一种快速制备C/C材料方法的探索研究

介绍了一种新的Ｃ／Ｃ材料制备方法－－快速化学液气相渗透致密法。利用该技术,采用碳毡作预制体,以两种液态低分子有机物作碳源前驱体沉积时间在３ｈ内,沉积温度在９００℃￣１１００℃范围内可获得密度达１．７４ｇ／ｃｍ＾３的Ｃ／Ｃ材料。碳纤维表面最大沉积速率可达６４μｍ／ｈ,比传统的等温ＣＶＩ沉积速率（０．１μｍ／ｈ￣０．２５μｍ／ｈ）提高了２００倍以上,并初步分析了该技术快速致密多孔预制体的机理。     

耐高温聚酰亚胺结构胶黏剂的研究

合成了以苯乙炔基封端的系列聚酰亚胺胶黏剂,研究了分子结构、分子量、固化工艺等因素对其耐热和粘接性能的影响规律.结果表明:合成的聚酰亚胺胶黏剂具有优异的耐热和高温粘接性能,对不锈钢试片粘接的剪切强度在316℃下≥10 MPa,在400℃下为3 MPa.     

基于分层模糊系统的间接自适应控制

为解决模糊控制器中规则数目随系统变量的个数呈指数增长的问题,利用分层模糊系统设计了一类非线性系统的间接自适应控制器,并证明了所提出的设计方法不但能够保证闭环系统的一致有界性,而且可使跟踪误差收敛到原点的小邻域内.通过对倒立摆控制的仿真研究验证了方法的有效性.      

卫星高压气瓶的超高速撞击试验

微流星体及空间碎片超高速撞击对在轨航天器构成了严重威胁,星上压力容器受空间碎片撞击后所产生的威胁是十分严重的,可能导致航天器发生灾难性失效,过早结束其使命。文章通过星上常用气瓶的超高速撞击试验,获取了不同弹丸撞击参数下气瓶器壁的通孔孔径,得到了在弹丸撞击速度为(6.5±0.3)km/s、无防护情况下气瓶器壁的弹道极限,并分析了导致充压气瓶灾难性失效的弹丸直径范围;通过对试验数据拟合,初步建立了弹丸正撞击速度为(6.5±0.3)km/s、无防护情况下气瓶器壁的通孔孔径预测公式,为航天器遭遇空间碎片撞击的风险评估及防护措施制定提供依据。     

高温富油燃气超声速燃烧数值模拟

发展了二维超燃流场的数值模拟计算程序 ,用来进行高温富油燃气超燃流场的数值计算。数值解法采用了 Mac Cormack预估 -校正两步显式格式求解矢通分裂形式的 N- S方程组 ,湍流模型采用了壁面率修正的 Baldwin- Lomax代数方程模型和用于剪切混合层的普朗特混合长度模型。在超燃计算中 ,应用 C2 H4- O2 两步反应的有限速率化学反应模型 ,模拟高温富油燃气超燃试验的试验状态。计算结果表明 ,在高温富油燃气超燃流场中 ,热量释放较少     

翼型表面粗糙度对结冰的影响分析

飞机的结冰表面出现微小的凹凸不平,即形成所谓的粗糙度,对飞机气动性能产生一定的影响。在考虑表面粗糙度时,针对对流换热系数的计算建立了热力学模型,同时对只有单个粗糙微元的表面进行了流场计算和表面对流换热效果分析;然后利用边界层积分方法,对某一翼型光滑表面和不同程度的粗糙表面分别进行了流场计算、对流换热系数计算以及结冰冰形的模拟仿真。结果表明：结冰表面粗糙度很大程度增强了表面的对流换热效果,导致在翼型前缘位置结冰厚度更大、冰角突出更为明显并且距离驻点区域更近。     

基于跟踪微分器的多目标数据关联算法

根据目标在运动过程中位置与速度只能连续变化这一事实,提出了杂波环境下基于跟踪微分器的一种多目标数据关联算法.算法利用跟踪微分器得到目标波门内所有量测的位置与速度,通过将其与目标前一时刻的位置和速度的比较来实现在未知杂波环境下的多目标数据关联.该算法直接利用量测数据,不需要目标运动、传感器噪声及杂波的先验统计知识,在目标数已知杂波不很密集的情况下具有良好的数据关联能力.此算法计算量小、结构简单,与目标状态滤波估计算法完全分离,便于模块化设计和与其他滤波算法结合,易于工程实现.仿真结果验证了算法的有效性.     

