基于STM32F429的全向运动平台的运动控制

全向运动平台系统是可以实现人体在各个方位行走的2D运动平台。针对实现人体在全向运动平台稳定行走的运动控制,采用加入观测器的一阶控制算法对平台运动控制进行探究。先通过MATLAB软件进行算法的仿真,验证方法的可行性;再通过现场测试,验证控制算法的有效性。最终试验表明,加入观测器的一阶控制算法可对全向运动平台实现有效的运动控制。此运动控制策略的探究为全向运动平台的运动控制提供了一种可行的控制思路和方案。     

Numerical investigation of flow mechanisms of tandem impeller inside a centrifugal compressor

This study numerically investigated a single stage centrifugal compressor ‘‘Radiver’’ with a wedge diffuser and several tandem-designed impellers to explore the flow phenomena within the tandem impeller and the potential to enhance compressor performance. The results demonstrate that tandem design and clocking fraction (λ_s) significantly affects the compressor performance. The compressor stage with tandem impellers of Series A of boundary layer growth interruption alone are observed to have a widely operating range but efficiency and total pressure ratio penalty compared with that of conventional impeller. The tandem impeller with at least the same impeller efficiency as the conventional design is considered as a critical design criteria so that further modification process based on the flow characteristic of tandem impeller is necessary. In order to restrain the inducer wake and exducer shock losses, parameters modification of blade angle and thickness distributions are necessary and the modified tandem impeller of Series B is obtained. The modified tandem impeller with 25% clocking arrangement shows an 8.45% stall margin increase and maintains the total pressure ratio and efficiency as the conventional design, which proves the potential of tandem impeller to improve compressor stage performance. It is noteworthy that the tandem impellers of Radiver have not shown obviously balanced exit flow field and the fundamental mechanism of stall margin extending of tandem impeller lies on the improved impeller/diffuser matching performance resulting from the incidence angle variation at diffuser inlet.     

Real-time object tracking via least squares transformation in spatial and Fourier domains for unmanned aerial vehicles

This paper addresses the problem of real-time object tracking for unmanned aerial vehicles. We consider the task of object tracking as a classification problem. Training a good classifier always needs a huge number of samples, which is always time-consuming and not suitable for realtime applications. In this paper, we transform the large-scale least-squares problem in the spatial domain to a series of small-scale least-squares problems with constraints in the Fourier domain using the correlation filter technique. Then, this problem is efficiently solved by two stages. In the first stage, a fast method based on recursive least squares is used to solve the correlation filter problem without constraints in the Fourier domain. In the second stage, a weight matrix is constructed to prune the solution attained in the first stage to approach the constraints in the spatial domain. Then, the pruned classifier is used for tracking. To evaluate proposed tracker's performance, comprehensive experiments are conducted on challenging aerial sequences in the UAV123 dataset. Experimental results demonstrate that proposed approach achieves a state-ofthe-art tracking performance in aerial sequences and operates at a mean speed of beyond 40 frames/s. For further analysis of proposed tracker's robustness, extensive experiments are also performed on recent benchmarks OTB50, OTB100, and VOT2016.     

一种新的基于ANSYS的机翼挠曲变形建模方法

针对传递对准中机翼挠曲变形建模方法适用性差的问题,提出了一种基于有限元分析的不同挂点处弹载子惯导系统的机翼挠曲变形建模方法。以柔性较大的大展弦比机翼为研究对象,建立了薄蒙皮、双翼梁、多肋板式机翼模型。通过绕流分析得到的机翼上、下表面压力分布云图,在此基础上对机翼结构进行气动载荷的加载。根据ANSYS瞬态动力学分析,获取了机翼挠曲变形角的随机过程序列,并利用AR(n)模型代替ARMA(p,q)模型进行建模。采用一种改良卡尔曼滤波算法对模型参数进行估计,并利用信息准则对模型的适应性进行检验。根据参数辨识的结果,最终得到了机翼的挠曲变形模型。     

