远程战术火箭控制方案研究

按照由简到繁的顺序，提出三种控制方案并进行了弹道控制仿真计算，分析了各方案的弹道精度，研究适合远程战术火箭弹的控制方案及设计要求，并考察了固体姿控发动机作为执行机构的可行性，认为其具有不少优点，可以满足远程战术火箭的技术要求，但其质量仅略重于空气舵。     

叠氮增塑剂与粘合剂的相容性

叠氮增塑剂由于有正的生成热、密度高、成气性好,可作为复合固体推进剂的含能增塑剂,与缩水甘油叠氮基聚合物(GAP)一样,加入推进剂中可以组成叠氮复合固体推进剂。本文对聚(叠氮环氧丙烷)二硝酸酯(AZP-2)和端叠氮基聚(叠氮环氧丙烷)(AZP-3)与多种粘合剂做了相客性研究。在80℃下的热失重试验结果表明,含叠氮基(-N_3)的增塑剂对含烯键合剂和含氰基粘合剂化学不相容;粘合剂中的羧基对叠氮基分解有催化作用。这些结果为叠氮推进剂配方设计和研制提供了重要依据。     

固体火箭发动机燃烧室压强及喷管扩张比优化设计

以固体火箭发动机冲质比为目标函数，采用复合形法优化技术，对在一定高度范围内工作的纤维缠绕壳体固体发动机的燃烧室平均压强和喷管扩张比进行了优化计算。该方法特别对第一级工作的发动机总体方案优化的初步设计具有重要的参考价值。     

炭布高温处理对2D-C/C分层缺陷的影响研究

研究了炭布高温处理对二维炭／炭复合材料(2D-C／C)分层缺陷的影响。分析了炭布处理前后炭纤维的元素及表面形貌；测试了炭布处理前后树脂基复合材料(PMC)、炭化后2D-C／C及致密后2D-C／C的层剪强度、密度、开孔率等；采用金相显微镜表征了2D-C／C的分层缺陷。结果表明，炭纤维(布)经高温处理后，其表面含氧量下降，含碳量提高，表面粗糙度增大，惰性增大；炭布高温处理降低了树脂基复合材料的ILSS．炭化后2D-C／C表现出低密度和高开孔率，炭化收缩量小、热应力小及炭化不分层等特点。     

关于燃速相关性问题

燃速是影响固体发动机工作压强诸参数中最活跃的因素，需要在推进剂药柱制造过程中严格加以控制。重点讨论了燃速仪燃速rs、小型试验发动机燃速r127和全尺寸发动机燃速rm之间关系，给出了rm／rs、rm／r127比值与燃速仪燃速rs的相关关系，可以作为预估燃速时参考。     

电缆支座承受径向载荷时的弹塑性分析

采用ANSYS软件对发动机电缆支座几种不同结构方案及其承载能力进行了三维有限元分析。考虑了材料的非线性弹塑性行为，计算给出了电缆支座承载能力，与试验结果比较吻合。     

“集成手工艺”引入首饰制造以改进产品质量和生产工序(英文)

本文尝试找出了劳动密集产品（ｌａｂｏｕｒ－ｉｎｔｅｎｓｉｖｅｐｒｏｄｕｃｔ）在制造过程中质量下降递减（ｇｒａｄｕｒａｌｌｏｓｓｏｆｑｕａｌｉｔｙ）所存在的问题。这些问题存在以下两方面：（１）手工艺（ｃｒａｆｔｓｍａｎｓｈｉｐ）：由制办至最后的制成产品，首饰制造仍然非常依赖工匠的手工艺水平，产品质量受手工艺水平影响；（２）劳动分工（ｔｅｃｈｎｉｃａｌｄｉｖｉｓｉｏｎｏｆｌａｂｏｕｒ）的基本条件的框定和束缚：批量生产的工序流程中，产品质量未能保持（或达致）原首办的质量水平及设定的规格。这些问题可以通过产品设计去解决，把集成手工艺（ｉｎｔｅｇｒａｔｅｄｃｒａｆｔｓｍａｎｓｈｉｐ）概念融入全面优质管理（ｔｏｔａｌｑｕａｌｉｔｙｍａｎ－ａｇｅｍｅｎｔ）的思想。在制造过程中，把传统的手工艺的优值和观念提升为改进产品质量（其中一种）重要的工具或方法，另一方面采用集成手工艺概念来建立基础要素和方案，防止产品质量在工序中递减下降。本文旨在重新确认手工艺研究的重要性，强调设计可用来全面提高产品质量及竞争力。     

硬质泡沫喷管堵盖试验及研究

介绍了固体火箭发动机喷管硬质泡沫塑料堵盖的设计方法与试验过程。某型号发动机硬质泡沫喷管堵盖打开压强模拟点火试验结果表明,这种硬质泡沫喷管堵盖设计方案可行。并已在实际中得到应用。     

The PAMELA experiment: A space-borne observatory for heliospheric phenomena

PAMELA is a multi-purpose apparatus composed of a series of scintillator counters arranged at the extremities of a permanent magnet spectrometer to provide charge, time-of-flight and rigidity information. Lepton/hadron identification is performed by a silicon–tungsten calorimeter and a Neutron detector placed at the bottom of the device. An Anticounter system is used offline to reject false triggers coming from the satellite. The device was put into orbit on June 15th 2006 in a pressurized container on board the Russian Resurs-DK1 satellite. The satellite is flying along a high inclination (70°), low Earth orbit (350–600 km), allowing to perform measurements in different points and conditions of the geomagnetosphere. PAMELA main goal is a precise measurement of the antimatter ( 80 MeV–190 GeV, e⁺ 50 MeV–270 GeV) and matter (p 80–700 GeV, e⁻ 50 MeV–400 GeV) component of the galactic cosmic rays. In this paper we focus on the capabilites of observations of heliospheric cosmic rays: trapped and semi-trapped particles in the proton and electron belts, solar particle events, Jovian electrons will be studied in the three years of expected mission.     

Mutagenesis in bacterial spores exposed to space and simulated martian conditions: data from the EXPOSE-E spaceflight experiment PROTECT

As part of the PROTECT experiment of the EXPOSE-E mission on board the International Space Station (ISS), the mutagenic efficiency of space was studied in spores of Bacillus subtilis 168. After 1.5 years' exposure to selected parameters of outer space or simulated martian conditions, the rates of induced mutations to rifampicin resistance (Rif(R)) and sporulation deficiency (Spo(-)) were quantified. In all flight samples, both mutations, Rif(R) and Spo(-), were induced and their rates increased by several orders of magnitude. Extraterrestrial solar UV radiation (>110?nm) as well as simulated martian UV radiation (>200?nm) led to the most pronounced increase (up to nearly 4 orders of magnitude); however, mutations were also induced in flight samples shielded from insolation, which were exposed to the same conditions except solar irradiation. Nucleotide sequencing located the Rif(R) mutations in the rpoB gene encoding the β-subunit of RNA polymerase. Mutations isolated from flight and parallel mission ground reference (MGR) samples were exclusively localized to Cluster I. The 21 Rif(R) mutations isolated from the flight experiment showed all a C to T transition and were all localized to one hotspot: H482Y. In mutants isolated from the MGR, the spectrum was wider with predicted amino acid changes at residues Q469K/L/R, H482D/P/R/Y, and S487L. The data show the unique mutagenic power of space and martian surface conditions as a consequence of DNA injuries induced by solar UV radiation and space vacuum or the low pressure of Mars.