结冰风洞扩散段损失分析研究

针对在建的高亚声速结冰风洞,用数值方法研究了风洞的部段损失。利用CFD技术,数值模拟了不同设计状态下风洞收缩段、试验段、扩散段的损失,并与试验结果进行对比,分析了扩散角对扩压损失的影响。对扩散段进行了优化设计改造,成功达到了风洞性能指标。研究结果表明：利用数值模拟方法,可以方便地进行各种设计方案的损失比较,既经济便捷又可靠,在风洞设计中可大力推广。     

Reliability Sensitivity Algorithm Based on Stratified Importance Sampling Method for Multiple Failure Modes Systems

 Combining the advantages of the stratified sampling and the importance sampling, a stratified importance sampling method (SISM) is presented to analyze the reliability sensitivity for structure with multiple failure modes. In the presented method, the variable space is divided into several disjoint subspace by n-dimensional coordinate planes at the mean point of the random vector, and the importance sampling functions in the subspaces are constructed by keeping the sampling center at the mean point and augmenting the standard deviation by a factor of l. The sample size generated from the importance sampling function in each subspace is determined by the contribution of the subspace to the reliability sensitivity, which can be estimated by it-erative simulation in the sampling process. The formulae of the reliability sensitivity estimation, the variance and the coeffi-cient of variation are derived for the presented SISM. Comparing with the Monte Carlo method, the stratified sampling method and the importance sampling method, the presented SISM has wider applicability and higher calculation efficiency, which is demonstrated by numerical examples. Finally, the reliability sensitivity analysis of flap structure is illustrated that the SISM can be applied to engineering structure.     

旋转对带斜肋和双排孔通道孔流量系数影响

为了获得工作叶片内部通道布置斜肋情况下的气膜孔流量系数,利用商业软件对带60°肋和双排气膜孔出流的旋转矩形通道内的流场进行了数值模拟.通道入口雷诺为数60 000,罗斯贝数为0,0.11,0.22,气膜孔总出流比0.22.通道静止时,计算结果与实验数据符合较好,左侧孔和右侧孔的流量系数差别不大.通道顺时针旋转时,两个孔的平均流量系数增加90%左右,左侧孔流量系数是右侧孔流量系数的4～5倍.通道逆时针旋转时,两个孔的平均流量系数减小10%左右,左侧孔和右侧孔流量系数基本相同.      

湍流模型对压气机数值模拟精度的影响

开发了一个求解叶轮机全三维黏性流场的程序,采用了目前叶轮机数值模拟中常用的且模拟性能较好的三种湍流模型:k-ε模型,k-ω模型,Spalart-Allmaras(S-A)模型,计算了跨声压气机NASA(National Aeronautics and Space Administration) Rotor 37的流场,并与实验进行了性能参数、三维流场和角区流动的对比分析.考察在相同的数值计算平台上进行比较这几个湍流模型对压气机的数值模拟性能的影响.最终结果表明:对于具有强剪切、存在分离流的复杂的叶轮机三维流场来说,k-ω模型数值模拟精度更高,相比其他两个模型具有一定的优势.      

Effects of Boundary Layer Suction on Aerodynamic Performance in a High-load Compressor Cascade

This article is aimed to experimentally validate the beneficial effects of boundary layer suction on improving the aerodynamic performance of a compressor cascade with a large camber angle. The flow field of the cascade is measured and the ink-trace flow visualization is also presented. The experimental results show that the boundary layer suction reduces losses near the area of midspan in the cascade most effectively for all suction cases under test. Losses of the endwall could remarkably decrease only when the suction is at the position where the boundary layer has separated but still not departed far away from the blade surface. It is evidenced that the higher suction flow rate and the suction position closer to the trailing edge result in greater reduction in losses and the maximum reduction in the total pressure loss accounts to 16.5% for all cases. The suction position plays a greater role in affecting the total pressure loss than the suction flow rate does.     

基于航行力学思想的坐标系研究

针对理论分析及工程实践对传统研究武器系统在多种介质环境中运动的学科提出的要求,提出了建立"航行力学"的构想。首先提出了航行与航行器的概念;其次将航行器在水中、大气中、外太空等不同介质环境下的坐标系及空间位置与姿态进行了定义;最后,讨论了航行器各坐标系的相互关系及转换,为初步建立航行力学理论奠定了基础。     

某无线电高度表高低温试验测试方法改进

某型无线电高度表在高低温试验中经常出现跟踪搜索不转换及灵敏度超差现象,根据该高度表工作原理,认真分析装后试验各环节,发现金属的高低温箱中耦合器处电磁波泄露是产生上述现象的原因,提出了转接器代替耦合器的改进测试方法,使试验得以顺利进行。     

航天用复合材料压力容器的应用与发展

复合材料压力容器在航空航天、汽车、电子等领域具有广泛的应用,本文系统地分析了目前复合材料压力容器的材料和典型结构,阐述复合材料压力容器在航天工业的主要应用及发展方向。     

电容搪锡微裂纹原因分析及预防对策

就CC4L型高频多层瓷介电容器在手工搪锡生产过程中本体出现微裂纹、引线松动的问题,从电容的结构、特性和制造工艺等方面分析了裂纹产生的原因,并设计了五组试验对裂纹原因进行分析验证,结果表明,裂纹产生的原因是搪锡时温度过高,搪锡时间过长,并在引线上加了不恰当的外力;同时提出了预防裂纹产生的操作工艺要点。     

我国大型飞机环境控制系统研制展望

根据我国大型飞机研制的任务需求,结合未来飞机环控系统的发展趋势,从气源系统设计技术、高效大流量制冷系统设计技术、数字式座舱压力调节系统设计技术、综合空气管理系统设计技术及防冰系统设计技术等5个方面探讨了适用于我国大型飞机环境控制系统的现实构型和未来发展。