三维技术在模线样板设计中的使用

介绍三维技术在模线样板设计中的使用方法。包括平面组合件、单双曲度零件的模线样板设计中有关数据和图形的取制以及有关角度的计算过程，并通过几个典型实例详细描述了三维技术应用于模线设计的有关技巧。     

热处理真空淬火工艺的应用

超高强度钢在普通空气炉和盐炉中热处理后，零件表面氧化脱碳相对比较厚，再返回机加车间精加工，其高强度给机加带来不便。通过改进热处理工艺，采用保护气氛炉或真空炉淬火，在满足机械性能要求的前提下，实现少、无氧化热处理。     

大型工程装备可拓制造模型研究

在大型工程装备快速变批量生产需求环境下,基于可拓协同制造资源概念,提出了装备可拓制造"超网络"链制造模式,研究了可拓制造能力单元的RKCQ流模型,构建了可拓制造"超网络"链的参考模型与组建过程模型,并指出使能技术框架体系,可拓制造"超网络"链模式提出的目的在于为大型工程装备制造系统应对不确定性的需求提供制造能力储备.     

Simulation study on slant-to-vertical deviation in two dimensional TEC mapping over the ionosphere equatorial anomaly

With the rapid increase of GPS/GNSS receivers being deployed and operated in China, real-time GPS data from nearly a thousand sites are available at the National Center for Space Weather, China Meteorology Administration. However, it is challenging to generate a high-quality regional total electron content (TEC) map with the traditional two-dimensional (2-D) retrieval scheme because a large horizontal gradient has been reported over east–south Asia due to the northern equatorial ionization anomaly. We developed an Ionosphere Data Assimilation Analysis System (IDAAS), which is described in this study, using an International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) model as the background and applying a Kalman filter for updated observations. The IDAAS can reconstruct a three-dimensional ionosphere with the GPS slant TEC. The inverse slant TEC correlates well with observations both for GPS sites involved in the reconstruction and sites that are not involved. Based on the IDAAS, simulations were performed to investigate the deviation relative to the slant-to-vertical conversion (STV). The results indicate that the relative deviation induced by slant-to-vertical conversion may be significant in certain instances, and the deviation varies from 0% to 40% when the elevation decreases from 90° to 15°, while the relative IDAAS deviation is much smaller and varies from −5% to 15% without an elevation dependence. Compared with ‘true TEC’ map derived from the model, there is large difference in STV TEC map but no obvious discrepancy in IDAAS map. Generally, the IDAAS TEC map is much closer to the “true TEC” than is STV TEC map is.     

Dry Grinding of Titanium Alloy Using Brazed Monolayer cBN Wheels Coated with Graphite Lubricant

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of graphite lubricant on the dry grinding performance of Ti-6Al-4Valloy,using graphite-coated,brazed monolayer,cubic boron nitride(cBN)wheels.Brazed monolayer cBN wheels both with and without a coating of polymer-based graphite lubricant are fabricated and subsequently compared for grinding performance based on measurements of grinding temperature,surface microstructure and grinding.In terms of grinding temperature,considerable improvement in dry grinding performance of titanium alloy is achieved using coated brazed monolayer cBN wheels,with 42%—47%reduction in grinding temperature as opposed to uncoated wheels.The grinding force ratio with the coated wheels is observed to remain between 1.45to1.85despite material removal rates reaching up to 1 950mm3/mm.No tangible change in ground titanium surface microstructure is noted as a result of grinding with the graphite coated wheels as opposed to the uncoated ones.     

适应拓扑变化的拥塞最小化网络更新策略

软件定义网络的出现推动了航空集群机载网络的发展，同时也为机载网络的一致性更新带来了挑战。针对拓扑变化导致的网络更新期间可用路径失效问题，提出适应拓扑变化的拥塞最小化网络更新策略。首先，为减少可用路径失效带来的数据包丢失，在更新之前采用重路由机制进行处理；然后，针对重路由机制可能引起的网络拥塞，设计了贪婪流迁移算法缓解拥塞；最后，通过瞬时拥塞最小化更新算法完成整个网络更新。仿真结果表明：与传统的拥塞一致性更新算法相比，所提更新策略用规则开销、瞬时网络拥塞方面的少量提高换取了网络更新期间数据包丢失的显著降低。     

基于声学黑洞效应的直升机驾驶舱宽带降噪

声学黑洞（ABH）效应是利用结构阻抗的变化，使结构中传播的波相速度和群速度发生变化，在结构局部区域实现波的聚集，进而通过少量阻尼将能量耗损。该方法具有高效、轻质、宽频等优点，为结构振动噪声控制提供了新的思路，具有较强的潜能和应用前景。本文针对直升机驾驶舱复杂的噪声问题，根据噪声源和传递路径，提出基于ABH效应的内嵌式和附加式2种减振降噪设计方案。利用有限元软件建立了结构声振耦合模型，分析了直升机驾驶舱模型的声振特性，解释了ABH效应有助于降低舱室噪声的机理，并搭建了实验平台，开展了效果测试和性能评估。结果表明，内嵌式ABH结构可以有效降低舱内的中高频噪声，而低频控制能力略显不足。附加式ABH结构可以弥补这一局限性，拓宽有效频带。结合内嵌式和附加式ABH 2种控制方案，相比传统结构在总质量不增加甚至略有降低的前提下，舱室平均噪声水平在1/3倍频程内降低3~10 dB。该研究成果有助于推进ABH新技术在未来直升机工程减振降噪中的应用。     

Comparison of global morphologies of vertical ion convergence and sporadic E occurrence rate

This study employs the Horizontal Wind model 2014 to calculate the intensity of the Vertical ion convergence (VIC) to examine the role of neutral wind shear in the global distribution of the Es occurrence rate. The global S4 observations from the FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC GPS Occultation Experiment (GOX) are used to derive global information on the Es occurrence. Both the simulation and observation suggest that the Es highly occurs in the mid-latitude regions of the summer hemisphere.     

几种流量测量仪表的选择与节能

对国内能源系统常用的几种工业流量测量仪表实际应用选择及节能问题，简要地进行了原理分析和实际应用分析，供使用者优选流量仪表参考。