X射线平板探测器数字成像及其图像校准

为了提高X射线数字成像系统的图像质量,以基于平板探测器的X射线数字照相系统为研究对象,介绍了平板探测器自身影响图像质量的4大因素:随机噪声,偏置误差,像元响应不一致性和瑕疵像元等,分析了这些因素的成因及其对图像质量的影响,提出了相应的减小和消除这些影响的图像校准方法.实验结果表明:运用这些图像校准方法,可以有效地去除上述因素对图像质量的影响,显著提高平板探测器输出图像的质量,为后续图像判读奠定了良好的基础.      

亚音压气机平面叶栅内流动的声激励试验研究

针对非定常两代流型理论的验证展开了大量的试验研究工作.为了简化同时又能抓住问题的本质,试验研究首先从平面叶栅风洞上起步.在测得各个工况下叶栅后旋涡脱落特征频率的基础上,采用声激励的试验手段,系统研究了非定常扰动之间的相互作用.通过加激励前后总压损失的对比、流场特征参数频谱图的对比和具体气动参数的对比,证实了合理组织各个非定常扰动的相互作用可以提升叶栅的气动性能,说明了"非定常耦合流型"在叶轮机中存在的可能性.     

硅谐振式压力微传感器闭环系统

硅谐振压力微传感器在自激振荡回路中采取电阻热激励、电阻拾振时得到的信号,由于有用信号本身的量级小,因而含有严重的同频干扰信号(耦合激励信号),信噪比SNR (Signal Noise Ratio)仅为10^-3数量级.为了提高信噪比,滤除同频干扰,多级放大之后的处理中将锁相环PLL(Phase-Locked Loop)工作原理和分频技术相结合,由锁相环输出作为传感器的激励和鉴相相关信号,搭建硅谐振压力微传感器闭环自激振荡回路.结果表明:采用锁相分频技术的微传感器闭环系统能可靠运行,信噪比低的问题得到了很好解决.     

智能化战术任务管理系统研究

从感知、评价、决策的认知过程研究了现代军机战术任务管理系统的结构、组成和功能,重点研究了态势评估和任务规划两个关键子系统.建立了基于贝叶斯网络和模糊逻辑推理的态势评估算法及威胁评估模型,采用贝叶斯网络对威胁级别进行了评估,运用模糊逻辑对各威胁源的相对重要性进行了推理,实现了对威胁源威胁级别和相对重要性的连续动态评估.研究了基于动态A^*算法的战术飞机飞行路径在线实时规划问题,实现了态势评估与路径规划两子系统之间的集成.研究结果表明了该系统方案和算法的有效性,任务规划系统能够自适应战场态势的变化.     

大型军用运输机的飞行航迹优化

军用运输机通常在紧急情况下执行空运任务,应以时间成本作为此类飞机垂直剖面飞行航迹的优化指标.将飞行时间按上升、巡航和下滑3个阶段进行分解,采用能量状态法简化飞机质点运动方程,将优化指标转化为等效能量形式.优化巡航段参数,采用最小值原理分别完成纵向最优剖面上升和下滑飞行航迹的优化.仿真结果表明:军用运输机在上升段采用各高度的最大可用速度上升,在低于升限的某高度以最大飞行速度巡航,在下滑段采用各高度的最大可用速度下降时,全剖面飞行时间最短.研究结果对提高大型军用运输机在可能存在威胁的前线环境下的运输效率和飞行安全性等均具有一定的实用参考价值.     

显示界面字符编码工效设计与分析

针对人机显示界面中字符编码的工效设计问题,以封闭模拟驾驶舱为基础,采用32名被试开展静态模拟实验,选取反应时间和反应正确率为工效评价指标,得出不同光照水平、颜色匹配和字符高度下显示界面呈现的中文、英文、数字及符号的辨识绩效.实验结果表明:中/英文、数字和普通符号的辨识绩效差异显著;0~600 lx范围内4个水平光照变化对字符编码辨识绩效影响较小;颜色匹配方式对字符编码辨识绩效影响显著,黄/白、绿/青的字符/背景色匹配方式辨识绩效较差,在字符编码设计中尽量避免使用.通过实验结论及对实验数据的深入分析,建立显示界面字符编码设计的数学模型,为飞机驾驶舱人机显示界面编码设计提供参考.     

Response of Hainan GPS ionospheric scintillations to the different strong magnetic storm conditions

Using the GPS ionospheric scintillation data at Hainan station (19.5°N, 109.1°E) in the eastern Asia equatorial regions and relevant ionospheric and geomagnetic data from July 2003 to June 2005, we investigate the response of L-band ionospheric scintillation activity over this region to different strong magnetic storm conditions (Dst < −100 nT) during the descending phase of the solar cycle. These strong storms and corresponding scintillations mainly took place in winter and summer seasons. When the main phase developed rapidly and reached the maximum near 20–21 LT (LT = UT + 8) after sunset, scintillations might occur in the following recovery phase. When the main phase maximum occurred shortly after midnight near 01–02 LT, following the strong scintillations in the pre-midnight main phase, scintillations might also occur in the post-midnight recovery phase. When the main phase maximum took place after 03 LT to the early morning hours no any scintillation could be observed in the latter of the night. Moreover, when the main phase maximum occurred during the daytime hours, scintillations could also hardly be observed in the following nighttime recovery phase, which might last until the end of recovery phase. Occasionally, scintillations also took place in the initial phase of the storm. During those scintillations associated with the nighttime magnetic storms, the height of F layer base (h’F) was evidently increased. However, the increase of F layer base height does not always cause the occurrence of scintillations, which indicates the complex interaction of various disturbance processes in ionosphere and thermosphere systems during the storms.