Determination of land surface temperature using precipitable water based Split-Window and Artificial Neural Network in Turkey

Land surface temperature (LST) calculation utilizing satellite thermal images is very difficult due to the great temporal variance of atmospheric water vapor in the atmosphere which strongly affects the thermal radiance incoming to satellite sensors. In this study, Split-Window (SW) and Radial Basis Function (RBF) methods were utilized for prediction of LST using precipitable water for Turkey. Coll 94 Split-Window algorithm was modified using regional precipitable water values estimated from upper-air Radiosond observations for the years 1990–2007 and Local Split-Window (LSW) algorithms were generated for the study area. Using local algorithms and Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) data, monthly mean daily sum LST values were calculated. In RBF method latitude, longitude, altitude, surface emissivity, sun shine duration and precipitable water values were used as input variables of the structure. Correlation coefficients between estimated and measured LST values were obtained as 99.23% (for RBF) and 94.48% (for LSW) at 00:00 UTC and 92.77% (for RBF) and 89.98% (for LSW) at 12:00 UTC. These meaningful statistical results suggest that RBF and LSW methods could be used for LST calculation.     

摄影测量技术及其在航天器变形测量中的应用

文章介绍了摄影测量技术的测量原理,系统调研了近年来摄影测量技术在国内外航天器变形测量领域的发展概况,分析总结了该技术的发展趋势和关键技术,并结合我国的具体国情提出了当前变形测量技术发展的建议,为我国在航天器大型复杂部件微变形测量技术的发展提供借鉴和参考。     

一种基于激光雷达的航天器隐藏点测量方法

为保证航天器各系统的仪器安装满足在轨姿态、轨道控制等要求,需对其安装位置及姿态进行检测,但一些隐藏的目标却无法直接测得。文章提出了一种基于激光雷达测量系统的隐藏点测量方法,针对激光雷达测量坐标系的建立以及应用高精度平面镜进行隐藏点测量进行了数学模型的分析,并对测量系统的不确定度进行了评估。结果表明,在保持测量环境稳定的情况下,应用激光雷达进行航天器隐藏点测量的标准不确定度优于0.1071 mm。     

一种提高我国空间站中继测控覆盖率的方法

根据中继卫星的定点位置,对我国中继卫星-空间站的几何覆盖率进行了分析,并对提高空间站中继测控覆盖率的途径进行了研究,提出了一种采用不同舱段的2副中继天线融合使用,并通过调整天线安装布局提高中继测控覆盖率的方法。经理论分析和仿真验证,该方法能够有效地提高空间站中继测控覆盖率,可为我国空间站中继天线的安装布局设计提供参考。     

遥感载荷通用数据处理平台设计与实现

针对遥感载荷下行数据流设计不一致问题,提出了一种遥感载荷地面数据处理平台的设计思路和实现方法,对遥感载荷数据流模型描述和任务指令建立等关键技术进行了分析。该方法构建的系统通过配置能够适应不同遥感载荷数据流结构,具备通用性。系统主要处理节点采用刀片服务器完成运算,各个处理节点之间松耦合,实现了插件式部署,可供多节点复杂结构处理系统设计时参考。     

卫星射频接收机电磁兼容防护设计方法

射频接收机是卫星测控、导航、有效载荷等分系统的重要组成设备,也是对电磁干扰最为敏感的设备,在对卫星进行电磁兼容性（EMC）设计时,必须充分考虑射频接收机的EMC防护,以保证其在卫星电测、发射和在轨运行时能够在其所处电磁环境中正常工作.文章描述了卫星射频接收机典型的EMC防护设计方法,从屏蔽、电磁泄露防护和天线耦合防护等方面进行了阐述.     

Rapid design and optimization of low-thrust rendezvous/interception trajectory for asteroid deflection missions

Asteroid deflection techniques are essential in order to protect the Earth from catastrophic impacts by hazardous asteroids. Rapid design and optimization of low-thrust rendezvous/interception trajectories is considered as one of the key technologies to successfully deflect potentially hazardous asteroids. In this paper, we address a general framework for the rapid design and optimization of low-thrust rendezvous/interception trajectories for future asteroid deflection missions. The design and optimization process includes three closely associated steps. Firstly, shape-based approaches and genetic algorithm (GA) are adopted to perform preliminary design, which provides a reasonable initial guess for subsequent accurate optimization. Secondly, Radau pseudospectral method is utilized to transcribe the low-thrust trajectory optimization problem into a discrete nonlinear programming (NLP) problem. Finally, sequential quadratic programming (SQP) is used to efficiently solve the nonlinear programming problem and obtain the optimal low-thrust rendezvous/interception trajectories. The rapid design and optimization algorithms developed in this paper are validated by three simulation cases with different performance indexes and boundary constraints.     

四轴飞行器姿态监控系统设计

设计了一套四轴飞行器上位机监控系统。针对准确掌握四轴飞行器的实时姿态、位置等信息和对四轴飞行器进行精准控制两大核心问题,开发了由上位机实现四轴飞行器姿态数据采集、通信及控制等功能的监控系统。监控系统良好的功能设计和友好的人机界面使得用户能够准确掌握飞行器的飞行信息,从而能够更精准地控制四轴飞行器飞行姿态。实验验证,监控系统简单实用,性能稳定,精度高,使整个飞行系统抗干扰能力强,鲁棒性、稳定性好。     

中心进气转静系转盘风阻扭矩数值模拟

采用计算流体力学(CFD)商业软件CFX从流动参数及几何结构两个方面对中心进气转静系盘腔内转盘风阻扭矩特性进行了数值模拟研究,同时搭建一个转盘风阻扭矩实验台测量自由盘风阻扭矩.中心进气转静系转盘风阻扭矩与经典经验公式进行了对比,结果表明:利用数值模拟方法,得到的无量纲扭矩系数与经典经验关系式计算得到的数据总体相差小于10%,利用湍流参数来表征转盘转速以及叠加流流量,对于分析转盘风阻扭矩非常便利.利用湍流参数定量分析时需注意叠加流以及转速的量级同样影响着风阻扭矩的数值.几何结构对于风阻扭矩也有影响,但相比流动参数影响较小.      

静压气浮直驱转台热特性

以开发满足精密工程应用的静压气浮直驱转台为目标,研究静压气浮直驱转台结构的热稳定性.首先,分析了静压气浮直驱转台的发热-传热特性,建立了三维热特性有限元模型,计算了气浮直驱转台的温度场云图;用间接耦合的分析方法,将温度场作加载条件,进行转台热-结构耦合分析;然后,对比研究了两种直驱电机安置结构对转台热稳定性的影响,提出了静压气浮直驱转台的空气强制对流冷却方案;最后,完成了无框力矩电机后置式静压气浮直驱转台的温度场检测实验.实验结果表明,静压气浮直驱转台测试点的计算与实测温度的最大误差为1.93 ℃,稳态温度场分布计算精度较高;温度分布稳态时,气浮转台止推轴承气膜单侧间隙的变化量为0.55 μm,在空气轴承气膜设计允许的波动范围内,对轴承性能不产生明显的影响.电机后置式直驱静压气浮转台结构的热稳定性好,适合工业应用.