TG01/SZ08交会对接轨道确定与预报精度分析

以我国首次空间交会对接为背景,介绍了交会对接任务轨道计算和预报的新特点。针对TG01("天宫一号"目标飞行器)调相控制期间的中长期轨道预报问题,分析了影响预报精度的多种因素,定量给出了偏航飞行姿态对轨道预报的影响,通过对不同策略预报结果的比较,制定了轨道预报的最优策略;针对SZ08("神舟八号"飞船)远距离导引期间的短弧定轨,采用适应短弧情况下的定轨策略,分别利用3圈、6圈地基统一S频段和中继卫星数据的定轨位置精度优于50m。     

聚氨酯泡沫塑料剪切力学性能的研究

对聚氨酯泡沫塑料进行了低速扭转实验, 研究了这类材料的剪切力学行为, 确定了材料的剪切弹性模量和剪切破坏强度等力学性能参数.并且, 对扭转试件断口进行了扫描电镜分析,研究了泡沫塑料剪切破坏的机制.最后, 利用作者得到的理论公式,对聚氨酯泡沫塑料的剪切力学性能进行了理论预测.结果表明,理论预测值与实验结果相当一致.      

一种空间自由曲面非接触扫描测量系统的研究

精确测量空间自由曲面的传统方法是采用三坐标测量机的接触测量或简单的非接触测量,这些测量方法存在工作效率低、自动化程度低等缺点。在深入研究上述方法的基础上,提出了一种自由曲面的非接触自动测量方法,介绍了测量系统的构成、曲面边缘的提取、自动扫描方式的规划以及测头跟踪方式等设计要点。     

零件疲劳平均失效率计算方法研究

失效率、平均失效率、平均剩余寿命决定了结构的寿命分布和可靠度,在机械产品的可靠性研究中具有非常重要的作用。基于可靠性度量的基本指标,推导寿命分布为两参数威布尔分布时疲劳可靠性系数与可靠度的关系,提出基于疲劳可靠性系数计算结构失效率和平均失效率的方法,并给出相应的计算过程,形成不同寿命度量指标下较为简便的计算方法。利用已有的整体搭接壁板结构疲劳寿命试验数据,采用本文所提方法与传统积分方法对整体搭接壁板结构进行疲劳平均失效率计算和误差分析。结果表明：所推导的计算公式形式简单,便于计算,且具有高度准确性,对机械结构的FMECA 以及维修决策的制定具有指导意义。     

再入飞行器俯仰动态失稳的分叉理论与计算分析

采用非线性自治动力系统分叉理论,耦合求解非定常Navier-Stokes方程和俯仰运动方程,研究了再入飞行器单自由度俯仰运动失稳问题。研究表明,航天飞行器再入时,如果仅有一个配平攻角,随马赫数降低,其配平攻角处的俯仰动态失稳一般对应于Hopf分叉,并存在亚临界Hopf分叉和超临界Hopf分叉两种失稳形态。作为验证实例,数值模拟了飞船返回舱外形和平头有翼双锥外形的俯仰动态失稳现象。结果表明,返回舱再入时,随马赫数降低将发生超临界Hopf分叉,俯仰运动由点吸引子演化为周期吸引子,临界Hopf分叉点发生在马赫数2.2处;而平头再入体随马赫数降低,发生亚临界Hopf分叉,俯仰运动则是由周期吸引子演化为点吸引子,马赫数6.8为临界Hopf分叉点。     

火控雷达系统抗有源干扰能力分析

在对火控雷达系统抗有源干扰的主要属性进行分析的基础上,建立了抗有源干扰多属性决策评估模型,结合实例对评估方案集进行了计算,最后对结果进行分析,达到了分析火控雷达系统抗有源干扰能力的目的.该分析方法具有较好的推广应用价值.     

基于图像分析的雷达假目标逼真度计算

在对目标雷达图像进行分析的基础上,提取其图像特征,并通过一定的变换使其转化为假目标的逼真度指标,从而对雷达假目标的设计提供参考.     

Gust load alleviation wind tunnel tests of a large-aspect-ratio flexible wing with piezoelectric control

An active control technique utilizing piezoelectric actuators to alleviate gust-response loads of a large-aspect-ratio flexible wing is investigated. Piezoelectric materials have been exten-sively used for active vibration control of engineering structures. In this paper, piezoelectric mate-rials further attempt to suppress the vibration of the aeroelastic wing caused by gust. The motion equation of the flexible wing with piezoelectric patches is obtained by Hamilton's principle with the modal approach, and then numerical gust responses are analyzed, based on which a gust load alle-viation (GLA) control system is proposed. The gust load alleviation system employs classic propor tional-integral-derivative (PID) controllers which treat piezoelectric patches as control actuators and acceleration as the feedback signal. By a numerical method, the control mechanism that piezo-electric actuators can be used to alleviate gust-response loads is also analyzed qualitatively. Further-more, through low-speed wind tunnel tests, the effectiveness of the gust load alleviation active control technology is validated. The test results agree well with the numerical results. Test results show that at a certain frequency range, the control scheme can effectively alleviate the z and x wing-tip accelerations and the root bending moment of the wing to a certain extent. The control system gives satisfying gust load alleviation efficacy with the reduction rate being generally over 20%.     

基于N-S方程的加油机对受油机气动干扰研究

空中加受油时,加油机尾流场会对受油机产生复杂的流动干扰。采用基于Navier-Stokes(N-S)方程的CFD方法分析加油机尾流场,并对加油机、受油机之间的气动干扰进行一体化模拟研究;系统地分析加油机不同迎角及双机不同高度差、不同侧向距离、不同前后位置时,受油机的纵向、横航向气动力特性。结果表明：典型状态下,加油机迎角增大,对受油机的气动干扰增强;高度差越大,对受油机气动干扰越小;侧向距离越大,对受油机气动干扰先增加后减小;前后距离对受油机的影响较小。     

Compensation of base disturbance using optimal trajectory planning of dual-manipulators in a space robot

This paper presents a trajectory planning algorithm for a space robot with dual-manipulators. Here one manipulator of the space robot captures a target, and another manipulator is free. In this case, this study uses one manipulator as the mission manipulator to capture the target, and another as the balance manipulator aiming at the compensation of the pose disturbance. For this method, a novel trajectory planning algorithm applied to the balance manipulator is presented. The trajectory planning problem is transformed into series of problems of the optimal state solution, and then the iterative algorithms for the trajectory planning are designed. In the iterative algorithms, the bias force on the spacecraft base caused by the balance manipulator is used as the compensation force. Then, to calculate the expected compensation force and torque, a pose control law for the spacecraft base is introduced. The expected compensation force and torque provide equality constraints for optimization problems, which implies that the trajectory planning algorithm compensates for not only the disturbance generated by the manipulator’s motion, but also environmental disturbances. This is because the expected compensation force and torque depend on the pose change of the spacecraft base rather than the type of the disturbance. Numerical simulation was carried out to analyze the proposed trajectory planning method. It was observed that the method greatly reduces the disturbance of Manipulator A on the spacecraft base. These results validated the effectiveness of the proposed method for the trajectory planning to make the spacecraft base disturbance up to minimum.