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991.
A.V. Pavlov N.M. Pavlova 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2013
Hourly values of the F2-layer peak density, NmF2, measured by 95 ionosondes near noon from 1957 to 2011 at low and middle geomagnetic latitudes of the northern and southern geographic hemispheres are used in a statistical study of the NmF2 equinoctial asymmetry. The ratios, R, of NmF2 measured during 61 days around the March equinox to NmF2 measured during 61 days around the September equinox at the same UT near noon during geomagnetically quiet daytime conditions for approximately the same solar activity conditions over the same ionosonde are analyzed. The conditional probability of the occurrence of R in an interval of R, the most probable value of R, and the mean expected value of R are calculated for the first time for the low, moderate, and high solar activity levels to study variations in these statistical parameters with latitude and solar activity. These statistical parameters are averaged over 5° geomagnetic latitude interval in the northern and southern geographic hemispheres to calculate and to study for the first time trends in latitude and solar activity of these averaged NmF2 equinoctial asymmetry statistical characteristics. 相似文献
992.
Alicia L. Clúa de Gonzalez Walter D. Gonzalez 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2013
In the present paper the local-time variations in the disturbance of the geomagnetic-field horizontal component (H) for eight intense geomagnetic storms that occurred during the descending phase of solar cycle 23 have been analyzed. The study was based on the plot of contour lines of the H-depletion intensity in the plane local time versus universal time (LT–UT maps) with the objective of observing how the morphology and evolution of the ring current is mapped into the surface of the Earth in presence of intense geomagnetic storms. 相似文献
993.
C. Satirapod I. Trisirisatayawong L. Fleitout J.D. Garaud W.J.F. Simons 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2013
Following previous findings from ongoing GPS research in Thailand since 2004 we continue to exploit the GPS technique to monitor and model land motions induced by the Sumatra–Andaman Earthquake. Our latest results show that up to the end of 2010, Thailand has been co-seismically displaced and is subsequently undergoing a post-seismic horizontal deformation with total displacements (co-seismic plus post-seismic) ranging from 10.5 to 74.7 cm. We observed the largest horizontal displacements in the southern part of Thailand and moderate and small displacements in the central and northern parts. In addition to horizontal displacements throughout Thailand, continuous GPS measurements show that large parts of Thailand are subsiding at rates up to 1 cm/yr. It is the first time that such vertical post-seismic deformations at large distances (650–1500 km away from the Earthquake’s epicentre) have been recorded. We have investigated the physical processes leading to the observed subsidence. While after-slip on the subduction interface induces negligible or even slightly positive vertical motions, relaxation in the asthenosphere is associated with a sizable subsidence. Predictions from a 3D finite element model feature an asthenosphere with an effective viscosity of the order of 3 * 1018 Pas, fit the horizontal post-seismic data and the observed subsidence well. This model is then used to predict the subsidence over the whole seismic cycle. The subsidence should go on with a diminishing rate through the next two decades and its final magnitude should not exceed 10 cm in the Bangkok area. 相似文献
994.
W. Menn O. Adriani G.C. Barbarino G.A. Bazilevskaya R. Bellotti M. Boezio E.A. Bogomolov L. Bonechi M. Bongi V. Bonvicini S. Borisov S. Bottai A. Bruno F. Cafagna D. Campana R. Carbone P. Carlson M. Casolino G. Castellini L. Consiglio M.P. De Pascale C. De Santis N. De Simone V. Di Felice A.M. Galper W. Gillard L. Grishantseva G. Jerse A.V. Karelin S.V. Koldashov S.Y. Krutkov A.N. Kvashnin A. Leonov V. Malakhov V. Malvezzi L. Marcelli A.G. Mayorov V.V. Mikhailov E. Mocchiutti A. Monaco N. Mori N. Nikonov G. Osteria F. Palma P. Papini M. Pearce P. Picozza C. Pizzolotto M. Ricci S.B. Ricciarini 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2013
995.
Rajat Acharya Bijoy Roy M.R. Sivaraman Ashish Dasgupta 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2012
It is important to use models developed specifically for the equatorial ionospheric estimation for real-time applications, particularly in Satellite Navigation. This work demonstrates a methodology for improved predictions of VTEC in real time using the model developed for the equatorial ionosphere by the authors. This work has been done using TEC data of the low solar activity period of 2005 obtained using dual frequency GPS receivers installed under the GAGAN project of ISRO. For the purpose, the model is first used in conjunction with Kriging technique. Improvement in accuracy is observed when compared with the estimations from the model alone using the measurements as true reference. Further improvement is obtained by Bayesian combination of these estimates with independent Neural Network based predictions. Statistical performance of improvement is provided. An improvement of ∼1 m in confidence level of estimation of VTEC is obtained. 相似文献
996.
