一种航天器姿态快速机动及稳定控制方法

针对具有挠性太阳翼板和包括测量噪声、力矩噪声等系统噪声在内的复杂卫星对象,基于特征模型的自适应控制方法,结合多变量跟踪维持控制、逻辑积分控制、逻辑微分控制,设计卫星快速机动快速稳定控制器;进行了实例仿真,仿真结果表明提出的控制方法能够保证卫星高精度的快速机动和稳定控制能力。     

Laval型微喷管内气体流动的计算及分析

基于连续介质模型模拟研究了喉部宽度为37μm的二维Laval型微喷管内气体流动特性.计算分析了落压比变化对流场结构的影响;研究了前人文献中提到的"超声速环"现象,发现其本质就是过膨胀状态下微喷管内形成的"马赫盘",并利用激波理论分析讨论了在微尺度下该现象的形成机理及产生条件;在出口压力不变的情况下,采用落压比界定出"超声速环"可能存在的范围;讨论了落压比与激波对微喷管总压降的影响.      

相干干扰对基于特征空间分解算法性能的影响

分析干扰信号的互相关性和方向矢量正交性对接收信号自相关矩阵的特征值和特征向量分布的影响。干扰相关时,会有信号特征矢量发散到噪声空间,采用基于特征空间分解的自适应算法,只有在相干干扰的来向相同时才能实现干扰抑制,否则不能抑制此相干干扰;干扰不相关时,如果干扰来向相同,只能检测到一个干扰,但此时基于特征空间分解的自适应算法可实现干扰抑制。对MUSIC(multiple signal classification)和最小范数算法的仿真结果,与理论推导一致。     

液体火箭发动机典型故障类型及将来的传感器检测策略

本文对液体火箭发动机研制中易出现的典型故障按组件进行了归类,并就故障特征进行了说明与分析,进而提出了将来有望发展的传感器检测技术策略,旨在对新型号发动机设计、改进和进行发动机故障诊断与防护研究有所裨益.     

低雷诺数下翼型分离流动抽吸控制特性研究

为了系统研究抽吸系数和抽吸方向对抽吸效果的影响以及抽吸效益与抽吸能耗之间的关系,以NACA0012翼型表面分离流动为基准状态,在其吸力面设计了局部多孔抽吸结构,采用Roe格式和双时间步隐式算法(LUSGS),从抽吸系数、抽吸方向和抽吸能耗等方面,数值研究了低雷诺数下多孔分布式抽吸结构对流动分离的控制效果,通过边界层速度线型的变化分析了抽吸控制机理。研究结果表明:在翼型吸力面流动分离点附近一定区域内进行抽吸,可有效抑制流动分离,改善翼型气动性能;随着抽吸系数的增加,升阻比先是快速增长然后缓慢下降,且升阻比最大值提高了约1.3倍。抽吸控制能量消耗评估显示抽吸系数在合理范围内时,控制能耗明显小于控制效益。抽吸角度对抽吸控制有显著影响,当抽吸角度较大时,不仅翼型升阻比获得了提升,而且抽吸控制所消耗的能量也会进一步减少。这些结果有助于进一步为流动控制设计提供新的思路和方法。     

The Solar Wind interactions with Lunar Magnetic Anomalies: A case study of the Chang’E-2 plasma data near the Serenitatis antipode

In this paper, we present the first and preliminary results on the near-Moon plasma environment, based on the spectrogram data obtained with the Solar Wind Ion Detector (SWID) onboard Chang’E-2 from four lunar orbits on 10–11 Oct 2010. These orbits, at a constant altitude of ∼100 km, approach gradually the Lunar Magnetic Anomaly (LMA) at the Serenitatis antipode. The data reveal tentatively a region with decrement in proton density and enhancement in temperature. The near coincidence of this region with the Serenitatis antipode probably suggests the presence of a minimagnetosphere associated with the LMA, which effectively shields and heats the incident Solar Wind (SW) protons.     

