应用灰度特征的行星陨石坑自主检测方法与着陆导航研究

针对陨石坑阴影不明显的行星着陆导航图像,提出了基于图像灰度值特征的陨石坑自主检测方法,通过兴趣区快速确定陨石坑边缘分布,解决了一般陨石坑检测方法对图像太阳高度角的依赖问题。利用检测出的陨石坑视线信息,采用非线性预测滤波方法估计着陆器着陆阶段的位置和姿态;鉴于视觉着陆导航对照了场景状况的高度依赖性,提出了一种利用分形理论和相邻点分级方法的天体随机地景建模方法。最后验证了所提方法的有效性。     

基于逆最优问题的最优制导律及特性分析

在典型的能量最优制导律基础上,将制导律的2个特征根从有限的点/线区域扩展到所有可能的正实根区域,进而提出制导律中的逆最优问题。详细讨论了逆最优问题中性能指标加权矩阵的构造过程,给出了加权矩阵和Riccati矩阵的计算公式;将控制权矩阵选为time-to-go的负n次幂的形式,对加权矩阵的求解进行了举例说明。对8组不同的特征根研究结果表明,尽管每一对可能的特征根取值都能找到最优解释,但这并不能保证与其对应的制导律都能达到与典型能量最优制导律类似的制导性能,特征根取值越靠近典型能量最优制导律,则相对应的制导特性也越接近。     

《汽车检测技术》课程教学改革研究

针对目前《汽车检测技术》课程教学中存在的问题,本文从课堂形式创新、学生思维方式培养、学习渠道拓展、考核方式改革等方面进行了教学改革的研究,以提高学生的学习兴趣和动手能力。在教学实践活动中,这些改革取得了良好的效果,可为专业相关课程的教学改革提供一定的借鉴。     

A Simulation of the Mid-and Low-latitude Ionospheric Electric Fields

A theoretical model of ionospheric electric fields at mid- and low-latitudes is developed. In the geomagnetic dipolar coordinate system, the ionospheric dynamo equations were solved, and the ionospheric electric potential and electric field were derived respectively. Major parameters for the model inputs, such as the neutral winds, the densities and temperatures of electron, ions and neutrals, are obtained from empirical models. The global ionospheric electrical potential and field at mid- and low-latitudes derived from our model are largely in agreement with the results presented by other authors and the empirical model. Using our model, it is found that the diurnal component of the HWM93 wind mainly contributed to the formation of the vertical electric field, while the semidiurnal component mainly contributed to the zonal electric field. Finally, by adjustment of the input F region winds and conductivities, most discrepancies between our model and the empirical one can be eliminated, and it is proved that the F region dynamo is the most significant contribution to the electric fields.      

改型对剑形深波谷交变波瓣喷管射流掺混的作用

结合现有交变波瓣喷管的特点对基准波瓣喷管进行处理,设计了一种新型交变波瓣喷管——剑形深波谷交变波瓣喷管.采用数值方法研究了扇形处理和斜切处理对剑形深波谷交变波瓣喷管射流掺混的作用.结果显示,随着扇形处理和斜切处理各自改型程度的增加,波峰尾流区掺混速度变快,而核心区主流完全掺混所需距离略有增加.斜切处理促进掺混能力优于扇形处理,扇形处理后引射能力和流动损失基本不变,斜切处理后引射能力和流动损失稍有减小.计算结果还表明流向涡的形态对掺混效率的影响大于流向涡的强弱.     

C/SiC复合材料铣削表面完整性研究

采用PCD刀具进行了C/SiC复合材料的铣削加工实验,通过观察加工表面/亚表面损伤,分析了C/SiC复合材料铣削加工表面形成机制,并结合切削力讨论了铣削参数对加工表面形貌和粗糙度的影响。研究结果表明,C/SiC材料以脆性断裂方式实现去除;加工表面存在纤维的层状脆断、拔出和纤维束断裂等现象;碳纤维区域粗糙度随铣削参数的变化规律与表面微观形貌基本一致;提高切削速度能改善表面质量,增大切深会使表面质量严重恶化,每齿进给量对表面质量影响较小。     

Parameter Optimization Method for Gaussian Mixture Model with Data Evolution

To learn from evolutionary experimental data points effectively,an evolutionary Gaussian mixture model based on constraint consistency（EGMM）is proposed and the corresponding method of parameter optimization is presented.Here,the Gaussian mixture model（GMM）is adopted to describe the data points,and the differences between the posterior probabilities of pairwise points under the current parameters are introduced to measure the temporal smoothness.Then,parameter optimization of EGMM can be realized by evolutionary clustering.Compared with most of the existing data analysis methods by evolutionary clustering,both the whole features and individual differences of data points are considered in the clustering framework of EGMM.It decreases the algorithm sensitivity to noises and increases the robustness of evaluated parameters.Experimental result shows that the clustering sequence really reflects the shift of data distribution,and the proposed algorithm can provide better clustering quality and temporal smoothness.     

Aircraft Electric Anti-skid Braking System Based on Fuzzy-PID Controller with Parameter Self-adjustment Feature

The principle of electric braking system is analyzed and an anti-skid braking system based on the slip rate control is proposed. The fuzzy-PID controller with parameter self-adjustment feature is designed for the anti-skid braking system. The dynamic model of aircraft ground braking is established in the simulation environment of MATLAB/SIMULINK, and simulation results of dry runway and wet runway are presented. The results show that the fuzzy-PID controller with parameter self-adjustment feature for the electric anti-skid braking system keeps working in the state of stability and the brake efficiencies are increased to 93% on dry runway and 82% on wet runway respectively.     

Flapping Characteristics of 2D Submerged Turbulent Jets in Narrow Channels

Flapping characteristics of the self-excited flapping motion of submerged vertical turbulent jet in narrow channels are studied theoretically and experimentally. It is found that the water depth is a most important parameter to the critical jet exit velocity and the jet flapping frequency. The results indicate that the critical jet exit velocity increases with water depth and the jet flapping frequency is inversely proportional to the water depth. Mean-while, experimental result also shows that the surface disturbance wave changes the frequency of flapping motion, i.e. the flapping frequency locks-in the disturbing frequency when the disturbing frequency is near and less than the natural flapping frequency.     

碳纤维增强树脂基断裂的数值模拟研究

基于断裂力学模型,通过应用Abaqus大型商用软件,建立碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料断裂实验的模型,计算了该模型的断裂韧性J积分,研究了用J积分来表征碳纤维增强树脂基断裂韧性特征,其结果表明了使用本文方法的有效性。