Local Path Planning and Tracking Control of Vehicle Collision Avoidance System

Automotive collision avoidance technology can effectively avoid the accidents caused by dangerous traffic conditions or driver's manipulation errors.Moreover,it can promote the development of autonomous driving for intelligent vehicle in intelligent transportation.We present a collision avoidance system,which is composed of an evasive trajectory planner and a path following controller.Considering the stability of the vehicle in the conflict-free process,the evasive trajectory planner is designed by polynomial parametric method and optimized by genetic algorithm.The path following controller is proposed to make the car drive along the designed path by controlling the vehicle's lateral movement.Simulation results show that the vehicle with the proposed controller has good stability in the collision process,and it can ensure the vehicle driving in accordance with the planned trajectory at different speeds.The research results can provide a certain basis for the research and development of automotive collision avoidance technology.     

飞机动态推出控制策略仿真优化模型

机场离港运行的无序化造成滑行过程中的长时间排队等待及大量燃油浪费。为了减少燃油消耗和废气排放,在已有的动态推出控制策略基础上提出了阶梯函数控制策略(Step function,SPC)和非线性函数动态推出策略(Nonlinear function,NPC)的一般形式,以离港成本为目标,建立了基于停机位等待惩罚的动态推出控制模型,在不延误的前提下提出了一种基于网格参数优化的蒙特卡洛仿真优化算法。通过北京首都机场实际运行数据对推出过程进行仿真计算,并与无控制策略以及传统N-control策略的最优可达解进行仿真对比,结果表明:在不延误的前提下,提出的推出策略可以更加有效地降低平均滑行道滑行时间,NPC策略的离港运行成本和燃油成本可降低45.52%和54.23%,SPC虽然成本节省劣于NPC策略,但是其简单的操作方式可以为离港推出调度方式的改进提供决策支持。     

大气环境对直升机旋翼桨-涡干扰噪声辐射特性的影响

建立了一个适用于旋翼桨-涡干扰气动载荷计算的计算流体力学(Computational fluid dynamics,CFD)/自由尾迹耦合模型,为提高计算效率,提出了一种高效的耦合策略进行不同计算域间的信息交换策略。在此基础上,结合基于声类比法的FW-H方程构建了旋翼桨-涡干扰噪声的计算方法。应用所建立的方法,以OLS(Operational loads survey)旋翼为研究对象,深入分析了大气环境对旋翼噪声辐射特性的影响。研究发现:随着飞行高度的增加,旋翼噪声辐射特性发生了明显的改变,逐渐由桨盘前行侧转变为指向桨盘前方,噪声幅值先增大后减小。文中从桨-涡干扰距离、干扰位置变化角度计算分析了大气压力、音速及空气密度等环境参数对旋翼桨-涡干扰噪声辐射特性的影响,并得出了一些有实际意义的影响规律。     

特征自适应的飞机大型蒙皮曲面测量系统与测量规划

针对飞机蒙皮零件外形准确度要求高、制造尺寸大和外形复杂的特点,以及人工手动扫描测量工作量大、效率低的问题,搭建了基于移动机械臂的柔性测量系统,并提出一种特征自适应的多站位自动化扫描规划方法,以实现飞机大型蒙皮曲面的三维测量数据自动化采集。首先构建了柔性测量系统与待测对象坐标系变换模型,分析扫描规划与执行过程中数据的传递关系,并通过视觉定位实现系统相对位姿估计。然后通过特征敏感的扫描路径点生成、效率优化的扫描站位规划以及扫描轨迹规划,实现了基于扫描效率和扫描完整性约束的特征自适应扫描规划。最后,搭建了一个基于机械臂与移动平台的柔性测量系统,并以4个真实飞机零部件作为测量对象,从扫描效率与扫描完整性方面对所提出的自动化扫描方法与手动扫描方法进行对比,并设计试验进一步验证了系统测量精度,结果验证了所提方法替代手动扫描测量方法的可行性。     

