Field formation around negatively biased solar arrays in the LEO-plasma

Heavy emission caused by impacting plasma ions results in a fast discharging effect of the initially large surface potentials on the dielectric solar cells. This eventually counteracts the energization process of the plasma ions to the cover glasses and leaves no significant electric fields. Thus, with an existing thermal plasma, electrons are again able to reach dielectric surfaces. Strong localized electric fields of the order of several 10 kV/cm form near the interconnector-cover glass interface.     

人体分层媒质内的微波聚焦场

本文是近年来在微波聚焦热疗人体深部癌病灶研究工作推动下完成的。文中给出了光学及电磁学界感兴趣的某些结果。在人体分层媒质前的一有限口径处,置一时谐电流分布,在每一分层内的微波传输场及反射场可利用传输矩阵及并矢格林函数给出计算结果。     

求解含多个右端向量非对称线性方程组的自适应块拟最小残量IOM(q)算法

许多实际应用问题需要求解含多个右端向量的大型非对称线性方程组 ,通常是把原来方程组分成单独几个含一个右端向量的方程组 ,再用某种迭代法分别单个求解 ,而更加经济有效的方法是应用能同时产生几个迭代向量的块迭代法来直接求解。本文在 IOM(q)算法的基础上 ,提出一种求解此类方程组的块拟最小残量 IOM(q)算法 ,讨论了如何收缩掉已收敛的部分方程组以及如何从产生的块 Krylov序列中删除线性相关或几乎线性相关向量的自适应技术。数值试验表明 ,此新的自适应块算法比块 GMRES算法及其他相关算法具有更好的收敛行为、更少的计算量和 CPU计算时间 ,是求解此类方程组的一种更加经济有效的算法。     

质量管理体系建设必须与企业发展战略相适应

提出了质量管理体系建设中存在的问题和解决途径,对不同企业发展战略的质量管理体系进行了比较,指出了质量管理体系建设必须与企业发展战略相适应。     

激光气体氮化参量对TA2钛合金表面形态和硬度的影响

激光气体氮化TA2钛合金时,氮化区表面形态和硬度受激光加工参量影响很大。在不同的激光氮化参量作用下,氮化区内熔体的对流形式和程度不同,使TA2钛合金表面形态呈现不同的特征。激光氮化后,TA2钛合金表面硬度提高。氮化区域内生成硬质相TiN是TA2钛合金表面硬度得到提高的主要原因。     

液冷头盔致冷效能的医学研究

在45℃高温条件下,应用液冷头盔给10名被试者的头颈部致冷,散热效能较高,可带走安静时30.9％～48.3％的代谢产热。降低身体的热蓄积,减少出汗,减慢心率、直肠温度和皮肤温度的上升速率。对头颈部致冷可降低身体的热紧张度50％～70％,明显改善对温热的舒适感觉。同时表明,致冷液温、流量及液流走向,对致冷效能均有显著影响。为液冷头盔及致冷装置的设计,提供了医学实验依据。     

High Dynamic GPS Receiver Using Maximum Likelihood Estimationand Frequency Tracking

A new high dynamic global positioning system (GPS) receiver ispresented and its performance characterized by analysis,simulation, and demonstration. The demonstration receiver is abreadboard model capable of tracking a single simulated satellitesignal in pseudorange and range rate. Pseudorange and range rateestimates are made once every 20 ms, using a maximum likelihoodestimator, and are tracked by means of a third-order fadingmemory filter in a feedback configuration. The receiver trackspseudorange with rms errors of under 1 m when subjected tosimulated 50 g, 40 g/s circular trajectories. The tracking thresholdis approximately 28 dB·Hz, which provides 12 dB margin relativethe the minimum specified signal strength, assuming 3.5 dB systemnoise figure and 0 dB antenna gain.     

A bioreactor system for the nitrogen loop in a Controlled Ecological Life Support System.

As space missions become longer in duration, the need to recycle waste into useful compounds rises dramatically. This problem can be addressed by the development of Controlled Ecological Life Support Systems (CELSS) (i.e., Engineered Closed/Controlled Eco-Systems (ECCES)), consisting of human and plant modules. One of the waste streams leaving the human module is urine. In addition to the reclamation of water from urine, recovery of the nitrogen is important because it is an essential nutrient for the plant module. A 3-step biological process for the recycling of nitrogenous waste (urea) is proposed. A packed-bed bioreactor system for this purpose was modeled, and the issues of reaction step segregation, reactor type and volume, support particle size, and pressure drop were addressed. Based on minimization of volume, a bioreactor system consisting of a plug flow immobilized urease reactor, a completely mixed flow immobilized cell reactor to convert ammonia to nitrite, and a plug flow immobilized cell reactor to produce nitrate from nitrite is recommended. It is apparent that this 3-step bioprocess meets the requirements for space applications.     

Dose equivalent, absorbed dose and charge spectrum investigation in low Earth orbit.

Particle intensity, dose equivalent and absorbed dose have been measured on board the space shuttle Endeavour during STS-108 in December 2001 by Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies (DIAS). The dose estimates are based on very accurate measurements of recoils produced in CR-39 by cosmic ray primary and secondary protons and heavier nuclei and by secondary neutrons. The corresponding LET spectra were used to determine dose equivalent and absorbed dose values. Estimates of the total flux of Z > or = 2 nuclei have been undertaken and a preliminary charge spectrum was measured. Some comparisons are made with preliminary data obtained on STS-105 (ISS Expedition) and other missions using CR-39 detectors.