基于高增益观测器的航迹角自适应反步控制

针对飞行控制系统中状态向量不完全可测量的问题,设计了一种高增益神经网络自适应观测器.在常规高增益观测器的基础上引入径向基(RBF, Radial Basis Function)网络自适应项,对建模误差和外界干扰进行在线估计.将高增益观测器与基于动态面的反步控制相结合,提出了一种神经网络自适应反步控制方法.引入一阶滤波器,避免了传统反步控制中的"计算膨胀"问题.基于Lyapunov稳定性理论,给出自适应输出反馈控制器和RBF网络权值向量的自适应律,并证明了闭环系统是半全局一致有界.从航迹角控制系统仿真结果可以看出,航迹角能够较好地跟踪指令信号,不受建模误差和外界干扰的影响,所设计的观测器具有良好的收敛性,控制系统具有较高的鲁棒性.     

Optimization of communication network topology for navigation sharing among distributed satellites

Navigation sharing among distributed satellites is quite important for coordinated motion and collision avoidance. This paper proposes optimization methods of the communication network topology to achieve navigation sharing. The whole communication network constructing by inter-satellite links are considered as a topology graph. The aim of this paper is to find the communication network topology with minimum communication connections’ number (MCCN) in different conditions. It has found that the communication capacity and the number of channels are two key parameters affecting the results. The model of MCCN topology for navigation sharing is established and corresponding method is designed. Two main scenarios, viz., homogeneous case and heterogeneous case, are considered. For the homogeneous case where each member has the same communication capacity, it designs a construction method (Algorithm 1) to find the MCCN topology. For the heterogeneous case, it introduces a modified genetic algorithm (Algorithm 2) to find the MCCN topology. When considering the fact that the number of channels is limited, the Algorithm 2 is further modified by adding a penalized term in the fitness function. The effectiveness of these algorithms is all proved in theoretical. Three examples are further tested to illustrate the methods developed in this paper.     

Autonomous navigation of Mars probe using X-ray pulsars: Modeling and results

Autonomous navigation of Mars probe is a main challenge due to the lack of dense ground tracking network measurements. In this paper, autonomous navigation of the Mars probe Orbits is investigated using the X-ray pulsars. A group of X-ray pulsars with high ranging accuracy are selected based on their properties and an adaptive extended Kalman filter is developed to incorporate the Mars probe dynamics and pulsar-based ranging measurements. Results of numerical experiment show that the three-dimensional positioning accuracy can achieve 750m in X-axis, 220m in Y-axis and 230m in Z-axis, which is much better than the positioning results by current Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) or Doppler observations with the accuracy of 150 km or several kilometers, respectively.     

飞行员视觉信息流强度模拟及适人性分析

为了合理地确定飞行员在执行飞行任务时的视觉信息流强度,开发了飞机座舱显示界面仿真模型,以被试的正确反应率和反应时间来评价作业绩效.通过实验和数据分析得到以下结果:所建立的视觉信息流模型中视觉信息流强度曲线符合正态分布.不同的视觉信息量完成任务差异显著,信息量增加到一定程度时辨识变慢,出现错误的几率升高;在相同视觉信息量情况下,夜晚与白天、动态与静态执行任务辨识和绩效差异显著,白天要比夜晚、静态要比动态辨识效率和绩效更好.      

基于离散事件方法的AFDX建模与仿真

采用了建模仿真的方法来分析航空电子全双工交换式以太网(AFDX,Avionics Full Duplex switched ethernet)协议.通过对AFDX协议的抽象,基于离散事件的建模方法,以基本的网络元素来抽象化网络中的端系统、交换机等设备,以离散事件来描述网络设备的行为,以此构建了AFDX网络模型,并依据模型实现了仿真.网络演算是一种理论计算AFDX最坏延迟界限的方法,将典型场景下仿真得到的结果与理论计算的结果进行比较,验证了模型.通过不同流量方案下仿真结果的对比,对AFDX进行了传输特性的分析.      