Security applications of computer vision 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
In an age which bears witness to a proliferation of Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) cameras for security and surveillance monitoring, the use of image processing and computer vision techniques which were provided as top end bespoke solutions can now be realised using desktop PC processing. Commercial Video Motion Detection (VMD) and Intelligent Scene Monitoring (ISM) systems are becoming increasingly sophisticated, aided, in no small way, by a technology transfer from previously exclusively military research sectors. Image processing is traditionally concerned with pre-processing operations such as Fourier filtering, edge detection and morphological operations. Computer vision extends the image processing paradigm to include understanding of scene content, tracking and object classification. Examples of computer vision applications include Automatic Number Plate Recognition (ANPR), people and vehicle tracking, crowd analysis and model based vision. Often image processing and computer vision techniques are developed with highly specific applications in mind and the goal of a more global understanding computer vision system remains, at least for now, outside the bounds of present technology. This paper will review some of the most recent developments in computer vision and image processing for challenging outdoor perimeter security applications. It also describes the efforts of development teams to integrate some of these advanced ideas into coherent prototype development systems 相似文献
997.
Le Cadre J.-P. Jaetffret C. 《IEEE transactions on aerospace and electronic systems》1999,35(3):801-818
This paper deals with the analysis of the convergence of iterative methods for bearings only tracking (BOT). A geometric and unified framework is developed. Explicit sufficient conditions ensuring convergence of iterative methods for maximization of the likelihood functional are then derived 相似文献
998.
999.
Robert O. Pepin 《Space Science Reviews》2000,92(1-2):371-395
Xenon plays a crucial role in models of atmospheric evolution in which noble gases are fractionated from their initial compositions
to isotopically heavier distributions by early hydrodynamic escape of primordial planetary atmospheres. With the assumption
that nonradiogenic Xe isotope ratios in present-day atmospheres were generated in this way, backward modeling from these ratios
through the fractionating process can in principle identify likely parental Xe compositions and thus the probable sources
of noble gases in pre-escape atmospheres. Applied to Earth, this approach simultaneously establishes the presence of an atmospheric
Xe component due principally to fission of extinct 244Pu and identifies a composition called U-Xe as primordial Xe. Pu-Xe comprises 4.65±0.30% of atmospheric 136Xe, and 6.8±0.5% of the present abundance of 129Xe derives from decay of extinct 129I. U-Xe is identical to the measured composition of solar-wind Xe except for deficits of the two heaviest isotopes – an unexpected
difference since the modeling otherwise points to solar wind compositions for the lighter noble gases in the primordial terrestrial
atmosphere. Evidence for the presence of U-Xe is not restricted to the early Earth; modeling based on a purely meteoritic
data set defines a parental component in chondrites and achondrites with the same isotopic distribution. Results of experimental
efforts to measure this composition directly in meteorites are promising but not yet conclusive. U-Xe also appears as a possible
base component in interstellar silicon carbide, here with superimposed excesses of 134Xe and 136Xe six-fold larger than those in the solar wind. These compositional differences imply mixing of U-Xe with a nucleogenetic
heavy-isotope component whose relative abundance in the solar accretion disk and in pre-solar environments varied both spatially
and temporally.
In contrast to Earth, the U-Xe signature on Mars was apparently overwhelmed by local accretion of materials rich in either
chondritic Xe or solar-wind Xe. Data currently in hand from SNC meteorites on the composition of the present atmosphere are
insufficiently precise to constrain a modeling choice between these two candidates for primordial martian Xe. They likewise
do not permit definitive resolution of a 244Pu component in the atmosphere although its presence is allowed within current measurement uncertainties.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
1000.
N.V. Kuznetsov N.I. Nikolaeva 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2010
The proton fluxes from the low-Earth orbital satellites databases (NPOES-17 and CORONAS-F) were analyzed for the quiet geomagnetic period in April 2005. The satisfactory consent was found between the experimental and the AP8 model fluxes of the trapped protons with energy more than ∼10 MeV. At the same time, trapped proton fluxes with energy less than 10 MeV measured by LEO satellites were higher than the ones predicted by the AP8 model in the region of the SAA (drift shell L < 1.5). 相似文献