Plasma transport across the heliopause

Existing heliopause models are critically rediscussed under the new aspect of possible plasma mixing between the solar wind and the ambient ionized component of the local interstellar medium (LISM). Based on current kinetic plasma theories, effective diffusion rates across the heliopause are evaluated for several models with turbulence caused by electrostatic or electromagnetic interactions that could be envisaged in this context. Some specific cases that may lead to high diffusion rates are investigated, especially in regard to their LISM magnetic field dependence.For weak fields (less than 10^–7 G), macroscopic hydrodynamic instabilities, such as of Rayleigh-Taylor or Kelvin-Helmholtz-types, can be excited. The resulting plasma mixing rates at the heliopause may amount to 20–30% of the impinging mass flow.Recently, an unconventional new approach to the problem for the case of tangential magnetic fields at the heliopause was published in which a continuous change of the plasma properties within an extended boundary layer is described by a complete set of two-fluid plasma equations including a hybrid MHD-formulation of wave-particle interaction effects. If a neutral sheet is assumed to exist within the boundary layer, the magnetic field direction is proven to be constant for a plane-parallel geometry. Considering the electric fields and currents in the layer, an interesting relationship between the field-reconnection probability and the electric conductivity can be derived, permitting a quantitative determination of either of these quantities.An actual value for the electrical conductivity is derived here on the basis of electron distribution functions given by a superposition of Maxwellians with different temperatures. Using two-stream instability theory and retaining only the most unstable modes, an exact solution for the density, velocity, and magnetic and electric fields can be obtained. The electrical conductivity is then shown to be six orders of magnitude lower than calculated by conventional formulas. Interestingly, this leads to an acceptable value of 0.1 for the reconnection coefficient.By analogy with the case of planetary magnetopauses, it is shown here for LISM magnetic fields of the order of 10^–6 G or larger that field reconnection processes may also play an important role for the plasma mixing at the heliopause. The resulting plasma mixing rate is estimated to amount to an average value of 10% of the incident mass flow. It is suggested here that the dependence of the cosmic-ray penetration into the heliosphere on the distribution of reconnecting areas at the heliopause may provide a means of deriving the strength and orientation of the LISM field.A series of observational implications for the expected plasma mixing at the heliopause is discussed in the last part of the paper. In particular, consequences are discussed for the generation of radio noise at the heliopause, for the penetration of LISM neutrals into the heliosphere, for the propagation of cosmic rays towards the inner part of the solar system and for convective electric field mergings into the heliosphere during the course of the solar cycle, depending on the solar cycle variations. With concern to a recent detection of electrostatic plasma waves by plasma receivers on Voyagers 1 and 2, we come to an interesting alternate explanation: the heliopause, rather than the heliospheric shock front, could be responsible for the generation of these waves.     

Composite Bound on Arrival Time Estimation Errors

Time of arrival (TOA) estimation of narrowband signals is a problem of considerable practical interest in radar and sonar applications. A new technique is presented to analyze the mean square error (MSE) performance of TOA estimation schemes, based on recently developed lower bound. We obtain a complete characterization of the MSE as a function of the signal and noise parameters. The results are given in a simple closed-form analytical expression.     

桨扇的气动弹性力学和气动声学

在桨扇技术发展过程中,桨扇的气动弹性力学与气动声学是主要技术关键中的两个很受重视的问题。本文对于上述二问题的历史发展过程,处理方法及己取得的主要成果作了阐述,对于其现状和发展趋势提出了一些看法。      

气体燃料组分变化对SG2-6A燃气轮机燃烧室性能的影响

在北京燕山石油化工总公司东方红炼油厂的燃气—蒸气联合循环装置中,用Spey MK—202燃气轮机的核心机作为燃气发生器、燃料使用炼油厂工艺过程中产生的于气。于气由H₂（氢）、N₂（氮）、C₁（甲烷）、C₂（乙烷、乙烯）、及少量的C₃（丙烷、丙烯）,C₄（丁烷、丁烯）组成,其热值为8000Kcal/kg左右。spey发动机使用液体燃料,为掌握使用气体燃料改型燃烧室的性能,需做单管燃烧室的性能试验。      

JOURNAL OF AEROSPACE POWER Published quarterly by The Chinese Society of Aeronautics and Astronautics

The Journal of Aerospace Power is a leading publication of its kind in China devoted to the advancement of the science and technology of aerospace power.It provides a common medium through which academic and industrial researchers and designers can communicate results, review progress and identify requirements for further work in this increasingly significant field.      

铜与铜镶嵌非晶体焊料点焊的研究

研究了铜与铜镶嵌非晶体焊料ＱＪＹ－５Ａ、ＱＪＹ－５Ｂ点焊,以及调整点焊温度场来降低焊接区铜的熔点,提高焊接区电能利用率的措施;叙述了铜与铜镶嵌ＱＪＹ－５Ａ、ＱＪＹ－５Ｂ焊料点焊焊核形成过程及特点。     

几何和气动参数对多孔板波涡相互作用影响的研究

本文对以涡声相互作用为基础的通气的多孔板共振腔结构的声学性质进行了一些实验研究和分析。着重于声衬的孔径、腔深、孔板厚度对声衬性能的影响。对实验的结果进行了一些分析,给出了厚板通气声衬声抗的一种算法。对吹气与吸气情况下声衬的性质进行了对比。      

附加粘弹性阻尼齿轮结构的阻尼计算

本文结合模态应变能理论与20节点有限元方法,提出了一种附加粘弹性阻尼结构损耗因子的计算模型和方法。以某实际齿轮附加阻尼结构为例,进行阻尼计算,研究了如何提高阻尼处理的效率,并得到相应实验的验证。该方法克服了已有粘弹性阻尼结构计算方法只能对简单理想结构建模的局限性,能够简便有效地应用于实际粘弹性阻尼结构的阻尼预测和优化。这对阻尼的工程应用具有较大的理论和应用价值。      

BPN 在涡扇发动机气路故障诊断中的应用

本文应用误差反传网络（BPN）算法,研究发动机气路部件故障的定量诊断,并针对某型军用涡扇发动机的典型故障,给出了诊断结果,分析了测量系统的随机误差、发动机的不同工作状态、不同调节规律对的诊断结果影响,结果表明BPN可成功地应用于发动机故障的定量诊断。      

湿热对单向复合材料层合板Ⅱ型分层特性的影响

利用横向裂纹拉伸试验模型（Transverse Crack Tension-tension Test）,在3种湿热环境（室温、85℃和85℃/95%RH）条件下,对2种单向碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料（T300/QY8911和HTA/6376）层合板的Ⅱ型分层特性进行了试验研究。结果表明湿热环境导致复合材料层间断裂韧性降低,引起Ⅱ型应变能释放率门槛值显着下降,裂纹扩展速率大大提高,温度的影响较湿度更为明显。利用电镜（SEM）对试样分层表面进行了检测,湿度对断面特征无明显的影响。