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101.
H.P. Roeser F. Hetfleisch F.M. Huber M.F. von Schoenermark M. Stepper A. Moritz A.S. Nikoghosyan 《Acta Astronautica》2008,63(11-12):1372-1375
It is suggested that oxygen excess in undoped material of the high temperature superconducting bismuth family creates periodic two-dimensional Cu3+-ion patches in the copper–oxygen planes. These nanostructures have a size of square and show a strong linear relationship to their critical transition temperatures Tc. 相似文献
102.
J. G. Luhmann D. W. Curtis P. Schroeder J. McCauley R. P. Lin D. E. Larson S. D. Bale J.-A. Sauvaud C. Aoustin R. A. Mewaldt A. C. Cummings E. C. Stone A. J. Davis W. R. Cook B. Kecman M. E. Wiedenbeck T. von Rosenvinge M. H. Acuna L. S. Reichenthal S. Shuman K. A. Wortman D. V. Reames R. Mueller-Mellin H. Kunow G. M. Mason P. Walpole A. Korth T. R. Sanderson C. T. Russell J. T. Gosling 《Space Science Reviews》2008,136(1-4):117-184
The IMPACT (In situ Measurements of Particles And CME Transients) investigation on the STEREO mission was designed and developed to provide multipoint solar wind and suprathermal electron, interplanetary magnetic field, and solar energetic particle information required to unravel the nature of coronal mass ejections and their heliospheric consequences. IMPACT consists of seven individual sensors which are packaged into a boom suite, and a SEP suite. This review summarizes the science objectives of IMPACT, the instruments that comprise the IMPACT investigation, the accommodation of IMPACT on the STEREO twin spacecraft, and the overall data products that will flow from the IMPACT measurements. Accompanying papers in this volume of Space Science Reviews highlight the individual sensor technical details and capabilities, STEREO project plans for the use of IMPACT data, and modeling activities for IMPACT (and other STEREO) data interpretation. 相似文献
103.
Space Science Reviews - 相似文献
104.
R. A. Leske R. A. Mewaldt C. M. S. Cohen A. C. Cummings E. C. Stone M. E. Wiedenbeck T. T. von Rosenvinge 《Space Science Reviews》2007,130(1-4):335-340
Measurements below several MeV/nucleon from Wind/LEMT and ACE/ULEIS show that elements heavier than Zn (Z=30) can be enhanced by factors of ∼100 to 1000, depending on species, in 3He-rich solar energetic particle (SEP) events. Using the Solar Isotope Spectrometer (SIS) on ACE we find that even large SEP
(LSEP) shock-accelerated events at energies from ∼10 to >100 MeV/nucleon are often very iron rich and might contain admixtures
of flare seed material. Studies of ultra-heavy (UH) SEPs (with Z>30) above 10 MeV/nucleon can be used to test models of acceleration and abundance enhancements in both LSEP and 3He-rich events. We find that the long-term average composition for elements from Z=30 to 40 is similar to standard solar system values, but there is considerable event-to-event variability. Although most
of the UH fluence arrives during LSEP events, UH abundances are relatively more enhanced in 3He-rich events, with the (34<Z<40)/O ratio on average more than 50 times higher in 3He-rich events than in LSEP events. At energies >10 MeV/nucleon, the most extreme event in terms of UH composition detected
so far took place on 23 July 2004 and had a (34<Z<40)/O enhancement of ∼250–300 times the standard solar value. 相似文献
105.
Wolfgang Baumjohann Michel Blanc Andrei Fedorov Karl-Heinz Glassmeier 《Space Science Reviews》2010,152(1-4):99-134
The interaction of planets with the solar wind produces a diversity of current systems, yet these can be classified into only a few different types, which include ionospheric currents, currents carried by magnetospheric boundaries like the magnetopause or ionopause, magnetotail currents, and currents flowing inside the magnetospheres, like ring currents, plasma sheet currents and currents aligned to the magnetic field lines (or field-aligned currents). 相似文献
106.
107.
R. Werner K. Stebel H.G. Hansen U.-P. Hoppe M. Gausa R. Kivi P. von der Gathen Y. Orsolini N. Kilifarska 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2011
The geographic area at high latitudes beyond the polar circle is characterized with long darkness during the winter (polar night) and with a long summertime insolation (polar day). Consequentially, the polar vortex is formed and the surrounding strong polar jet is characterized by a strong potential vorticity gradient representing a horizontal transport barrier. The ozone dynamics of the lower and middle stratosphere is controlled both by chemical destruction processes and transport processes. 相似文献
108.
Rabbow E Rettberg P Barczyk S Bohmeier M Parpart A Panitz C Horneck G von Heise-Rotenburg R Hoppenbrouwers T Willnecker R Baglioni P Demets R Dettmann J Reitz G 《Astrobiology》2012,12(5):374-386
The multi-user facility EXPOSE-E was designed by the European Space Agency to enable astrobiology research in space (low-Earth orbit). On 7 February 2008, EXPOSE-E was carried to the International Space Station (ISS) on the European Technology Exposure Facility (EuTEF) platform in the cargo bay of Space Shuttle STS-122 Atlantis. The facility was installed at the starboard cone of the Columbus module by extravehicular activity, where it remained in space for 1.5 years. EXPOSE-E was returned to Earth with STS-128 Discovery on 12 September 2009 for subsequent sample analysis. EXPOSE-E provided accommodation in three exposure trays for a variety of astrobiological test samples that were exposed to selected space conditions: either to space vacuum, solar electromagnetic radiation at >110?nm and cosmic radiation (trays 1 and 3) or to simulated martian surface conditions (tray 2). Data on UV radiation, cosmic radiation, and temperature were measured every 10?s and downlinked by telemetry. A parallel mission ground reference (MGR) experiment was performed on ground with a parallel set of hardware and samples under simulated space conditions. EXPOSE-E performed a successful 1.5-year mission in space. 相似文献
109.
Christoph Lotz Yvonne Wessarges Jörg Hermsdorf Wolfgang Ertmer Ludger Overmeyer 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2018,61(8):1967-1974
Through the striving of humanity into space, new production processes and technologies for the use under microgravity will be essential in the future. Production of objects in space demands for new processes, like additive manufacturing. This paper presents the concept and the realization for a new machine to investigate microgravity production processes on earth. The machine is based on linear long stator drives and a vacuum chamber carrying up to 1000?kg. For the first time high repetition rate and associated low experimental costs can provide basic research. The paper also introduces the substrate-free additive manufacturing as a future research topic and one of our primary application. 相似文献
110.
Wulf von Kries 《Space Policy》1987,3(1)
This article looks at the collaboration between the USA and Europe to develop a permanently manned space station. The US view was initially somewhat conjectural and European involvement has become a matter of dispute. The problem started with President Reagan's vague invitation which has not been followed up. NASA, directed by Congress, has already established a programme to which European contributions would appear as afterthoughts. While, on the other hand, the Europeans have asked for a collaboration, at the same time insisting on separate ownership, jurisdiction, use and control of the elements they intend to provide. 相似文献