新一代高能固体推进剂的能量分析

根据最小自由能方法,计算分析了叠氮基含能预聚物和高能高密度氧化剂对AP/R-DX/Al/HTPB复合固体推进剂能量特性的影响。GAP、AMMO和BAMO的氮平衡值优于HTP-B,含有叠氮基含能预聚物的复合固体推进剂,其标准理论比冲(I°ss)出现最大值时所对应的RDX含量相应地升高。无论是HTPB,还是GAP、AMMO和BAMO,标准理论比冲和燃温(T_c)在Al含量为18％时都有极大值出现,燃气平均分子量(M(则随着Al含量的增加而增加。减少GAP配方中的AP含量,代之以硝酸酯增塑剂,可显著提高I°ss,与RDX相比,采用高能高密度氧化剂HMX,HHTD和ONC的复合推进剂的最大优势是密度的提高,从而显著地改善了密度比冲。与NEPE高能固体推进剂相比,GAP推进剂在相同的粘合剂体积分数下,标准理论比冲可提高24.5～34.3N·s/kg。而在相同能量特性的情况下,推进剂的粘合剂的体积分数可提高50～65％。因此,叠氮基含能预聚物和高能高密度氧化剂的使用,将代替下一代高能固体推进剂的发展方向。     

基于GPR模型的自适应平方根容积卡尔曼滤波算法

与传统算法一样,动态系统的参数化模型(含噪声统计特性)未知或不够准确易导致容积卡尔曼滤波(CKF)效果严重下降,甚至滤波结果发散.为此,利用高斯过程回归(GPR)方法对训练数据进行学习,得到动态系统的状态转移GPR模型和量测GPR模型以及噪声统计特性,用以替代或增强原有动态系统模型,并将其融入到平方根容积卡尔曼滤波(SRCKF)中,分别提出了无模型高斯过程SRCKF (MFGP-SRCKF)和模型增强高斯过程SRCKF (MEGP-SRCKF)两种算法.仿真结果表明:这两种新的自适应滤波算法提高了动态系统模型精度,且实时自适应调整噪声的协方差,克服了传统算法滤波性能易受系统模型限制的问题;与MFGP-SRCKF相比,在给定一个不够准确的参数化模型,且有限的训练数据未能遍布估计状态空间的情况下,MEGP-SRCKF具备更高的滤波精度.     

Panel/full-span free-wake coupled method for unsteady aerodynamics of helicopter rotor blade

A full-span free-wake method is coupled with an unsteady panel method to accurately predict the unsteady aerodynamics of helicopter rotor blades in hover and forward flight. The unsteady potential-based panel method is used to consider aerodynamics of finite thickness multi-bladed rotors, and the full-span free-wake method is applied to simulating dynamics of rotor wake. These methods are tightly coupled through trailing-edge Kutta condition and by converting doublet-wake panels to full-span vortex filaments. A velocity-field integration technique is also adopted to overcome singularity problem during the interaction between the rotor wake and blades. Helicopter rotors including Caradonna-Tung, UH-60A, and AH-1G rotors, are simulated in hover and forward flight to validate the accuracy of this approach. The predicted aerodynamic loads of rotor blades agree well with available measured data and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) results, and the unsteady dynamics of rotor wake is also well simulated. Compared to CFD, the present method obtains accurate results more efficiently and is suitable to rotorcraft aeroelastic analysis.     

A novel autonomous self-assembly distributed swarm flying robot

Swarm intelligence embodied by many species such as ants and bees has inspired scholars in swarm robotic researches. This paper presents a novel autonomous self-assembly distributed swarm flying robot-DSFR, which can drive on the ground, autonomously accomplish self-assembly and then fly in the air coordinately. Mechanical and electrical designs of a DSFR module, as well as the kinematics and dynamics analysis, are specifically investigated. Meanwhile, this paper brings forward a generalized adjacency matrix to describe configurations of DSFR structures. Also, the distributed flight control model is established for vertical taking-off and horizontal hovering, which can be applied to control of DSFR systems with arbitrary configurations. Finally, some experiments are carried out to testify and validate the DSFR design, the autonomous self-assembly strategy and the distributed flight control laws.