Low-dose carbon ion irradiation effects on DNA damage and oxidative stress in the mouse testis

To investigate the effects of low-dose carbon ion irradiation on reproductive system of mice, the testes of outbred Kunming strain mice were whole-body irradiated with 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5 and 1 Gy, respectively. We measured DNA double-strand breaks (DNA DSBs) and oxidative stress parameters including malondialdehyde (MDA) content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and testis weight and sperm count at 12 h, 21 d and 35 d after irradiation in mouse testis. At 12 h postirradiation, a significant increase in DNA DSB level but no pronounced alterations in MDA content or SOD activity were observed in 0.5 and 1 Gy groups compared with the control group. At 21 d postirradiation, there was a significant reduction in sperm count and distinct enhancements of DSB level and MDA content in 0.5 and 1 Gy groups in comparison with control. At 35 d postirradiation, the levels of DNA DSBs and MDA, and SOD activity returned to the baseline except for the MDA content in 1 Gy (P < 0.05), while extreme falls of sperm count were still observed in 0.5 (P < 0.01) and 1 Gy (P < 0.01) groups. For the 0.05 or 0.1 Gy group, no differences were found in DNA DSB level and MDA content between control and at 12 h, 21 d and 35 d after irradiation, indicating that lower doses of carbon ion irradiation have no significant influence on spermatogenesis processes. In this study, male germ cells irradiated with over 0.5 Gy of carbon ions are difficult to repair completely marked by the sperm count. Furthermore, these data suggest that the deleterious effects may be chronic or delayed in reproductive system after whole-body exposure to acute high-dose carbon ions.     

基于接触状态分析的叶冠阻尼评估与改进设计

采用基于接触状态分析的干摩擦阻尼结构设计方法,针对某型带冠涡轮叶片进行了阻尼评估与改进设计.接触状态包括接触形式和接触参数,通过接触形式从结构上判断结构设计的合理性;通过接触参数从力学性能上评价叶冠的阻尼效果.对叶片的动力特性、接触状态和振动响应进行综合评估分析,找出叶冠结构设计不足之处,并指出具体的改进措施,使叶冠的接触状态及振动响应得到一定的改善,并找到叶冠弦宽稳定工作范围.接触状态能够细致反映出叶冠工作状态下真实的接触情况,为叶冠结构设计和阻尼效果判定提供了更准确、详尽的参考依据.     

永磁球形电机的神经网络自适应控制算法

介绍了具有三维位置检测功能的三自由度永磁球形电机工作原理及其运动控制方法.结合球电机结构特性,基于XYZ 欧拉角和拉格朗日方程建立了球电机运动学及动力学模型.为了解决动力学模型建模误差、摩擦力和外界干扰等对球电机工作性能的影响,设计了神经网络逼近模型,并将其应用于球电机的控制之中.仿真结果表明这种控制方法与传统方法相比可以有效提高球电机的抗干扰能力,在建模误差比较大的情况下仍可以保证球电机的运动精度,其结果可以为进一步的球电机精密运动控制理论研究和实验方案设计提供借鉴和参考.      

月球着陆器悬停阶段相对自主导航方法

月球着陆器着陆阶段导航信息分析是实现安全软着陆月面的一个关键.针对悬停阶段导航信息的要求,根据月球着陆器携带的仪器设备及其获取月面信息的特点,利用激光测距仪和光学导航相机进行光学相对导航.首先建立相对导航坐标系;其次根据各个坐标系之间的关系确定各转换矩阵和导航信息,估算着陆器相对月面着陆点的位置和姿态;最后通过仿真实验对该方法进行验证.结果表明,将激光测距仪和光学导航相机在着陆悬停阶段获取的月面信息进行融合,能快速、精确进行相对位置、姿态计算;对我国下一步的探月有重要应用价值,并可应用于火星探测和其他小行星探测的软着陆的近距相对导航.