Media reaction to a SETI success

Consideration of the reaction to a SETI detection by the media, and the effect this will have on the public, is more than mere sociological speculation. An accurate forecast of the media's interest can lead to actions that will help ensure that correct and comprehensible information reaches the public. This is most critical in the first few weeks following a discovery. While a widely accepted protocol for dealing with a detection exists in the "Declaration of Principles Following the Detection of Extraterrestrial Intelligence," it gives scant consideration to the fact that the actual situation will be chaotic and not subject to easy control. The 1996 story about the possible discovery of martian microfossils has provided a useful precedent for what will happen if astronomers uncover the existence of alien intelligence.     

The Soviet manned lunar programme and its legacy

In the last two years the USSR has not only acknowledged publicly for the first time that it was trying to ‘race’ the USA to put the first man on the Moon, but they have finally given some details of the programme, the equipment and the political in-fighting which ensured that the programme was a failure. This article traces the history of the Soviet manned lunar programme and also discusses the implications for the future development of the Soviet manned programme of the giant N-1 booster's cancellation in 1974.     

印刷电路板缺陷焊点的自动检测

本文首先从国内外的发展现状,概述了印刷电路板缺陷焊点的几种检测手段。并着重介绍了作者与其同事们正在研制的激光全息印刷电路板焊点缺陷自动检测系统。     

劳（Lao）喷管扩张段优化设计的数值方法研究

本文建立了火箭发动机喷管扩张段优化设计（Lao喷管）的型面曲线近似作图法的数学模型，将作图法转化为等价的优化问题，并给出了优化问题解的迭代方法，最后采用泛函网络的方法对离散的数值解进行了曲线拟合，以便于数控加工的编程。     

A parametric study of space transfer/upper propulsion stages

For Space Transportation System (i.e. Space Shuttle) launched satellites destined for a Geosynchronous Earth Orbit (GEO), there is a need for cost-effective, versatile propulsion systems to provide the perigee burn, i.e. to boost the satellite from Low Earth Orbit (LEO) to Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit (GTO). Surveys of commercial spacecraft activities and future GEO satellite requirements indicate that a spacecraft propulsion system that will provide the perigee burn for a broad range of future commercial satellites would have an excellent market potential.Parametric studies to investigate and define attractive perigee-burn upper propulsion systems (i.e. an Upper Propulsion Stage, or a UPS) are presented. The feasibility and payload capacilities that could be provided by a UPS assembled from essentially off-the-shelf components and subsystems, and the benefits that could be achieved by using major subsystems specifically tailored for the application are presented. The results indicate that attractive UPS configurations can be defined using either off-the-shelf or optimized major subsystems.     

Low-velocity detonations in cast and pressed high explosives

A model of low velocity detonations in charges of cast and pressed high explosives confined in metal tubes with thin walls is suggested. An analytical solution is obtained and velocities and pressures of stationary LVD waves are calculated as functions of the parameters of the wall confinement. The fraction of the total chemical energy transferred to maintain the shock wave and the average rate of reaction in the wave are estimated and the dynamics of transient predetonation processes are analysed. An explanation of the causes of the secondary shock wave formation in the transition from deflagration to normal detonations is suggested and the delay of this secondary wave is calculated and compared with experimental data.     

"伽利略"--欧洲的全球卫星导航系统(上)

2005年12月18日,由斯达西姆公司经营的俄制联盟-弗雷盖特运载火箭从拜科努尔发射场升空,将欧洲“伽利略”全球卫星导航系统的第一颗验证卫星送入轨道。这表明由欧空局和欧盟联手建造的“伽利略”系统向全面投入使用迈出了第一步。称为GIOVE-A的这颗卫星被成功地送入高23258公里、倾角56度的一条圆形轨道。     

不同晶粒形状材料力学性能的研究

采用有限元的方法来模拟纳米压痕实验的加、卸载过程,采用的是简化的二维模型,有限元模型考虑了纳米压痕的标准Berkovich压头,介绍了有限元模型的几何参数、边界条件、材料特性与加载方式。从所得到的载荷与压入深度的关系曲线,以及由此计算而得到的硬度-位移曲线等为依据,对在纳米压痕测试过程中,不同的晶粒截面形状以及截面面积对整体材料的力学性能的影响进行了分析讨论。研究表明,在晶粒截面面积相等的情况下,当纳米压痕实验压入相同的深度时,晶粒的截面形状为矩形的材料的硬度高于晶粒的截面形状为三角形的材料的硬度,而且,当晶粒的截面形状相同的情况下,整体材料的硬度与晶粒截面面积存在一种近似的正比例关系。这种研究结果说明,即使在材料相同的情况下,如果晶粒的截面形状不同,由于力学传递关系的不同,仍然能够使得薄膜具有不同的宏观力学性能。     

大尺寸工件测量中的温度误差修正

着重讨论了大尺寸工件测量中影响温度误差修正精度的主要因素,修正精度主要受模型误差、温度误差、线膨胀系数误差和温度梯度影响,其中,线膨胀系数误差对精度影响最大。引入微分膨胀系数,提出了更精确的温度误差修正模型,利用此模型对自研的形心轴线、型面点坐标测量系统的纵轴测量数据进行了温度误差修正,有效地提高了测量精度,降低了温度误差修正后的不确定度,确保了大尺寸高精度测量的实现。     

天基微小卫星平台初步研究

介绍了国内外微小卫星平台的发展概况、特点和应用前景,阐述了天基微小卫星平台的体系结构、设计方法及系统特点,分析了天基微小卫星平台的关键技术和实现的技术途径。