大涵道比涡扇发动机侧风试验方法研究

侧风条件对大涵道比涡扇发动机性能稳定性有重要影响。为开展大涵道比涡扇发动机侧风试验,分析了侧风试验标准要求及侧风发生装置的工作原理与调试标定方法,进行了大涵道比涡扇发动机侧风试验研究,制定了侧风试验数据分析方法。开发了1种用于模拟侧风环境的试验装置,并提出了1种风速标定方法和开展侧风试验的程序。结果表明:该试验装置可有效实现航空发动机侧风试验环境,该标定方法可得到侧风试验装置工作状态与试验所需风速之间的映射关系,具有重要的工程指导意义。     

运载火箭全捷联惯性/星光复合制导研究

全捷联惯性/星光复合制导是运载火箭空间快速响应发射的重要途径.针对捷联惯性制导系统中初始定位定向误差、初始调平对准误差及惯性器件漂移等3类主要误差因素,建立了运载火箭的数字平台基准偏差模型和导航误差模型,并提出了一种双星修正策略方案.数值仿真分析了各误差因素对捷联惯性导航精度的影响,并进一步验证了该复合制导方案的可行性...     

大型氦制冷机的净化系统

氦制冷机是我国大型空间环境模拟器的重要组成部分,是完成红外相机定标试验、航天器运动部件超高真空冷焊试验的关键部件.文章介绍了氦制冷机净化系统的组成及设备性能.化系统在定标试验中的有效运转保证了氦制冷机可靠运行.     

高强韧稀土镁合金筋板类构件等温精锻工艺

主要研究高强韧稀土镁合金筋板类构件等温精锻工艺及随后的锻件微观组织与性能的控制。通过Deform软件对典型筋板类构件的等温精锻工艺进行模拟研究,通过分析等温精锻工艺过程中金属材料的流动趋势及可能出现的问题,提出相应的解决方案,在随后的实验过程中,成功成形出具有高筋薄腹板的典型筋板类锻件。研究结果表明:筋板类构件等温精锻过程中在两个侧筋相交的位置充填最为困难,利用有限元方法对坯料尺寸进行优化设计,有效地改善了金属在复杂模具型腔内的充填能力,并降低了等温成形载荷,成形出表面质量良好的稀土镁合金精锻件。通过200℃时效63 h后,高强韧稀土镁合金筋板类构件的强度达到峰值,其峰值抗拉、屈服强度和延伸率分别为371、243 MPa和4.07%。β’相和长周期相在基体上的弥散分布是锻件获得较高强度的主要原因。锻件断口在未时效处理状态下主要为韧性断裂,而随着时效过程的进行,断裂方式逐渐转变为准解理断裂。     

城乡文化资源配置的激励机制构建——以中原经济区为例

中华文化的正根、正统是中原文化,发展文化产业的基础是资源.中原经济区有着明显的文化资源优势,文化产业的振兴是中原崛起的重要支柱,没有文化内涵、文化资源缺乏合理配置的中原经济区不能成为真正意义上的中原经济区.中原经济区底蕴深厚、内涵丰富的文化具有走向现代、面向全国乃至世界的天然优势,但底蕴的彰显需要现代科学理念和机制构建来推动.因此,在推动中原经济区文化产业发展的进程中,深入探讨如何从激励机制的构建来进一步盘活中原经济区城乡文化资源的配置,是一项有重大意义的课题.激励机制的研究有利于提高城乡文化资源的高效配置,更好地为建设繁荣和富强的中原经济区文化而服务,有利于进一步促进和加快中原经济区城乡文化资源向文化产品和文化产业方向的顺势转型.     

Effects of geometrical parameters on wrinkling of thin-walled rectangular aluminum alloy wave-guide tubes in rotary-draw bending

Inner flange and side wrinkling often occur in rotary-draw bending process of rectangular aluminum alloy wave-guide tubes, and the distribution and magnitude of wrinkling is related to geometrical parameters of the tubes. In order to study the effects of geometrical parameters on wrinkling of rectangular wave-guide tubes, a 3D-FE model for rotary-draw bending processes of thin-walled rectangular aluminum alloy wave-guide tubes was built based on the platform of ABA-QUS/Explicit, and its reliability was validated by experiments. Simulation and analysis of the influence laws of geometrical parameters on the wave heights of inner flange and side wrinkling were then carried out. The results show that inner flange wrinkling is the main wrinkling way to rectan- gular wave-guide tubes in rotary-draw bending processes, but side wrinkling cannot be neglected because side wrinkling is 2/3 of inner flange wrinkling when b and h are smaller. Inner flange and side wrinkling increase with increasing b and h; the influence of b on side wrinkling is larger than that of h, while both b and h affect inner flange wrinkling greatly. Inner flange and side wrinkling decrease with increasing R/h; the influence of h on inner flange and side wrinkling is larger than that of R.     

