Divisible load scheduling on single-level tree networks with buffer constraints

Scheduling a divisible load on a heterogeneous single-level tree network with processors having finite-size buffers is addressed. We first present the closed-form solutions for the case when the available buffer size at each site is assumed to be infinite. Then we analyze the case when these buffer sizes are of finite size. For the first time in the domain of DLT (divisible load theory) literature, the problem of scheduling with finite-size buffers is addressed. For this case, we present a novel algorithm, referred to as incremental balancing strategy, to obtain an optimal load distribution. Algorithm IBS adopts a strategy to feed the divisible load in a step-by-step incremental balancing fashion by taking advantage of the available closed-form solutions of the optimal scheduling for the case without buffer size constraints. Based on the rigorous mathematical analysis, a number of interesting and useful properties exhibited by the algorithm are proven. We present a very useful discussion on the implications of this problem on the effect of sequencing discussed in the literature. Also, the impact of Rule A, a rule that obtains a reduced optimal network to achieve optimal processing time by eliminating a redundant set of processor-link pairs, is also discussed. Numerical examples are presented.     

空中交通管理协同决策

CDM是一种基于信息交换及政府与企业之间联合协作的理念，用于创造更为安全和更为有效的系统环境。通过信息交换，所有参与各方就能对整个系统和所有运作限制产生一个公共的态势认知，在此基础上参与各方就能协调地做出更为安全有效的决策，同时也在最大程度上满足了各个企业的商业需求。     

基于维修性工程研究方法的航材工程应用

民用航空业的蓬勃发展对民机客户服务工作提出了新的要求,在提供优质产品的同时,如何高效保障机队正常运营成为了当前研究的重点课题。维修工程和航材支援是民机客户服务的重要组成内容,从工程实际应用出发,介绍了航材工程清单的编制流程,基于民机航线可维修性原则,着重探讨了维修性工程研究方法,并通过实例验证了航材推荐清单的有效性和实用性,可满足航材保障的要求。     

Fluctuation analyses of the X-ray background

We review recent progress in the use of analyses of fluctuations in the cosmic X-ray background (XRB) to determine the source counts below the detection thresholds. Three flux domains are discussed: the range around 10⁻¹²erg cm⁻² s⁻¹ where the Ginga and Einstein Observatory results remain inconsistent unless the sources at these fluxes (mainly Seyfert galaxies) are highly absorbed at low energies, the 10⁻¹⁴erg cm⁻² s⁻¹ zone where the flattening of the source counts predicted by fluctuation analyses of Einstein Observatory images is now confirmed by Rosat, and the 10⁻¹⁵erg cm⁻² s⁻¹ flux domain, where fluctuation analyses of Rosat images show that source counts remain subeuclidean with very little contribution to the XRB coming from these sources.     

航天器总装工艺组册规划与实施

近几年来我国航天器的研制任务迅速增长,传统的单型号研制模式正逐渐地被小批量与研制相结合的混线制造模式所取代。总装工艺组册规划作为一种与航天器小批量总装相适应的生产组织方式,在总装中取得了良好的应用效果。文章总结了总装工艺组册规划及实施的若干经验,同时提出了继续深入应用的思路。     

用模型喷管模拟研究发动机组外向辐射传热

根据热辐射理论，分析空间发动机外向辐射会传热的基本特点，得出在地面用模型喷管－电热喷管缩比件模拟这一传热现象的必要条件为两者几何相似，壁面热流密度q以及表面黑度ε相等。可行性分析为地面模拟试验提供了科学的依据，其结论可用来指导试验。     

The Solar Wind interactions with Lunar Magnetic Anomalies: A case study of the Chang’E-2 plasma data near the Serenitatis antipode

In this paper, we present the first and preliminary results on the near-Moon plasma environment, based on the spectrogram data obtained with the Solar Wind Ion Detector (SWID) onboard Chang’E-2 from four lunar orbits on 10–11 Oct 2010. These orbits, at a constant altitude of ∼100 km, approach gradually the Lunar Magnetic Anomaly (LMA) at the Serenitatis antipode. The data reveal tentatively a region with decrement in proton density and enhancement in temperature. The near coincidence of this region with the Serenitatis antipode probably suggests the presence of a minimagnetosphere associated with the LMA, which effectively shields and heats the incident Solar Wind (SW) protons.     

Biomedical study on combined effects of simulated weightlessness and emergent depressurization of spacecraft

Cabin emergent depressurization (CED) may occur in spacecraft during manned space flight. The purpose of this paper was to study the combined effects of simulated weightlessness (SW) and CED factors on humans and animals. It was found that the amplitude of T wave of human electrocardiograms (ECG) significantly decreased in bed rest and hypoxia compared with the control condition (P<0.05), and that suspension with pure O₂ induced severer edema in the lungs of rats than that in only a pure O₂ environment. SW and pure O₂ caused middle ear congestion and decreased the barofunction during pressure changes. These results indicate that human response to CED factors become more serious under SW because of the blood redistribution.     

Canonical transform for tracking with kinematic models

A canonical transform is presented that converts a coupled or uncoupled kinematic model for target tracking into a decoupled dimensionless canonical form. The coupling is due to non-zero off-diagonal terms in the covariance matrices of the process noise and/or the measurement noise, which can be used to model the coupling of motion and/or measurement between coordinates. The decoupled dimensionless canonical form is obtained by simultaneously diagonalizing the noise covariance matrices, followed by a spatial-temporal normalization procedure. This canonical form is independent of the physical specifications of an actual system. Each subsystem corresponding to a canonical coordinate is characterized by its process noise standard deviation, called the maneuver index as a generalization of the tracking index for target tracking, which characterizes completely the performance of a steady-state Kalman filter. A number of applications of this canonical form are discussed. The usefulness of the canonical transform is illustrated via an example of performance analysis of maneuvering target tracking in an air traffic control (ATC) system.