Low C/N_0 Carrier Tracking Loop Based on Optimal Estimation Algorithm in GPS Software Receivers

Suppressing jitter noises in a phase locked loop(PLL) is of great importance in order to keep precise and continuous track of global positioning system(GPS) signals characterized by low carrier-to-noise ratio(C/N0).This article proposes and analyzes an improved Kalman-filter-based PLL to process weak carrier signals in GPS software receivers.After reviewing the optimal-bandwidth-based traditional second-order PLL,a Kalman-filter-based estimation algorithm is implemented for the new PLL by decorrelating the model error noises and the measurement noises.Finally,the efficiency of this new Kalman-filter-based PLL is verified by experimental data.Compared to the traditional second-order PLL,this new PLL is in position to make correct estimation of the carrier phase differences and Doppler shifts with less overshoots and noise disturbances and keeps an effective check on the disturbances out of jitter noises in PLL.The results show that during processing normal signals,this improved PLL reduces the standard deviation from 0.010 69 cycle to 0.007 63 cycle,and for weak signal processing,the phase jitter range and the Doppler shifts can be controlled within ±17° and ±5Hz as against ±25° and ±15 Hz by the traditional PLL.     

Process-condition-driven Automatic Location of Components

In order to reduce the development cycle of mechanical products and corresponding toolings, a large number of components are utilized in these structures. Accordingly, automatic location method for components is a key issue in the research on intelligent computer aided design (CAD) techniques. Integrated with the investigation into intelligent design techniques for aircraft manufacturing toolings, in-depth researches on this issue are conducted. Formalized automatic location principles, representative methods and implementation algorithms are proposed and established. First, several terms and their formalized representative methods including process condition, location base and location operator are defined. Second, computation modeling of components automatic location and methods of location transformation are proposed. Then, definition of base structure and some key algorithms for automatic location are introduced. These principles and algorithms are developed, applied and verified in research project “Jig Intelligent CAD (JigICAD) System”.     

Surface Recrystallization in Nickel Base Single Crystal Superalloy DD6

The samples of single crystal superalloy DD6 are grit blasted and then heat treated either with the standard heat treatment procedure or in the temperature range of 1 000-1 250 °C for 4-16 h at vacuum atmosphere, then the recrystallization behavior of DD6 alloy is investigated. The results show that the equiaxed recrystallization grains form in the γ phase region where the as-cast γ′ phases have been dissolved completely, and cellular recrystallization forms in the region where the as-cast γ′ phases have been dissolved partially. The cellular recrystallization area consists of cellular grains, and the cellular grain consists of cubic γ′ phase, lamellar γ′ phase and γ+γ′ The coexistence of the equiaxed recrystallization zones and cellular recrystallization zones is a recrystallized characteristic of the cold worked single crystal samples which are heat treated at a temperature lower than the solution temperature. When the heating temperature is higher than 1 150 °C, with the increase of heat treating temperature, the equiaxed recrystallization zone expands, whereas the cellular recrystallization zone shrinks. All the deformed regions are consumed by equiaxed recrystallization after annealing at solution temperature.     

载人飞船有效载荷搭载技术及试验验证

载人飞船飞行任务中搭载的有效载荷设备质量、体积大并且安装要求苛刻,而返回舱内空间狭小且舱内环境复杂。针对这个问题,文章提出了通过改装返回舱座椅作为有效载荷搭载安放的方案。经过试验验证表明,该方案对飞船的影响很小,并且满足有效载荷设备搭载要求。     

微小卫星热控系统的研究现状及发展趋势

文章针对微小航天器研究现状和发展需求给热控系统设计带来的难点和挑战,从传热学和控制学两个角度,对近年来微小卫星热控领域出现的先进的热量收集、传输和排放装置展开论述;追踪了国内外学者提出的热控发展新的理论和方案。总之,开展各种智能、灵巧的航天器热控部件研究及针对高性能传热装置的控制策略研究是由微小卫星的结构布局和任务特点所决定的必然要求和发展趋势。     

卫星虚拟振动试验仿真效果研究

对振动台关键部件建模后,获得了包括动圈、扩展头、滑板、加强板、牛头等部件的较为准确的有限元模型。针对某卫星模型与振动台模型集成后的组合模型进行了有限元振动响应计算。将虚拟试验结果与实际试验结果、卫星传统仿真结果进行对比,通过分析卫星频率及响应量级来评价虚拟振动试验对卫星研制的意义。     

基于热流密度仿真计算的曲面红外灯阵优化设计方法

文章主要针对形状复杂的月球探测器的热流模拟问题进行研究。基于遗传算法与复合形算法,采取双目标、变尺度网格的优化策略建立了红外灯阵热流优化设计方法。应用单灯热流分布计算模型生成单灯热流分布数据库,解决了反光板反射热流问题,在此基础上建立了红外灯阵热流分布仿真计算方法。结果表明热流分布仿真计算具有较高的准确度,速度快,能够满足优化设计的需要,可以有效提高热流分布均匀性。     

3DG111F等四种双极晶体管空间总剂量效应研究

3DG111F等4种双极晶体管在航天器驱动电子设备中有着重要的应用。研究和掌握空间辐射环境对这些器件产生的总剂量效应有助于了解单机总剂量效应。文章对3DG111F等4种双极晶体管进行了总剂量辐照试验、测量及试验结果分析。研究结果可为单机总剂量效应的分析提供试验依据。     

用参数辨识法进行直升机悬停性能拓展

准确计算直升机在不同飞行状态的有效气动参数对于确定直升机飞行性能具有重要意义。然而,由于复杂的旋翼空气动力现象以及直升机状态和环境条件的变化,准确预估气动参数有较大难度。为此,采用无量纲分析法建立直升机悬停状态的数学模型,首先对参数重组,确定了几个悬停状态重要参数,包括气动参数和直升机状态参数;然后,以直-9×型直升机为例,结合实际试飞数据,提出了用最小二乘法对该模型进行参数辨识的方法;最后,通过相关性分析,确定了辨识方法的可行性,并将辨识结果有效地用于直升机悬停性能拓展。结果表明,这种利用参数辨识进行性能拓展的方法是可行的,由于辨识结果是利用实际试飞数据确定的,拓展结果具有较高的可信度。这种数据处理方法可有效减少试飞周期,节约试验成本。     

事故应急与救援及有关标准介绍

概述事故应急与救援系统的组成及其在现代安全管理中的作用,探讨有关事故应急与救援系统标准的主要内容与特点,介绍国内外有关事故应急与救援方面的标准/法规情况.