基于材料微观特性的涡轮盘疲劳裂纹萌生寿命数值仿真

 为了研究材料微观特性对结构疲劳寿命的影响,根据Tanaka-Mura疲劳裂纹萌生寿命计算理论,模拟某镍基粉末合金涡轮盘喉道表面疲劳裂纹萌生寿命。利用泰森多边形生成法,模拟微观多晶结构,建立宏-细观模型相结合的三维仿真模型。实现3项关键技术:1)在三维模型中模拟了面心立方晶体中{111}面族的12条主滑移系;2)应用缺口根部裂纹萌生的Tanaka-Mura理论模型模拟一条微裂纹在另一条裂纹尖端萌生;3)模拟了微裂纹的起裂、扩展与联合过程,最终形成一条宏观裂纹。对某表面带刀痕涡轮盘疲劳裂纹萌生寿命数值仿真结果与真盘试验结果相差20%。研究表明,减小晶粒尺寸、降低表面粗糙度、形成表面压缩残余应变以及析出沉淀颗粒都有利于提高涡轮盘的疲劳裂纹萌生寿命。     

舰载遥测设备伺服跟踪视轴稳定方法研究

论述了舰船摇摆对视轴稳定的影响,给出了由于舰船摇摆所引起的视轴附加角速度公式;分析了陀螺稳定回路的性能,给出了数学模型。所采用的视轴稳定方法,经过海上试验,船摇隔离度满足技术指标的要求。     

A Celestial Analytic Positioning Method by Stellar Horizon Atmospheric Refraction

This article, in allusion to the limitation of conventional stellar horizon atmospheric refraction based on orbital dynamics model and nonlinear Kalman filter in practical applications, proposes a new celestial analytic positioning method by stellar horizon atmospheric refraction for high-altitude flight vehicles, such as spacecraft, airplanes and ballistic missiles. First, by setting up the geometric connexion among the flight vehicle, the Earth and the altitude of starlight refraction, an expression for the relationship of starlight refraction angle and atmospheric density is deduced. Second, there are produced a novel measurement model of starlight refraction in a continuous range of altitudes (CRA) from 20 km to 50 km on the basis of the standard atmospheric data in stratosphere, and an empirical formula of stellar horizon atmospheric refraction in the same altitudes against the tangent altitude. Third, there is introduced a celestial analytic positioning algorithm, which uses the least square differential correction instead of nonlinear Kalman filter. The information about positions of a flight vehicle can be obtained directly by solving a set of nonlinear measurement equations. The stellar positioning algorithm adopts the characteristics of stellar horizon atmospheric refraction thereby removing needs for orbit dynamics models and priori knowledge of flight vehicles. The simulation results evidence the validity of the proposed stellar positioning algorithm.     

Assessing attitude error of FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC satellites and its impact on orbit determination

An attitude determination and control system (ADCS) is critical to satellite attitude maneuvers and to the coordinate transformation from the inertial frame to the spacecraft frame. This paper shows specific sensors in the ADCS of the satellite mission FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC (F3/C) and the impact of the ADCS quality on orbit accuracy. The selection of main POD antenna depends on the beta angles of the different F3/C satellites (for FM2 and FM4) during the inflight phase. In particular, under the eclipse, alternative attitude sensors are activated to replace the Sun sensors, and such a sensor change leads to anomalous GPS phase residuals and a degraded orbit accuracy. Since the nominal attitude serves as a reference for ADCS, the 3-dimensional attitude-induced errors in reduced dynamic orbits over selected days in 2010 show 9.35, 10.78, 4.97, 5.48, 7.18, and 6.89 cm for FM1–FM6. Besides, the 3-dimensional velocity errors induced by the attitude effect are 0.10, 0.10, 0.07, 0.08, 0.09, and 0.10 for FM1–FM6. We analyze the quality of the observed attitude transformation matrix of F3/C and its impact on kinematic orbit determination. With 249 days of GPS in 2008, the analysis leads to the following averaged 3-dimensional attitude-induced orbit errors: 2.72, 2.62, 2.37, 1.90, 1.70, and 1.99 cm for satellites FM1–FM6. Critical suggestions of geodetic payloads for the follow-on mission of F3/C are presented based on the current result.