KrF激光对高速飞片的驱动特性研究

利用诱导空间非相干技术平滑的KrF准分子（248nm）激光驱动带有烧蚀层的平面靶，研究激光空间均匀性对产生完整飞片的影响，结果表明激光不均匀性在2％以下，能够产生完整的高速飞片，且完整飞片能够维持20ns以上不破裂；当激光不均匀性达到5％，激光引入流体力学不稳定性种子应很强，冲击波在靶内输运过程中不稳定性不断发展增强，到靶背时强到足以使飞片解体甚至气化，不能产生完整的飞片。为了获得尽可能高的飞片速度，采用激光与烧蚀层参数不匹配方法，使冲击波对飞片作多次加速。利用功率密度为1012 W/cm2的KrF激光与含50μm Kapton烧蚀层的5μm铝飞片作用，得到速度约10km/s的高速飞片，与模拟结果吻合得很好。     

Coordinate Conversion and Tracking for Very Long Range Radars

The problem of tracking with very long range radars is studied in this paper. First, the measurement conversion from a radar's r-u-v coordinate system to the Cartesian coordinate system is discussed. Although the nonlinearity of this coordinate transformation appears insignificant based on the evaluation of the bias of the converted measurements, it is shown that this nonlinearity can cause significant covariance inconsistency in the conventionally converted measurements (CM1). Since data association depends critically on filter consistency, this issue is very important. Following this, it is shown that a suitably corrected conversion (CM2) eliminates the inconsistency. Then, initialized with the converted measurements (using CM2), four Cartesian filters are evaluated. It is shown that, among these filters, the converted measurement Kalman filter with second order Taylor expansion (CM2KF) is the only one that is consistent for very long range tracking scenarios. Another two approaches, the range-direction-cosine extended Kalman filter (ruvEKF) and the unscented Kalman filter (UKF) are also evaluated and shown to suffer from consistency problems. However, the CM2KF has the disadvantage of reduced accuracy in the range direction. To fix this problem, a consistency-based modification for the standard extended Kalman filter (E1KF) is proposed. This leads to a new filtering approach, designated as measurement covariance adaptive extended Kalman filter (MCAEKF). For very long range tracking scenarios, the MCAEKF is shown to produce consistent filtering results and be able to avoid the loss of accuracy in the range direction. It is also shown that the MCAEKF meets the posterior Carmer-Rao lower bound for the scenarios considered.     

2010年我国房地产业的政策导向与发展趋势

房地产业是我国国民经济发展的支柱产业,确保房地产业健康稳定发展不仅有助于我国抵御经济危机,而且是预防通胀的重要措施.在我国经济复苏这段时期内,国家将对房地产市场进行结构优化,包括支持保障性住房的发展、遏制投机行为、科学测算用地指标、严格规范土地储备、打击"囤地"行为等,以达到房地产市场和谐稳定发展的目标.     

Expression of estrogen receptor α in human breast cancer cells regulates mitochondrial oxidative stress under simulated microgravity

This study investigated intracellular oxidative stress and its underlying mechanisms in a rotary cell culture system used to achieve a simulated microgravity (SMG) environment. Experiments were conducted with human breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 (an estrogen receptor (ER) α positive cell line) and MDA-MB-231 (an ERα negative cell line) encapsulated in alginate/collagen carriers. After 48 h, SMG led to oxidative stress and DNA damage in the MDA-MB-231 cells but a significant increase in mitochondrial activity and minimal DNA damage in the MCF-7 cells. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) significantly increased in the MCF-7 cells and decreased in MDA-MB-231 cells in the SMG environment compared with a standard gravity control. Moreover, SMG promoted expression of ERα and protein kinase C (PKC) epsilon in MCF-7 cells treated with PKC inhibitor Gö6983. Overall, exposure to SMG increased mitochondrial activity in ERα positive cells but induced cellular oxidative damage in ERα negative cells. Thus, ERα may play an important role in protecting cells from oxidative stress damage under simulated microgravity.     

廊坊市城市无形资产经营的问题研究

随着我国城市化程度的进一步提高，城市无形资产在城市发展中的地位和作用愈发凸显。本文从城市经营的角度出发，探讨了城市无形资产经营的内容和重要意义，对廊坊市城市无形资产经营进行了分析，并提出了提升城市无形资产经营的相应建议。     

带五分量抑制机构的高精度滚转力矩测量技术

滚转通道是飞行器控制的重要通道,且在试验中滚转单元受天平其它元干扰较大。为了准确测量滚转力矩,特别开发了带五分量抑制机构的高精度滚转测量技术。该技术设计原理是通过带机械深沟球轴承的抑制机构对除滚转力矩外的五个分量进行抑制。该技术一方面具有较高的滚转力矩测量灵敏度,另一方面能够有效抑制除滚转力矩外的其它五个分量,从而得到准确滚转力矩信号。     

无速度传感器永磁同步电机直接转矩控制系统

详细阐述了零矢量在永磁直接转矩控制系统中的作用，指出如果合理应用零矢量，不仅能使永磁电机(PMSM)的DTC系统正常运行，而且能减少转矩脉动的频率和改善系统的性能。还研究了PMSM的DTC系统的无速度传感器技术，构建了包含零矢量在内的无速度传感器PMSM的DTC系统，仿真和实验都证明了理论的正确性。在无速度传感器的条件下，PMSM的DTC系统实现了宽范围调速，调速比达到了1：100。     

载人月面着陆及起飞技术初步研究

载人登月任务中最具特色的就是载人月面着陆及起飞过程,其技术体系丰富,是影响载人登月任务成败的关键环节。文章详细分析了载人月面着陆及起飞阶段的飞行方案,阐述了载人任务与无人任务设计准则上的区别,剖析了载人月面着陆及起飞技术的内涵。此外重点分析了低温推进剂蒸发量控制技术、10∶1深度变推力液体发动机技术、发动机推力矢量控制技术、大承载着陆缓冲技术、发动机羽流导流与防护技术、月尘清除及防护技术等六项与载人登月舱推进系统和结构系统相关的关键技术,分析提出了相应的技术途径和解决方案,对深入认识载人登月飞行器系统的技术体系及技术难度具有重要意义。     

考虑质心漂移的载人月面着陆器自适应姿态跟踪控制

月面着陆器在下降着陆过程中质量变化大,质心漂移及其引起的姿态扰动问题突出。载人月面着陆任务对安全性可靠性要求高,如何提高姿态控制的精度和稳定度是着陆任务顺利实施的关键。文章提出采用反作用控制系统和推力矢量控制的联合姿态控制方案,设计了自适应姿态控制器及质心漂移自适应估计器,通过李雅普洛夫方法证明闭环姿态控制系统稳定,引入反作用控制和推力矢量控制的误差特性以检验控制器的鲁棒性。数值仿真结果表明该控制方案可行,所设计自适应姿态控制器能使姿态控制系统稳定,推力矢量控制侧摆能使推力指向跟踪质心,可为工程应用提供参考。     

缝纫泡沫夹心复合材料的制备及力学性能表征

传统的夹芯结构复合材料通常是将面板和芯材粘结在一起,这使得夹芯结构芯材与面板的界面性能薄弱.为了弥补现有夹芯结构材料界面性能薄弱的缺点,研究了缝纫增强泡沫夹芯结构复合材料一体化成型工艺,并对其力学性能进行了试验研究.通过与未缝纫泡沫夹芯结构的对比试验,发现缝纫能显著提高泡沫夹芯结构的弯曲强度、平压强度和侧压强度,而且随着缝纫密度的增加,该夹芯结构的抗弯、平压和侧压性能均有提高.