惯导系统旋转机构轴承动力学建模方法研究

旋转机构是旋转调制捷联惯导系统的关键部件之一。为了精确模拟旋转机构的动力学特性,研究了支撑旋转轴系的双列球轴承的动力学建模方法,提出了使用Bushing单元来建立同时具有径向移动刚度、轴向移动刚度和径向角刚度的三向刚度轴承动力学模型的方法。利用有限元数值仿真方法计算了三向刚度数值,并利用轴承手册上的经验公式进行了验证。在此基础上,建立了含弹性轴承支撑的旋转调制捷联惯导系统旋转机构的结构动力学有限元模型,分析比较了轴承有无角刚度两种状态下的固有模态。分析结果表明:对于旋转调制捷联惯导系统旋转机构来说,轴承模型角刚度对计算精度的影响较大,角刚度已知的模型更接近真实情况。     

基于参数化分析的柔性后缘优化设计

介绍了一种自适应柔性机翼后缘变形控制优化设计方法,该方法采用了由单个驱动器驱动的单块式分布柔性结构。该方法的关键在于设计一种合适的柔性后缘结构拓扑形式,使该自适应柔性机翼后缘能够达到精确的变形。阐明了柔性结构拓扑优化设计的数学模型,针对自适应柔性机翼后缘概念设计提出了基于参数化分析的拓扑优化设计方案,并进行了工程化圆整和尺寸优化。最终,通过非线性有限元分析和功能测试,验证了本文提出的柔性后缘优化设计方法的合理性。     

Nutation instability of spinning solid rocket motor spacecraft

The variation of mass,and moment of inertia of a spin-stabilized spacecraft leads to concern about the nutation instability.Here a careful analysis on the nutation instability is performed on a spacecraft propelled by solid rocket booster (SRB).The influences of specific solid propellant designs on transversal angular velocity are discussed.The results show that the typical SRB of End Burn suppresses the non-principal axial angular velocity.On the contrary,the frequently used SRB of Radial Burn could amplify the transversal angular velocity.The nutation instability caused by a design of Radial Burn could be remedied by the addition of End Burn at the same time based on the study of the combination design of both End Burn and Radial Burn.The analysis of the results proposes the design conception of how to control the nutation motion.The method is suitable to resolve the nutation instability of solid rocket motor with complex propellant patterns.     

盘式永磁同步电机永磁体涡流损耗研究

由于永磁体中存在涡流损耗,这些损耗会以热量的形式散发出来,使盘式永磁同步电机(DPMSM)内部温度升高。当温度过高时,会引起电机运行性能降低。故针对永磁体涡流损耗进行深入研究,对DPMSM的性能提高及优化设计具有重要意义。利用Maxwell三维电磁场有限元分析软件建立电机有限元模型,在三相正弦电流源驱动下求解电机永磁体电磁场分布;为减小永磁体涡流损耗,对永磁体进行不同方向分割,并对不同方向分割进行仿真对比,得出横向分割为3块效果最佳;在利用电磁屏蔽原理减小涡流损耗时,先对其可靠性进行验证,后利用MATLAB曲线拟合得出屏蔽层厚度的最优值。     

大型飞机整体壁板喷丸成形延展变形分析

针对基于喷丸成形的大型飞机机翼整体壁板延展变形问题,从影响整体壁板喷丸延展变形的因素出发,通过对整体壁板喷丸成形展向应变的理论计算和实测延展数据对比,得出整体壁板喷丸成形加工环节的延展变形规律。     

航空航天智能材料与智能结构研究进展

智能材料作为新兴多功能材料,能够实现结构功能化、功能多样化。智能结构是在结构中集成智能材料作为传感器和驱动器,使结构除了具有承载、传力、连接等功能外,还具有自感知、自诊断、自驱动、自修复等能力,以更好地适应外界环境的变化,可显著提升航空航天架构的性能。目前智能材料与智能结构已成为航空航天架构减重增效研究的重点。根据国内外智能材料和结构的研究进展,综述了压电材料、铁磁材料、形状记忆材料、智能复合材料等智能材料的发展;讨论了智能结构的研究及应用前景,包括自诊断智能结构、自修复智能结构和减振降噪智能结构;最后,指出了智能材料与结构当前面临的一些挑战性问题,展望了其在航空航天领域的应用前景。