航空发动机管路支撑用钢丝绳隔振器仿真研究

通过钢丝绳材料非线性研究,用弹塑性随动硬化材料模型来描述钢丝绳的本构关系。以有限元理论为基础,建立钢丝绳隔振器的有限元模型,利用有限元分析软件ANSYS进行钢丝绳隔振器的性能仿真。由仿真结果可以看出,钢丝绳隔振器具有强烈的非线性滞迟特性和刚度软化特性,同时具有大阻尼特性,并且在大变形幅值下也能保持较好的阻尼性能。通过与实验研究结果对比,验证了仿真结果的正确性,从而为钢丝绳类干摩擦阻尼隔振器有限元仿真分析奠定了良好的基础。     

LRU可靠性评估仿真模型及实例分析

目前,有关航空维修中出现的高故障率现场可更换单元(LRU)的可靠性评估和LRU 故障组件定位等方面的研究仍鲜有报道,为此设计一种适用于LRU“更换维修暠策略的可靠性评估仿真模型,详细介绍模型中各个功能模块的设计原理和实现方法、步骤,并以某型军用飞机液压系统中常见的高故障率LRU 为例,对模型进行应用分析。结果表明:该仿真模型在LRU 可靠性评估中具有可行性和普遍适用性。     

Dynamics and de-spin control of massive target by single tethered space tug

This paper investigates the dynamics and de-spin control of a massive target by a single tethered space tug in the post-capture phase. The dynamic model of the tethered system is derived and simplified to a dimensionless form. Further, a decoupled PD controller is proposed, and the local stability of the controller is analyzed by linearization technique. Parametric studies of the dynamics and de-spin control of a massive target are conducted to characterize the dynamic process of de-spin with the proposed control law. It is shown that the massive target can be de-span by a single and small space tug with limited thrust within finite time. The thrust tangent with the tether de-spins the target while the thrust normal to the tether prevents the tether from winding up the target. The tether length has a positive contribution to the de-spin of a target. The longer tether leads to a faster de-spin process.     

An evolutionary computational framework for capacity-safety trade-off in an air transportation network

Airspace safety and airport capacity are two key challenges to sustain the growth in Air Transportation. In this paper, we model the Air Transportation Network as two sub-networks of airspace and airports, such that the safety and capacity of the overall Air Transportation network emerge from the interaction between the two. We propose a safety-capacity trade-off approach,using a computational framework, where the two networks can inter-act and the trade-off between capacity and safety in an Air Transport Network can be established. The framework comprise of an evolutionary computation based air traffic scenario generation using a flow capacity estimation module(for capacity), Collision risk estimation module(for safety) and an air traffic simulation module(for evaluation). The proposed methodology to evolve air traffic scenarios such that it minimizes collision risk for given capacity estimation was tested on two different air transport network topologies(random and small-world) with the same number of airports. Experimental results indicate that though airspace collision risk increases almost linearly with the increasing flow(flow intensity) in the corresponding airport network, the critical flow depend on the underlying network configuration. It was also found that, in general, the capacity upper bound depends not only on the connectivity among airports and their individual performances but also the configuration of waypoints and mid-air interactions among conflicts. Results also show that airport network can accommodate more traffic in terms of capacity but the corresponding airspace network cannot accommodate the resulting traffic flow due to the bounds on collision risk.     

一种新的极值搜索算法及其在航空发动机燃烧主动控制中的应用

 针对航空发动机存在的不稳定燃烧控制问题,推导出当发动机不稳定燃烧时,燃烧室内的振荡压力与平均燃空比值之间的函数模型,此函数模型构建了压力振荡变化的幅值与平均燃空比值之间的极值关系。提出了一种新颖的退火递归神经网络极值搜索算法,可以自适应地搜寻出极值模型中最优的平均燃空比值,实现对燃烧室内压力振荡变化的最小幅值控制,并有效地抑制了燃烧室的不稳定燃烧现象。通过仿真对比,验证了方法的有效性。     

复杂背景下红外弱小运动目标检测的新方法

提出了一种用于检测不同类型复杂背景下红外弱小运动目标的新方法。该方法能够根据图像信息自动选择背景预测算子;同时,针对不同类型复杂背景中目标和背景特性的差异,提出了“局部小目标可辨识度”的概念,并定义了一种有效的方法将其量化。在此基础上,采用蒙特卡罗实验方法构造了一种新的阈值函数,实现了单帧目标的检测,然后采用移动加权管道滤波提取目标的运动轨迹。实验结果表明,该方法对不同类型复杂背景的红外弱小运动目标具有很好的检测性能。     

具有多层反射结构的柔性纳米隔热材料

将纳米多孔结构和多层反射屏引入柔性隔热毡中,设计出一种具有多层反射结构的柔性纳米隔热材料,并结合材料的微观结构对其隔热机理进行了分析.结果表明:多层反射屏抑制了材料的红外辐射传热量,纳米多孔结构降低了气体导热和对流传热,有效地提高了材料的隔热性能.     

“天行者”小型无人直升机自主飞行控制系统设计

介绍了上海交通大学"天行者"小型无人直升机自主飞行控制系统的设计及实现技术。首先引入了德国柏林工业大学基于牛顿力学建立的小型无人直升机动力学模型,然后基于此模型设计了直升机飞行姿态控制器。之后引入一种针对二次积分模型基于期望响应轨迹设计控制器的控制算法,文中简称为MTC,设计实现了直升机飞行位置的不超调控制和飞行速度控制。实际飞行控制试验结果验证了飞行控制算法的有效性。仿真试验表明,基于MTC算法所设计的飞行导引点方法,可用于实现多航点路径的不减速连续曲线轨迹的飞行控制。     

预拉伸条件下铝合金焊接残余应力的数值模拟

利用ANSYS有限元分析软件,通过APDL语言编程,实现了不同预拉伸应力条件下铝合金平板对接焊过程中,温度场及应力场的模拟分析.计算结果表明,预拉伸焊接法可以有效地控制焊接残余应力,随着预拉伸应力的增大,其焊后残余应力值逐渐减小.当预拉伸应力σP从0增加到90%σ0.2时,纵向残余应力降低了85.6%.模拟分析结果与实验测试结果基本吻合.     

莫来石纤维增强疏水SiO2气凝胶的制备

以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为硅源,三甲基氯硅烷(TMCS)为改性剂,经老化、表面疏水改性,常压干燥制备了莫来石纤维增强SiO2气凝胶隔热材料.用FT-IR、SEM、TG-DSC对其疏水特性及结构进行表征.结果表明:经常压干燥制备的莫来石纤维增强SiO2气凝胶隔热材料,微观上具有典型的气凝胶结构特征,宏观上保持其功能材料的完整性.