Seasonal and solar cycle dependence of F3-layer near the southern crest of the equatorial ionospheric anomaly

The occurrence of an additional F3-layer has been reported at Brazilian, Indian and Asian sectors by several investigators. In this paper, we report for the first time the seasonal variations of F3-layer carried out near the southern crest of the equatorial ionospheric anomaly (EIA) at São José dos Campos (23.2°S, 45.0°W; dip latitude 17.6°S – Brazil) as a function of solar cycle. The period from September 2000 to August 2001 is used as representative of high solar activity (HSA) and the period from January 2006 to December 2006 as representative of low solar activity (LSA). This investigation shows that during HSA there is a maximum occurrence of F3-layer during summer time and a minimum during winter time. However, during LSA, there is no seasonal variation in the F3-layer occurrence. Also, the frequency of occurrence of the F3-layer during HSA is 11 times more than during LSA.     

轮控欠驱动航天器的姿态控制特性

针对由飞轮控制的欠驱动航天器,研究了直接以飞轮转速为控制输入时航天器姿态的小时间局部可控性与可镇定性。首先,视飞轮转速为输入,将航天器与飞轮总角动量守恒的约束直接纳入系统动力学方程中。然后,利用非线性系统的可控性与可镇定性理论分析该系统方程在分别带有一个和两个飞轮时的控制特性。结果表明,仅在带有两个非共轴的飞轮时航天器的姿态才有可能满足局部可控;同时,系统已经不能被时不变光滑状态反馈渐近镇定,但至少可以被分段连续的状态反馈渐近镇定。据此,设计了基于四元数的非光滑控制器使得航天器的姿态迅速镇定,同时飞轮转速不超过最大转速,既验证了理论分析结果的正确性,又具有一定的实用意义。     

Planetary Atmospheric Electricity

“Life” is an empirical concept whose various definitions and phenomenological characterizations depend on historical frameworks. Although analysis of existing literature suggests that attempts to define life will remain, at best, a work in progress, the history of biology shows that some efforts have been more fruitful than others. There is a major distinction between natural selection—which is clearly a defining trait of biology—and the changes that result from purely physical chemical evolution, which can be observed in nonbiological complex systems. Accordingly, it can be concluded that life cannot be understood without considering the presence of genetic material and Darwinian evolution. This shows the usefulness of the suggestion that life can be considered as a self-sustaining chemical system (i.e., one that turns environmental resources into its own building blocks) that is capable of undergoing natural selection.     

钢筋锈蚀的光纤光栅监测

基于光纤光栅应变中心波长会发生漂移的原理,探讨了一种新的光纤光栅腐蚀传感器.设计了布拉格光栅来监测在役钢筋的锈蚀,通过光纤光栅的应变来监测钢筋锈蚀过程.单独设置一根光纤光栅来测量温度引起的光栅应变.通过两根光纤光栅监测应变,可分离出钢筋由于锈蚀所引起的体积变化.这种光纤光栅锈蚀传感器通过监测光栅波长随钢筋锈蚀漂移直接测量钢筋锈蚀程度,而且不受锈蚀因素的影响,可用于混凝土结构中钢筋锈蚀早期的监测.     

基于径向基函数的机翼和翼梢小翼外形优化

对机翼和翼梢小翼外形参数的优化方法进行了研究.利用径向基函数(RBF)来构建机翼和翼梢小翼的优化模型.在有、无翼根弯矩约束的两种情况下,分别结合序列二次规划法和拟牛顿法优化方法,针对优化目标:机翼诱导阻力最小,优化得到机翼和翼梢小翼的最佳外形参数.实验证明本文优化方法能够取得满意的优化效果,对翼梢小翼的优化设计问题具有一定的参考价值.     

航空驱动机构轻量化设计与仿真分析

合理、轻量化的航空驱动机构设计可以在很大程度上提高航空驱动机构行程角度控制的准确性、耐久性、扭矩/质量比及电磁兼容性,降低输出轴晃动间隙。针对目前国内现有飞机着陆灯用航空驱动机构,提出一种轻量化航空驱动机构的设计方案,该方案采用无刷直流电动机驱动,通过行星齿轮、平行轴直齿轮、蜗杆副等组合形式减速,利用高精度非接触角位移传感器反馈位置信号;建立三维数学模型对行星齿轮等传动件进行动力学仿真分析,对壳体、齿轮盖等结构件进行有限元仿真计算。结果表明：轻量化航空驱动机构设计方案可满足轻量化、大扭矩/质量比等相关技术指标要求;驱动机构关键传动件与结构件的设计参数及强度也满足要求,设计方案合理可行。     

切向孔直径精度对离心喷嘴性能影响

为解决离心喷嘴流量系数理论计算与试验偏差普遍较大的问题,采用Fluent两相流模型计算了不同切向孔直径下的喷雾锥角、流量系数等性能参数,分析发现切向孔直径加工精度对离心喷嘴流量系数有较显著的影响。通过塞规测量了4个喷嘴的切向孔直径,利用切向孔直径测量平均值建立几何模型,计算了较大范围不同压降下的喷嘴性能,并与试验结果进行了对比。模型计算结果和试验数据吻合较好,喷雾锥角与试验偏差小于1°,流量系数偏差小于4.2%。      

基于临界折射纵波法的CFRP应力检测

研究了不同纤维方向与应力方向对复合材料声弹性关系的影响。为了在材料内部激励临界折射纵波,本文根据斯涅耳定律设计了超声入射楔块,并搭建了声时差检测系统。并使用搭建的系统分别测量了0°、45°单向铺设的两种试样在0°、45°和90°方向的声时差变化,得到了不同加载方向和纤维方向组合情况下,由CFRP材料内部应力与声时差表征的声弹性关系。     

Ada层次化并发软件模型的研究

基于对象Petri网,提出了层次化并发软件模型,这种模型在结构上参考了统一建模语言UML的描述机制,并用一种扩展Petri网ECPN分层描述对象的内部状态,以及对象间的相互作用,易于仿真与程序生成.模型的实际应用将有利于保证并发软件,特别是Ada95并发软件的质量,提高开发效率.