基于最小时间的航线选择问题

针对空中航线选择优化问题,分析了空中交通流的特点。结合航班在航线上等待点空中盘旋的情况,考虑从求解空中飞行时间最短的角度,建立了航线网络中航班最小费用流问题的数学模型,给出了求解这种最小费用流的算法。通过航线网络的简单算例,求出了最佳航线以及相应航线流量,说明了模型和算法的具体应用。     

总经理致辞

亲爱的旅客朋友:您好!我谨代表中国国际航空股份有限公司全体员工,欢迎您乘坐国航的航班,并向您致以诚挚的问候!作为中国唯一载国旗飞行的航空公司,国航为旅客的安全出行、方便出行、幸福出行孜孜以求,您信赖国航,选择国航出行,对我们是很大的鼓舞和鞭策。您和广大旅客见证了国航的发展壮大。在世界民航大重组、大融汇的激烈市场竞争中,国航已连续六年荣列     

ACTIVE VIBRATION CONTROL OF TWO-BEAM STRUCTURES

The wave propagation approach is presented to research the active vibration control of two-beam structures.Considering the continuity of the generalized displacement and the equilibrium of the generalized force at the discontinuity,the wave reflection and transmission coefficients are calculated.Wave control is applied somewhere upstream or downstream to two-beam structures.Vibrations of two coupled beams per unit disturbance are investigated.The results show that wave control is efficient,and the influence of the thickness ratio of two-beam structures on control location is discussed.     

SIMULATION OF COMPOSITE NON-LINEAR MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF CMCS BY FEM-BASED MULTI- SCALE APPROACH

The non-linear behavior of continuous fiber reinforced C/SiC ceramic matrix composites （CMCs） under tensile loading is modeled by three-dimensional representative volume element （RVE） models of the composite. The theoretical background of the multi-scale approach solved by the finite element method （FEM） is recalled first- ly. Then the geometric characters of three kinds of damage mechanisms, i.e. micro matrix cracks, fiber/matrix interface debonding and fiber fracture, are studied. Three kinds of RVE are proposed to model the microstructure of C/SiC with above damage mechanisms respectively. The matrix cracking is modeled by critical matrix strain en- ergy （CMSE） principle while a maximum shear stress criterion is used for modeling fiber/matrix interface debond- ing. The behavior of fiber fracture is modeled by the famous Weibull statistic theory. A numerical example of con- tinuous fiber reinforced C/SiC composite under tensile loading is performed. The results show that the stress/ strain curve predicted by the developed model agrees with experimental data.     

70kN载荷应变天平校准系统研制进展

研制了70kN量级的应变天平校准系统,以满足2m量级高速风洞测力试验天平的静态校准需求。70kN载荷应变天平校准系统基于传统的单元校准方法,采用四自由度复位式体轴系自动校准方案,加载力源为标准砝码,采用砝码独立控制技术的自动加载装置实现天平校准载荷的自动加载。砝码产生的重力通过双十字铰链施力定位装置和刚性加载头准确地传递到天平上,无间隙复位传动机构可以保证天平的精确复位。建成后的校准系统可满足20～70kN量程范围的杆式天平和环式天平等不同类型天平的校准需求。     

圆柱尾流中眼镜蛇探针与热线的性能对比

在雷诺数为7200的圆柱尾流中对眼镜蛇探针与热线的测量结果进行了详细对比,主要包括:时均速度、雷诺应力、概率密度函数、自相关函数和能谱等。从对比结果可以发现眼镜蛇探针数据的拒绝率随湍流度增大而增大,但在本实验中其对时均测量结果无明显影响。尽管眼镜蛇探针数据有效率在95%以上,但相对于热线其明显高估了雷诺应力。尤其是主雷诺剪切应力u*v*,眼镜蛇探针与热线测量结果的差异要显著大于两者在雷诺正应力上的测量差异。由于无法反映高频随机脉动的影响,眼镜蛇探针所测信号自相关系数的周期性明显强于热线。眼镜蛇探针对速度u和v的响应存在区别,使得两者能谱在惯性子区内有显著差异,不能像热线一样反映出惯性子区内小尺度湍流的各向同性。