关于航天产品研制与生产中标准选用的几点思考

概述标准选用的定义,分析航天产品研制与生产中标准选用的现状及存在的问题,提出正确选用标准的方法、标准选用范围的编制和动态管理方法以及超范围选用等相关做法.     

用于合成金刚石薄膜的微波等离子体CVD系统

研制了一套功率容量大、结构合理、工作稳定的微波等离子体ＣＶＤ系统。描述了系统的基本结构和性能，讨论了它的特点。作者利用该系统，在单晶Ｓｉ等衬底材料上成功地合成了金刚石薄膜。     

Y7H─500型飞机高速特性适航试飞

根据民用飞机在投入营运之前，要按飞机适航标准进行适航取证试飞的要求，对Ｙ７Ｈ－５００型飞机进行了高速特性适航试飞验证。简要介绍了试验机概况、试飞方法和测试技术；讨论了Ｙ７Ｈ－５００型飞机的高速特性。试验结果表明，Ｙ７Ｈ－５００型飞机的高速特性符合ＣＣＡＲ－２５部要求。     

LGDFR法在起落架疲劳强度分析中的应用研究

原型飞机进行改型设计后,由于飞机的重量、重心变化,必将导致改型飞机起落架的载荷发生变化。应用细节疲劳额定值基本方法,利用原型飞机起落架的疲劳试验数据对改型飞机起落架的疲劳强度进行分析,称为起落架细节疲劳额定值方法。该方法较为简单、可靠、实用。     

浅谈民用客机货舱装饰的设计

描述了民用客机货舱装饰的设计要求和功能,以及货舱装饰常用的材料和安装形式.同时指出了货舱装饰设计中的要点,材料的选取和安装形式的确定是货舱装饰设计的重点.     

一类不确定非完整动力学系统的鲁棒控制

研究一类带有未知惯性参数、动静态摩擦及外界干扰的非完整动力学系统的鲁棒控制问题。基于齐次展开的思想,给出了一种鲁棒控制器设计方法,使得闭环系统的广义位置坐标指数镇定,广义速度渐近镇定。将所提出的方法应用于一类移动机器人的镇定控制,仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性     

A 2-D comparison of ionospheric convection derived from SuperDARN and DMSP measurements

Ion drift vectors measured by the DMSP satellites are compared with plasma convection vectors obtained by the SuperDARN HF radars through the standard Map Potential algorithm of Ruohoniemi and Baker [Ruohoniemi, M., Baker, K.B. Large-scale imaging of high-latitude convection with super dual auroral radar network HF radar observations. J. Geophys. Res. 103, 20797–20811, 1998]. Despite significant data spread, the agreement can be qualified as reasonable for a data set comprising of 149 satellite passes over the Northern Hemisphere at high latitudes. The slope of the best-fit line relating SuperDARN and DMSP velocity magnitudes is of the order of 0.3 with a tendency for the SuperDARN velocities to be smaller. The agreement between the azimuths of the ion drift and convection is better with the slope of the best-fit line being close to 1. It is shown that consistency between the radar and satellite measurements is much better if the SuperDARN line-of-sight velocities are compared with the DMSP cross-track ion drifts for events showing slow spatial and temporal variations of the convection. If areas of strong convection changes are included into comparison, the degree of agreement deteriorates drastically. This result implies that differences in the spatial and temporal resolutions of DMSP and SuperDARN measurements are crucial factors contributing to the observed discrepancies. In addition, some differences are introduced when the SuperDARN line-of-sight velocities are filtered and reprocessed into vectors with the application of a background convection model.     

Effect of boundary conditions on downstream vorticity from counter-rotating swirlers

Particle image velocimetry(PIV) is utilized to measure the non-reacting flow field in a reflow combustor with multiple and single swirlers. The velocity field, vortex structure and total vorticity levels are experimentally obtained using two different boundary conditions, representing a single confined swirler and multiple swirlers in an annular combustor. The influence of the boundary conditions on the flow field at several locations downstream of the swirlers is experimentally investigated, showing that the central vortex in the multi-swirler case is more concentrated than in the single-swirler case. The vorticity of the central vortex and average cross-sectional vorticity are relatively low at the swirler outlet in both cases. Both of these statistics gradually increase to the maximum values near 20 mm downstream of the swirler outlet, and subsequently decrease. It is also found that the central vortex in the multi-swirler case is consistently greater than the single-swirler case. These results demonstrate the critical influence of boundary conditions on flow characteristic of swirling flow, providing insight into the difference of the experiments on testbed combustor and the full-scale annular combustors.     

Trajectory tracking control for underactuated stratospheric airship

Stratospheric airship is a new kind of aerospace system which has attracted worldwide developing interests for its broad application prospects. Based on the trajectory linearization control (TLC) theory, a novel trajectory tracking control method for an underactuated stratospheric airship is presented in this paper. Firstly, the TLC theory is described sketchily, and the dynamic model of the stratospheric airship is introduced with kinematics and dynamics equations. Then, the trajectory tracking control strategy is deduced in detail. The designed control system possesses a cascaded structure which consists of desired attitude calculation, position control loop and attitude control loop. Two sub-loops are designed for the position and attitude control loops, respectively, including the kinematics control loop and dynamics control loop. Stability analysis shows that the controlled closed-loop system is exponentially stable. Finally, simulation results for the stratospheric airship to track typical trajectories are illustrated to verify effectiveness of the proposed approach.     

基于比例危险-比例优势模型的加速寿命试验设计

将基于信息的优化方法引入基于非参数模型的加速寿命试验优化设计中,针对恒定应力和步进应力两种应力加载方式,分别给出了基于比例危险-比例优势模型的试验优化设计方法.通过对数似然函数建立Fisher信息矩阵和方差-协方差矩阵,并采用基于信息的优化方法建立最优化问题.这种试验优化设计方法可以有效地提高模型参数评估精度,并且避免了传统的优化方法(即将一个与可靠性相关的函数的渐进方差在一个给定区间内的积分值作为优化目标)当目标函数中给定的积分区间变化时将得到不同优化结果的局限.最后给出了应用该方法进行加速寿命试验优化设计的仿真实例.