发展先进焊接技术 助力中国航空工业——访北京赛福斯特技术有限公司总工程师李从卿

搅拌摩擦焊技术由于其独特的优势,为我国制造业带来革命性的影响.作为中国地区搅拌摩擦焊技术的推广中心--北京赛福斯特技术有限公司近年来在搅拌摩擦焊技术的研发和推广中取得了重大的进展,为搅拌摩擦焊在中国的发展、推广和应用开启了大门.     

航空航天先进特种焊接技术应用调查报告

<正>作为航空航天领域的关键连接技术,特种焊接技术是实现各种材料构件连接的重要途径和手段,也是实现飞行器的整体、轻质、高效目标的必由之路。为更好地满足国防工业发展的需要,全方位地了解先进特种焊接技术及设备在航空航天领域的应用现状和需求,本刊特以"航空航天先进特种焊接技术应用"为主题展开调查,力求通过我们的调查为焊接设备供应商和航空航天领域用户搭建交流平台,了解焊接用户的需求及其在推广应用中的问题,以便更好地为焊接设备供应商的产品研发、生产及销售提供参考,为用户更好地选购设备提供帮助,更好地服务于航空航天行业。     

创新超越宏博远达——本刊总编辑刘柱对话北京宏博远达科技有限公司董事长徐楷巍先生

作为一家致力于为中国企业提供信息化整体解决方案的公司,北京宏博远达科技有限公司长期专注于制造业信息化建设.凭借着领先的技术和专业的开发、实施团队,公司在极短的时间内就得到了业界广大客户的信任和支持,现已成为国产航空信息化软件领域名副其实的黑马,在实现中国成长型企业管理变革的进程中扮演着越来越重要的角色.近日,本刊总编辑刘柱专访了北京宏博远达科技有限公司董事长徐楷巍先生,双方就公司的发展和国产软件的发展做了深入的交流.     

NASA Family Science Night: Changing perceptions one family at a time

Parents and families have the greatest influence on children’s attitudes towards education and career choices. If students’ attitudes towards science, particularly the physical sciences, are not influenced positively by parental/familial attitudes, efforts to improve the quality of content and teaching of these subjects in school may be futile. Research shows that parental involvement increases student achievement outcomes, and family-oriented programs have a direct impact on student performance.     

立足客户创新发展——本刊总编辑刘柱与ESI中国公司总裁张苏先生对话

2006年法国ESI集团与ATE公司的携手,曾引起了CAE界的轰动.经过这些年的发展,ESI集团已成为样机和虚拟制造方案的先驱和世界领先企业.最近,ESI集团推出了新的公司标识和口号,这标志着ESI集团进入了公司发展历史上的又一个新阶段.近日,本刊总编辑刘柱专访了ESI中国公司总裁张苏先生,就公司的发展做了深入的交流.     

Editorial to the Topical Collection: Role of Sample Return in Addressing Major Questions in Planetary Sciences

Space Science Reviews - Spectral retrieval has long been a powerful tool for interpreting planetary remote sensing observations. Flexible, parameterised, agnostic models are coupled with inversion...     

A combinatorial approach to biochemical space: description and application to the redox distribution of metabolism

Redox chemistry is central to life on Earth. It is well known that life uses redox chemistry to capture energy from environmental chemical energy gradients. Here, we propose that a second use of redox chemistry, related to building biomass from environmental carbon, is equally important to life. We apply a method based on chemical structure to evaluate the redox range of different groups of terrestrial biochemicals, and find that they are consistently of intermediate redox range. We hypothesize the common intermediate range is related to the chemical space required for the selection of a consistent set of metabolites. We apply a computational method to show that the redox range of the chemical space shows the same restricted redox range as the biochemicals that are selected from that space. By contrast, the carbon from which life is composed is available in the environment only as fully oxidized or reduced species. We therefore argue that redox chemistry is essential to life for assembling biochemicals for biomass building. This biomass-building reason for life to require redox chemistry is in addition (and in contrast) to life's use of redox chemistry to capture energy. Life's use of redox chemistry for biomass capture will generate chemical by-products-that is, biosignature gases-that are not in redox equilibrium with life's environment. These potential biosignature gases may differ from energy-capture redox biosignatures.     

An astrophysical view of Earth-based metabolic biosignature gases

Microbial life on Earth uses a wide range of chemical and energetic resources from diverse habitats. An outcome of this microbial diversity is an extensive and varied list of metabolic byproducts. We review key points of Earth-based microbial metabolism that are useful to the astrophysical search for biosignature gases on exoplanets, including a list of primary and secondary metabolism gas byproducts. Beyond the canonical, unique-to-life biosignature gases on Earth (O(2), O(3), and N(2)O), the list of metabolic byproducts includes gases that might be associated with biosignature gases in appropriate exoplanetary environments. This review aims to serve as a starting point for future astrophysical biosignature gas research.     

Microbial rock inhabitants survive hypervelocity impacts on Mars-like host planets: first phase of lithopanspermia experimentally tested

The scenario of lithopanspermia describes the viable transport of microorganisms via meteorites. To test the first step of lithopanspermia, i.e., the impact ejection from a planet, systematic shock recovery experiments within a pressure range observed in martian meteorites (5-50 GPa) were performed with dry layers of microorganisms (spores of Bacillus subtilis, cells of the endolithic cyanobacterium Chroococcidiopsis, and thalli and ascocarps of the lichen Xanthoria elegans) sandwiched between gabbro discs (martian analogue rock). Actual shock pressures were determined by refractive index measurements and Raman spectroscopy, and shock temperature profiles were calculated. Pressure-effect curves were constructed for survival of B. subtilis spores and Chroococcidiopsis cells from the number of colony-forming units, and for vitality of the photobiont and mycobiont of Xanthoria elegans from confocal laser scanning microscopy after live/dead staining (FUN-I). A vital launch window for the transport of rock-colonizing microorganisms from a Mars-like planet was inferred, which encompasses shock pressures in the range of 5 to about 40 GPa for the bacterial endospores and the lichens, and a more limited shock pressure range for the cyanobacterium (from 5-10 GPa). The results support concepts of viable impact ejections from Mars-like planets and the possibility of reseeding early Earth after asteroid cataclysms.