分离式机械压汽蒸馏系统的实验

针对传统机械压汽蒸馏的不足,提出分离式机械压汽蒸馏系统.建立了一套容量为1.5 m3/d的单效分离式机械压汽蒸馏系统并对其进行实验研究.实验系统主要由两套旋转蒸发器、冷凝器以及压缩机组成.通过改变压缩机转速和蒸发温度来研究系统的性能.结果表明在蒸馏水产量一定的前提下压缩机进口压力和冷凝器进口压力随着压缩机转速的增加而逐渐下降,换热温差随着压缩机转速的增加而增加,最高温差稳定在8.5℃左右.通过改变系统的真空度获得不同的蒸发温度,蒸发温度越高,蒸馏产量越高,系统性能也越好.      

面向数字化技术支援的数字样机逐层轻量化技术

直观的三维模型有助于提高民用飞机远程维修支援的效率和准确度,但由于计算机辅助设计系统产生的模型数据量通常比较巨大,三维数字样机的轻量化成为了很大的挑战.基于对格式转换与模型简化这两种轻量化方法的分析,提出了基于单元数据量的数字样机逐级轻量化的方法,将全机的三维模型进行不同简化程度的轻量化处理,并且提出了基于失真度判据的层级化管理方法,按照模型结构树对简化率高的失真模型与具有细节特征的无损模型进行逐级的加载与使用.实例验证表明所提出的方法有效减小了网络传输的数据量并保留了模型必要的细节特征,使在互联网中快速访问全机三维模型得以实现.     

气动负载模拟器的多余力矩分析

为了分析气动负载模拟器中多余力的形成及影响因素,介绍了气动负载模拟器的工作原理、结构框图及实验平台,推导了气动负载模拟器的数学模型,并通过实验和仿真对比模型进行了验证。采用线性化方法定性分析了影响气动负载模拟器多余力的3个因素——被动压差、惯性力矩以及摩擦力矩。采用非线性仿真定量分析了该3个因素分别对气动负载模拟器的多余力矩的影响。得出了在气动伺服加载系统中,摩擦力矩是引起系统多余力矩的重要因素。     

基于欧拉法模拟旋转帽罩水滴撞击特性

基于欧拉两相流理论,对旋转帽罩水滴撞击特性进行了数值模拟。通过引入耗散函数求解水滴相无黏欧拉方程,实现了欧拉法求解三维旋转帽罩的水滴撞击特性。分析了旋转帽罩转速对水滴撞击特性的影响。发现旋转帽罩转速越大,其表面水滴撞击极限稍有减小。在典型飞行条件与气象条件下,离心力对水滴运动轨迹的影响远小于惯性力对其的影响,旋转帽罩转速对水滴撞击特性影响较小。     

复合材料机尾罩减重设计

根据复合材料层压板及夹层结构设计原则提出了某飞机机尾罩复合材料设计方案,结合复合材料强度计算方法进行有限元分析及强度校核。分析结果表明:在满足静强度的前提下,与金属机尾罩相比,复合材料机尾罩重量减少28.4%。     

Capillary flow rate limitation in asymmetry open channel

This paper focuses on the stability of capillary forced flow.In space,open capillary channels are widely used as the liquid and gas separation devices to manage liquid positioning and transportation.Surface collapse happens when the flow rate exceeds the critical value,leading to a failure of propellant management.Knowledge of flow rate limitation is of great significance in design and optimization of propellant management devices(PMDs).However,the capillary flow rate limitation in an asymmetry channel has not been studied yet in the literature.In this paper,by introducing an equivalent angle to convert the asymmetry corner to a symmetry one,the one-dimensional theoretical model is developed.The flow rate limitation can then be investigated as a function of the channel geometry as well as liquid property based on the model.Comparisons between the asymmetry and symmetry channels bring forth the characteristics of the two kinds of channels,and demonstrate good accordance between the new advanced model and the existing one in the literature.This theoretical model can provide valuable reference for PMD designers.     

Automatic differentiation based discrete adjoint method for aerodynamic design optimization on unstructured meshes

A systematic methodology for formulating, implementing, solving and verifying discrete adjoint of the compressible Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations for aerodynamic design optimization on unstructured meshes is proposed. First, a general adjoint formulation is con-structed for the entire optimization problem, including parameterization, mesh deformation, flow solution and computation of the objective function, which is followed by detailed formulations of matrix-vector products arising in the adjoint model. According to this formulation, procedural components of implementing the required matrix-vector products are generated by means of auto-matic differentiation (AD) in a structured and modular manner. Furthermore, a duality-preserving iterative algorithm is employed to solve flow adjoint equations arising in the adjoint model, ensur-ing identical convergence rates for the tangent and the adjoint models. A three-step strategy is adopted to verify the adjoint computation. The proposed method has several remarkable features:the use of AD techniques avoids tedious and error-prone manual derivation and programming;duality is strictly preserved so that consistent and highly accurate discrete sensitivities can be obtained; and comparable efficiency to hand-coded implementation can be achieved. Upon the cur-rent discrete adjoint method, a gradient-based optimization framework has been developed and applied to a drag reduction problem.     

基于原始响应的复杂结构抑振设计

本文用主次结构动态综合的观点来研究复杂结构的抑振设计问题。提出了一种简便实用的设计方法,它不需主结构的激励信息,可直接依据原结构的响应及少数点上的频响函数在现场实施。文中以吸振设计为例,简便地导出了一般结构局部及,全局完全消振的条件,讨论了宽频带响应的吸振问题。最后以计算机模拟及自由梁的抑振实验证实了文中结果。     

开关磁阻调速电动机非线性分析

开关磁阴电机系统是性能优良的新型调速电动机系统。本文阐述了双凸极磁阻电机的非线性二维磁场的数值计算方法,据此进行了系统主电路的非线性网络数字分析,进而作了不同工作条件下的电流波形仿真、系统性能计算及控制参数的优化选择,初步实现了开关磁阻调速电动机系统的计算机辅助分析。并通过所研制的500W样机的具体计算和试验验证,证明计算和实测结果是吻合的。     

关于工业机器人运动学反问题的两种解法

本文发展了求解工业机器人运动学反问题的两种新方法:几何法和迭代法,分别适用于可解和不可解工业机器人的工作空间综合。