嵌入式大气数据测量系统技术研究进展

针对高超声速飞行器大气数据测量问题，对嵌入式大气数据测量系统(FADS)技术研究背景、发展历程、国内外研究现状等进行了概括。重点围绕FADS关键技术、FADS解算算法及面向FADS/INS组合测量系统信息融合算法方面，对FADS技术进行了深入的剖析。最后，展望了FADS技术未来的发展方向及应用前景。     

植物细胞响应重力变化的Ca2+信号

重力大小的改变(微重力和超重力)可以对植物的生长发育、生理生化特性、细胞超微结构、基因和蛋白的表达等产生广泛的影响,而Ca~(2+)可能在此过程中起信号物质的作用.重力刺激在植物细胞中引发事件的顺序可能是:重力刺激的感受—细胞膜系统张力改变—膜理化特性改变—膜透性、离子转运、膜连接酶活性等改变—Ca~(2+)信号的产生和转导—新陈代谢变化—生理反应.植物对重力水平变化应激响应的至关重要一步是引起细胞内Ca~(2+)分布区域和浓度的变化,这是将细胞外重力刺激转换为细胞内化学信号的关键步骤.由于机械力敏感的C~(2+)通道的活化和Ca~(2+)-ATPase酶活性受到抑制,重力改变时细胞质中自由Ca~(2+)浓度增加,随后Ca~(2+)作为第二信使介导相关酶活性发生改变,最终引起一连串的生理生化反应.本文探讨了重力变化对植物细胞质内自由Ca~(2+)浓度的影响、Ca~(2+)信号的产生机制.以及Ca~(2+)作为次级信号对细胞生理生化过程调节作用的途径和机制,介绍了常用的Ca~(2+)研究方法,并分析了研究的关键点和难点.     

Nostoc sphaeroides Kützing,an excellent candidate producer for CELSS

Some phytoplankton can be regarded as possible candidates in the establishment of Controlled Ecological Life Support System (CELSS) for some intrinsic characteristics, the first characteristic is that they should grow rapidly, secondly, they should be able to endure some stress factors and develop some corresponding adaptive strategies; also it is very important that they could provide food rich in nutritious protein and vitamins for the crew; the last but not the least is they can also fulfill the other main functions of CELSS, including supplying oxygen, removing carbon dioxide and recycling the metabolic waste. According to these characteristics, Nostoc sphaeroides, a potential healthy food in China, was selected as the potential producer in CELSS. It was found that the oxygen average evolution rate of this algae is about 150 μmol O₂ mg⁻¹ h⁻¹, and the size of them are ranged from 2 to 20 mm. Also it can be cultured with high population density, which indicated that the potential productivity of Nostoc sphaeroides is higher than other algae in limited volume. We measured the nutrient contents of the cyanobacterium and concluded it was a good food for the crew. Based on above advantages, Nostoc sphaeroides was assumed to a suitable phytoplankton for the establishment of Controlled Ecological Life Support System. We plan to develop suitable bioreactor with the cyanobacterium for supplying oxygen and food in future space missions.     

直纹二次曲面的实时成像算法

基于二次曲面的等灰度实时成像原理，将二次曲面分成直纹面和非直纹面两类，针对直纹曲面等灰度线的特点，提出了一种非常简洁、有效的二次直纹曲面的实时成像算法。该算法不仅大大提高了这类曲面的成像速度，而且简化了它与其他二次曲面图元拼接形体的实时成像处理过程。     

基于有效中转时间预测的不正常航班恢复技术

不正常航班恢复问题研究通常基于固定航班中转时间，忽视了实际航班中转时间的改变对航班恢复带来的影响。对此，依据全国235个机场的全部运营航班数据抽取机场-航班特征，构建了基于LightGBM的航班中转时间预测模型，预测航班的有效中转时间，数值结果显示，航班中转时间预测模型预测的均方根误差为6.783 min。构造了基于有效中转时间的不正常航班恢复模型，并针对性地设计了求解该模型的列向量生成算法，构造的模型通过取消、改变计划时间、更换飞机等方式，分别在最小化航班延误时间、取消个数、换飞机个数的目标下，解决机场流量下降、机场关闭、飞机维修等不正常条件下的航班恢复问题。通过航空公司实际运行数据测试证明，基于有效中转时间预测的不正常航班恢复技术有效，在大规模航班恢复的情况下，可以将总延误时间减少34.2%。将列向量生成算法与时空网络算法的结果进行对比，所提出的恢复方法能降低航班恢复代价。      

修正Rodrigues参数在飞行器定姿中的应用(英文)

There are two attitude estimation algorithms based on the different representations of attitude errors when modified Rodrigues parameters are applied to attitude estimation. The first is multiplicative error attitude estimator （MEAE）, whose attitude error is expressed by the modified Rodrigues parameters representing the rotation from the estimated to the true attitude. The second is subtractive error attitude estimator （SEAE）, whose attitude error is expressed by the arithmetic difference between the true and the estimated attitudes. It is proved that the two algorithms are equivalent in the case of small attitude errors. It is possible to describe rotation without encountering singularity by switching between the modified Rodrigues parameters and their shadow parameters. The attitude parameter switching does not bring disturbance to MEAE, but it does to SEAE. This article introduces a modification to eliminate the disturbance on SEAE, and simulation results demonstrate the efficacy of the presented algorithm.     

PAC,PAM复合絮凝剂处理不同浊度水的动力学和机理研究

本文系统了无机高分子铝盐ＰＡＣ与有机高分子ＰＡＭ复合絮凝剂处理不同浊度水的絮凝效果、性能和机理。测定了最佳投药量、最佳水力条件及余浊变化、密度变化等，并一微摄影后摄了絮凝过程不同阶段的矾花大小。为管式絮凝器用于处理不同浊度术的设计研制提供了理论依据。 处     

计量保障资源参数评定

从计量保障效能评估的需求出发，探讨计量保障资源参数，并对其进行了分类定义。提出的计量保障资源参数评定的指标体系，是基于对计量保障工作经验的总结。