镍基单晶蠕变研究：基于晶体塑性的蠕变模型

在镍基单晶合金高温蠕变建模工作的第二部分,通过提出的蠕变材料模型,在晶体塑性理论的变形梯度与滑移系剪切应变率关系的基础上结合不同温度下不同滑移系上的蠕变机理,最终建立起滑移系上行为与材料结构变形的联系。材料本构方程的积分采用了四阶Runge-utta法,并通过对DD3和 CMSX-4两种材料在不同温度,晶体取向和应力水平下的试验曲线进行计算模拟,说明了模型及算法的可行性及对较宽的温度、应力和晶体取向下蠕变行为模拟的能力。     

高温处理对中密度针刺C/C复合材料性能的影响

针对C/C复合材料脆性问题,对密度为1.60 g/cm3的碳布叠层针刺C/C复合材料进行了1800、2 000、2 200和2 500℃的高温处理,研究了不同热处理温度对C/C复合材料微晶结构、力学和抗热震等性能的影响.结果表明,高温处理使针刺C/C复合材料的层间剪切和面内拉伸强度出现不同程度的降低,但材料的断裂伸长率和抗热震性能得到大幅度提高.其中,1 800℃高温处理后的C/C复合材料具有优异的力学和抗热震性能.     

Relativistic Reconnection and Particle Acceleration

This chapter mainly deals with magnetic reconnection and particle acceleration in relativistic astrophysical plasmas, where the temperature of the current sheet exceeds the rest mass energy and the Alfvén velocity is close to the speed of light. Magnetic reconnection now receives a great deal of interest for its role in many astrophysical systems such as pulsars, magnetars, galaxy clusters, and active galactic nucleus jets. We review recent advances that emphasize the roles of reconnection in high-energy astrophysical phenomena.     

Moment equation description of interstellar hydrogen

The flow of interstellar hydrogen in the heliosphere can be studied using the moment equation approach. The Boltzmann equation is integrated over the velocity space to obtain the moment equations, the moment equations are then solved directly for the flow conditions. We present a closed system of moment equations. This approach can include anisotropic pressure when the distribution function is distorted into skewed ellipsoid.     

Improved strapdown coning algorithms

Three improved algorithms for strapdown attitude computation utilizing accumulated gyro increments from the previous and current update are developed and evaluated analytically under classical coning motion. The error criterion of Miller is derived directly from the rotation vector concept. The accuracy of updating rotation vector estimation can be improved at least two orders of magnitude as compared with those of conventional algorithms. The proposed algorithm is equivalent to increasing the number of gyro samples used in the conventional method and it requires less computer loading     

ASEL：一种基于Ada的可扩充软件工程语言

介绍了一种可支持软件开发各阶段的基于Ａｄａ的可扩充软件工程语言ＡＳＥＬ。首先讨论了ＡＳＥＬ的设计思想与目标,并在此基础上介绍分析了ＡＳＥＬ的各种基本结构,然后深入讨论了它对软件开发过程中的各种支持特征。     

改进格网型中的跨音速分析和设计计算

 <正> 近年来采用不同的主控方程计算跨音速绕流的方法有了不断的发展和改进,越来越多的算例表明了计算流体力学的迅速发展,其中解全速势方程的跨音速计算方法也有了很大进展,并已为国外航空工业界广泛地应用于设计和分析计算中。其中有限体积方法提高了处理复杂外形的能力,若采用多重网格技术则可改进计算效率。但是为了发展一种普遍适用和可靠的格网系统以耦合有限体积算法仍有许多工作要做     

直升机旋翼非定常气动力及结构动力响应计算

以二维非定常Ｎａｖｉｅｒ－Ｓｔｏｋｅｓ方程为模型方程,采用Ｊａｍｅｓｏｎ有限体积并引入变系数隐式残值光顺及固接网格计算了直升机旋翼不同展向位置处翼剖面的非定常气动力,进而采用插值的方法模拟直升机在悬停及前飞状态下,旋翼的桨叶所受的非常气动力载荷,并将之与桨叶的结构振动方程相耦合,求解其时域内的结构响应,非定常下气动力计算结果与实验结果做了对比,两者比较吻合,旋翼结构响应计算结果合理。     

Initial observations of low energy charged particles near the Earth's bow shock on ISEE-1

We report initial measurements from the ULECA sensor of the Max-Planck-Institut/University of Maryland experiment on ISEE-1. ULECA is an electrostatic deflection — total energy sensor consisting of a collimator, deflection analyzer and an array of solid state detectors. The position of a given detector, which determines the energy per charge of an incident particle, together with the measured energy determine the particle's charge state. We find that a rich variety of phenomena are operative in the transthermal energy regime (10 keV/Q to 100 keV/Q) covered by ULECA. Specifically, we present observations of locally accelerated protons, alpha particles, and heavier ions in the magnetosheath and upstream of the Earth's bow shock. Preliminary analysis indicates that the behavior of these locally accelerated particles is most similar at the same energy per charge.     

Global Response of Martian Plasma Environment to an Interplanetary Structure: From Ena and Plasma Observations at Mars

As a part of the global plasma environment study of Mars and its response to the solar wind, we have analyzed a peculiar case of the subsolar energetic neutral atom (ENA) jet observed on June 7, 2004 by the Neutral Particle Detector (NPD) on board the Mars Express satellite. The “subsolar ENA jet” is generated by the interaction between the solar wind and the Martian exosphere, and is one of the most intense sources of ENA flux observed in the vicinity of Mars. On June 7, 2004 (orbit 485 of Mars Express), the NPD observed a very intense subsolar ENA jet, which then abruptly decreased within ∼10 sec followed by quasi-periodic (∼1 min) flux variations. Simultaneously, the plasma sensors detected a solar wind structure, which was most likely an interplanetary shock surface. The abrupt decrease of the ENA flux and the quasi-periodic flux variations can be understood in the framework of the global response of the Martian plasma obstacle to the interplanetary shock. The generation region of the subsolar ENA jet was pushed towards the planet by the interplanetary shock; and therefore, Mars Express went out of the ENA jet region. Associated global vibrations of the Martian plasma obstacle may have been the cause of the quasi-periodic flux variations of the ENA flux at the spacecraft location.