Identification and status of design improvements to the NASA Shuttle EMU for International Space Station application

To meet the significant increase in EVA demand to support assembly and operations of the International Space Station (ISS), NASA and industry have improved the current Shuttle Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU), or "space suit", configuration to meet the unique and specific requirements of an orbital-based system. The current Shuttle EMU was designed to be maintained and serviced on the ground between frequent Shuttle flights. ISS will require the EMUs to meet increased EVAs out of the Shuttle Orbiter and to remain on orbit for up to 180 days without need for regular return to Earth for scheduled maintenance or refurbishment. Ongoing Shuttle EMU improvements have increased reliability, operational life and performance while minimizing ground and on-orbit maintenance cost and expendable inventory. Modifications to both the anthropomorphic mobility elements of the Space Suit Assembly (SSA) as well as to the Primary Life Support System (PLSS) are identified and discussed. This paper also addresses the status of on-going Shuttle EMU improvements and summarizes the approach for increasing interoperability of the U.S. and Russian space suits to be utilized aboard the ISS.     

The Brazilian scientific microsatellite SACI-1

The National Space Research Institute (INPE) is developing the first Brazilian Scientific Microsatellite (SACI-1) based on the vanguard technology and on the experience acquired through projects developed by Brazilian Space Program. The SACI-1 is a 750km polar orbit satellite. The spacecraft will combine spin stabilization with geomagnetic control and has a total mass of 60 kg. The overall dimensions are 640×470×470 mm. The SACI-1 satellite shall be launched together with CBERS (China-Brazil Earth Resource Satellite). Its platform is being designed for multiple mission applications. The Brazilian Academy of Sciences has selected four scientific payloads that characterize the mission. The scientific experiments are: ORCAS (Solar and Anomalous Cosmic Rays Observation in the Magnetosphere), PLASMEX (Study of Plasma Bubbles), FOTSAT (Airglow Photometer), and MAGNEX (Geomagnetic Experiment).     

Characteristics and formation of amino acids and hydroxy acids of the Murchison meteorite.

Eight characteristics of the unique suite of amino acids and hydroxy acids found in the Murchison meteorite can be recognized on the basis of detailed molecular and isotopic analyses. The marked structural correspondence between the alpha-amino acids and alpha-hydroxy acids and the high deuterium/hydrogen ratio argue persuasively for their formation by aqueous phase Strecker reactions in the meteorite parent body from presolar, i.e., interstellar, aldehydes, ketones, ammonia, and hydrogen cyanide. The characteristics of the meteoritic suite of amino acids and hydroxy acids are briefly enumerated and discussed with regard to their consonance with this interstellar-parent body formation hypothesis. The hypothesis has interesting implications for the organic composition of both the primitive parent body and the presolar nebula.     

Continuous tracking of cmes using MICA, andLASCO C2 and C3 coronagraphs

In this work we have tracked coronal mass ejections observed with the ground based Mirror Coronagraph for Argentina (MICA) and the Large Angle and Spectroscopic Coronagraph (LASCO) C2 and C3 on board of the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO). The MICA telescope is located at El Leoncito (31.8 S, 69.3 W), San Juan (Argentina), since 1997 as part of a bilateral scientific project between Germany and Argentina. SOHO is a project of international cooperation between ESA and NASA. Together these instruments are able to observe the solar corona ranging from 1.05 to 32 solar radii. MICA images the Fe XIV emission line corona and LASCO coronagraphs observe the Thomson scattered white light corona. We have selected events for which there are observations from the three coronagraphs. Using the composite data we were able to obtain height-time diagrams for the corresponding dynamical coronal features traveling outwards in order to determine some of their kinematical properties, i.e., plane of sky velocity and acceleration.     

图象压缩技术的发展

图象压缩是信息领域发展中的关键技术之一,本文综述了图象压缩技术的发展,论述了各发展阶段的基本压缩原理、特点及主要实用方法的优缺点。对80年代后期新发展的分数维压缩方法的有关概念、方法及现状着重作了论述。分数维图象压缩方法与VLSI技术的结合,将会对未来的遥感、通讯、导航及一切与图象有关的领域产生重大影响。     

过程体系结构

从系统论的观点出发，明确定义了过程工程领域的基本概念，定义了过程体系结构，采用了一个扩充的ＣＯＳＭＯＳ模型，以支持灵活的过程建模，并在此基础上讨论了过程的工程化支持。     

分形图象学的发展

简述分形几何基本概念及其在图象领域中的应用，包括随机分形模型、混沌动态系统中的分形及迭代函数系统分形模型及其典型应用。     

Comparing the improved Di Giovanni/Radicella model with sounding-based electron density profiles and with the IRI model

The Di Giovanni/Radicella model (DGR) /1/ determines a bottom side electron densty profile alone from the set of routinely scaled ionogram parameters foE, foF1, foF2 and M(3000)F2 and the total electron content; the smoothed sunspot number R12 appears in the calculation. Present designations are DGR2/2/ and DRR3 /3/ [see Appendix]; they are valid in the northern hemisphere. DGR is compared with electron density profiles derived from ionograms obtained at Juliusruh (54.6°N, 13.4°E), and with the (URSI-based) IRI90 at different conditiones. Experimental total electron content (TEC) data are compared to both models. At the considered station, the profiles obtained by both models are reasonably in agreement amongst themselves and with the experimental data.

The TEC derived from the DGR3 model is in good agreement with experimental TEC, whereas, at high solar activity, IRI90 gives too high TEC values, especially during daytime.     

考虑二次流影响的压缩系统稳定性模型

利用Ａｄｋｉｎｓ－Ｓｍｉｔｈ二次流模型计算得到转子出口截面落后角沿叶高的变化。在压缩系统稳定性模型中考虑叶尖流面落后的角影响，并提出一个新的时滞参数计算公式，计算结果表明，落后角的大小对压缩系统的稳定性影响很大，同时揭示了叶尖间隙对压缩系统稳定性的影响。     

相检宽带测频仪器的扩展使用

基于“相位重合点”检测方法的相检宽带测频等新技术已经越来越多地应用于各种晶体振荡器的调试、高准确度测频和频标比对中，一般情况下，以这些技术设计的仪器会获得比同类型普通仪器高一千多倍的测量准确度，而在使用得当时还会获得更高的准确度并且会有更广泛的用途，在对这类仪器的原理作更深入分析的基础上，探讨了对它们的各种扩展使用方法，对于有关新技术的推广应用具有很大的实用价值。