大型百货商场应急疏散措施安全性评价初探

大型百货商场应急疏散措施对减轻事故发生后的严重后果极其重要,因而有必要对其进行安全评价以确保其在事故发生时能正常发挥其功能.本文首次提出了商场应急措施安全评价方法,给出了简单实用的安全评价及安全评价规则,对商场建筑设计、消防管理、安全管理等都有一定的参考价值.     

Measurements of upper atmosphere wind and temperature from meteorological rocket experiments during winter 1979

This institute conducted a series of meteorological rocket experiments for the upper-atmospheric sounding in the winter of 1979. Within the overlap altitude range with balloon flights, a comparison of the results with the standard radiosonde data indicated that the rocket-borne system was reliable. The measurements from foru rocket flights for the region between 20 and 30 km showed a degree of compatibility to each other while those for above 30 km differed considerably from one another. At low latitude, the temperature profiles in the winter stratosphere in general showed a reasonably good agreement with the U.S. Standard Atmospheric Supplements, 1966 (USSAS 66). A temperature of 2–24°C lower than the USSAS 66, however, was recorded in the lower mesosphere. Above 30 km the maximum diurnal variation in temperature was 9°C or so. In the winter, the wind profile showed the westerlies and the maximum wind velocity of 92.1 Msec^?1 was obtained from these experiments at the height of 60 km.     

New ZVT-PWM DC/DC converters using active snubber

A novel active snubber soft switching method is proposed. The unique location of the resonant inductor and capacitor ensures low current and voltage stresses in the converter. An analytical study of a boost dc-dc converter with the proposed active snubber method is presented in detail to illustrate its operation principles and design considerations. By simple modification, this soft switching method is also suitable for ac-dc boost topology, especially for high power-factor-correction (PFC) universal interface applications. A 500 W prototype system has been made to simulatively and experimentally verify the performance of the soft switching.     

FSS基本缝隙单元频率特性的实验研究

频率选择表面 (FSS )受到众多的设计参数的影响 ,十分复杂 ,通过实验手段研究FSS结构的基本振子的谐振特性是十分重要的。本文针对矩形缝隙这种基本FSS缝隙单元 ,在 8～ 1 7GHz频段上进行了扫频实验 ,由此分析和总结了几何参数和物理参数对其频率特性的影响 ,最后给出了频率特性随几何参数和物理参数变化而变化的趋势     

在轨航天器连接结构动力学及其参数辨识

连接结构广泛用于各种航天器中,这些大量使用的连接结构由于其较低的刚度或非线性特性,会对航天器的动力学特性产生显著的影响.本文简要介绍了与在轨航天器连接结构动力学问题有关的以下问题:航天器中所使用连接结构的动力学模型及其参数辨识问题,连接结构对航天器结构动特性的影响,含连接结构动力学系统的周期解、分叉和混沌.     

线切割图形自动编程系统设计

本文介绍了由AUTOCAD绘制加工零件图形生成dxf文件 ,经系统工艺干预后 ,自动生成线切割加工程序 ( 3B格式 )的一种自动编程系统     

Design optimization for asymmetrical ZVS-PWM zeta converter

In this paper, a new soft-switching Zeta converter with an asymmetrical pulsewidth modulation (PWM) control is proposed. The proposed Zeta converter has the features of constant frequency operation, zero voltage switching (ZVS), and low voltage stress on the active switches. Moreover, it can achieve high power density, high efficiency, low switching loss, and low component count, which make converter operation at low to medium power level feasible. Operational principle of the Zeta converter is presented in detail, and a specific example is designed and implemented to verify its feasibility.     

Space Weather Research in China

Recent progress in space weather research are briefly presented here from three aspects: establishment or improvement in observation systems, such as extra-soft X-ray detector and γ-ray detector onboard the spacecraft ‘Shen Zhou 2’, new solar radio broad-band spectrometer, magnetometer-chain, ionosonde and digisonde–chain, laser-lidar system and VHF radar; partial topic progresses included in CMEs, multi-streamer structures, evolution of interplanetary magnetic field B _z component, regional properties of traveling ionospheric disturbances, a fully-nonlinear global dynamical model for the middle and upper atmosphere, and a combined prediction method for geomagnetic disturbances; and space weather activity, such as ‘Meridian Project’ — a national major scientific project, ‘International Space Weather Meridian Circle Program’ — a suggestion of internationalization of ‘Meridian Project’, ‘Space Weather Research Plan’ — a major research plan from National Natural Science Foundation of China (NNSFC) and other space weather activities. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Remote sounding of atmospheric gravity waves with satellite limb and nadir techniques

Recent advances in satellite techniques hold great potential for mapping global gravity wave (GW) processes at various altitudes. Poor understanding of small-scale GWs has been a major limitation to numerical climate and weather models for making reliable forecasts. Observations of short-scale features have important implication for validating and improving future high-resolution numerical models. This paper summarizes recent GW observations and sensitivities from several satellite instruments, including MLS, AMSU-A, AIRS, GPS, and CLAES. It is shown in an example that mountain waves with horizontal wavelengths as short as 30 km now can be observed by AIRS, reflecting the superior horizontal resolution in these modern satellite instruments. Our studies show that MLS, AMSU-A and AIRS observations reveal similar GW characteristics, with the observed variances correlated well with background winds. As a complementary technique, limb sounding instruments like CRISTA, CLAES, and GPS can detect GWs with better vertical but poorer horizontal resolutions. To resolve different parts of the broad GW spectrum, both satellite limb and nadir observing techniques are needed, and a better understanding of GW complexities requires joint analyses of these data and dedicated high-resolution model simulations.     

检定模拟示波器测量不确定度评定

对模拟示波器的主要性能参数（垂直偏转系数、扫描时间系数、脉冲瞬态响应）的不确定度评定做了详细介绍。