Refinement of global ionospheric coefficients for GNSS applications: Methodology and results

We developed the methodology for the optimal estimation of global ionospheric coefficients of the current Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSSs), including the eight- and ten-parameter Klobuchar-like as well as NeQuick models. The ionospheric coefficients of those correction models are calculated from two sets of globally distributed tracking stations of the International GNSS Services (IGS). Performance of the re-estimated Klobuchar-like and NeQuick coefficients are validated during 2002–2014 over the continental and oceanic areas, respectively. Over the continental areas, GPS TECs derived from 40 ground GPS receivers are selected as reference. The eight-, ten-parameter Klobuchar-like and NeQuick models can mitigate the ionospheric delay by 65.8, 67.3 and 75.0%, respectively. Over the global oceans, the independent TECs derived from Jason-1&2 altimeters are used as reference. The re-estimated ionospheric correction models can mitigate 56.1–66.7% of the delay errors. Compared to the original GPS Ionospheric Correction Algorithm (ICA), performance of those eight-, ten-parameter Klobuchar-like and NeQuick models has improved 3.4, 5.9 and 13.4% during the whole test period, respectively. The methodology developed here takes the advantage of high-quality ionospheric TECs derived from the global network of GNSS receivers. The re-estimated ionospheric coefficients can be used as precise ionospheric products to monitor and assess GNSS broadcast ionospheric parameters and to improve the performance of various single-frequency GNSS applications.     

利用载人航天器进行热控涂层舱外搭载试验研究

为了解空间环境对热控涂层性能的影响,文章设计了舱外热控涂层搭载试验方案,包括试验件配置、在轨试验和回收方法。试验件在轨试验期间安放在载人航天器密封舱前舱门外,暴露于空间环境中;在实现对接、建立组合体后,航天员不需太空行走即可实施对搭载试验件的回收及再次安装等操作。该方案若成功应用并回收试验件至地面,我国将首次获得热控涂层空间飞行试验数据。     

Statistical study of energetic electrons in Jupiter’s inner magnetosphere by Juno/JEDI

The Juno spacecraft made the first in-situ observations of energetic particles in the polar region of Jupiter’s magnetosphere. After Jupiter Orbit Insertion (JOI) in July 2016, data from ~20 Juno perijoves (PJs) obtained by Juno/JEDI are accumulated, providing an excellent opportunity to study the long term spatio-temporal distribution of energetic particles in Jupiter’s radiation belt. We transform Juno’s position from a Cartesian to a magnetic coordinate system by tracing magnetic field lines based on a fourth order Runge-Kutta method. Then the fluxes of energetic electrons from PJ1 to PJ14 sorted by different locations in magnetic coordinate space and the data are well organized by the L-shell parameter. The variation of electron flux increases with L-shell. The deviation (the ratio of the 75th percentile to the 25th percentile) of 0.51 MeV electron flux varies from a factor of 1.23 near L = 9.5 to 27.57 near L = 15.5. However, the mean flux decreases by about one order of magnitude in the same region. The electron spectra at larger L-shells are softer than that at smaller L-shells. On the other hand, the electron flux decreases more rapidly with increased L-shell when the location is off the equator. Along an L-shell, the electron flux decrease at first and then increase again from equator to mid-latitude region. In addition, we compare the statistical results with the widely used GIRE2 model. JEDI data correspond well with the GIRE2 model when the L-shell is > 14.75. GIRE2 underestimate the electron flux for L-shell smaller than 13.25. These results of this analysis are applicable to estimate the effects of the radiation environment in Jupiter’s magnetosphere.