从王国维谈人文素质

撷王国维博大深沉学术之一粟,试对王国维所蕴含和阐发的人文素质做一个简约的梳理,以期窥其特质,集心香一瓣,并引为今人启迪。     

半球型零件球面精密珩磨技术研究

作为精密加工技术之一,珩磨工艺往往用于内孔的光整加工.本文在分析球面研磨与珩磨加工特点的基础上,对球面精密珩磨加工技术进行深入研究,主要包括球面珩磨加工原理,珩磨头磨料选取和结构设计,球面珩磨速度参数对表面轨迹的影响,以及珩磨头压力对加工效果的影响研究.根据以上研究结果,对一批产品进行工艺试验,结果表明,采用球面珩磨技术加工出的零件能够满足产品的各项精度指标,同时加工效率较球面研磨提高3倍.     

单轮前起落架前轮静态地面操纵力矩特性研究

为了开展前起落架前轮静态地面操纵力矩研究,介绍单轮前起落架前轮静态地面操纵力矩的组成,对各个分力矩特性进行研究,重点推导各个分力矩的数学计算公式,并计算各操纵力矩与操纵角度的关系。结果表明:克服前轮地面摩擦力所需的操纵力矩最大,克服主轮滚动摩擦力所需的操纵力矩和偏转前轮上举飞机所需的操纵力矩在大角度操纵前轮时较大。     

超声速弹丸诱导爆轰波的无网格数值模拟

为研究锥角对超声速弹丸诱导爆轰波形态的影响,发展了耦合有限速率化学反应模型的最小二乘显式无网格算法,其流体动力学采用含化学反应源项的多组分Euler方程建模,对流项和时间项分别采用多组分HLLC(Harten-Lax-van Leer-Contact)格式和四阶Runge-Kutta法计算。对尖劈诱导斜爆轰以及激波诱导燃烧流场进行了模拟,验证了算法的有效性。最后对等当量比甲烷/空气预混气体中,不同锥角弹丸诱导爆轰波流场进行了模拟,云图同实验阴影照片吻合较好,结果表明当锥角处于70°~100°时,易形成驻定斜爆轰波;锥角较小不利于可燃混合气体的点燃,仅能形成驻定斜激波;过大的锥角将导致爆轰波的脱体。     

Adaptive recognition and correction of baseline shifts from collocated GPS and accelerometer using two phases Kalman filter

The real-time recognition and precise correction of baseline shifts in strong-motion records is a critical issue for GPS and accelerometer combined processing. This paper proposes a method to adaptively recognize and correct baseline shifts in strong-motion records by utilizing GPS measurements using two phases Kalman filter. By defining four kinds of learning statistics and criteria, the time series of estimated baseline shifts can be divided into four time intervals: initialization, static, transient and permanent. During the time interval in which the transient baseline shift is recognized, the dynamic noise of the Kalman filter system and the length of the baseline shifts estimation window are adaptively adjusted to yield a robust integration solution. The validations from an experimental and real datasets show that acceleration baseline shifts can be precisely recognized and corrected, thus, the combined system adaptively adjusted the estimation strategy to get a more robust solution.     

Application of reliability technologies in civil aviation: Lessons learnt and perspectives

We consider reliability engineering in modern civil aviation industry, and the related engineering activities and methods. We consider reliability in a broad sense, referring to other system characteristics that are related to it, like availability, maintainability, safety and durability. We covered the entire lifecycle of the equipment, including reliability requirement identification, reliability analysis and design, verification and validation of reliability requirements (typically involved in the equipment design and development phase), quality assurance (which typically enters in the manufacturing phase), and fault diagnosis and prognosis and maintenance (which are connected to the operation phase). Lessons learnt from reliability engineering practices in civil aviation industry are given, which might serve as reference for reliability managers and engineers, also from other industries with high reliability requirements.     

高超声速飞行器底层性能评价指标的可行性分析

针对控制性能指标是否适用于高超声速飞行任务评价，研究了底层指标的可行性分析方法。首先分析了高超声速飞行器的模型特性，指出底层指标具备高超声速飞行器评价可行性的两点要求。根据上述要求将可行性分析转化为对于任务变量到底层评价指标的映射分析，并提出了一种基于统计实验分析的检验方法。结合高超声速飞行器模型特点，进一步设计了可行性分析流程。然后，分别以静态任务要求和速度、高度跟踪任务要求为例，对应提出频域性能指标和时域性能指标的可行性分析方法。最后针对频域性能指标评价静态任务的可行性设计仿真实验加以验证。仿真结果表明可行性分析的结论与军标观点一致，而且所提出的分析流程具有较好的可实现性。     

基于变权重变异鸽群优化的无人机空中加油自抗扰控制器设计

针对空中加油过程中的受油机模型建模误差和强扰动以及自抗扰控制器（ADRC）人工参数整定难的问题，提出了一种基于变权重变异鸽群优化（VWMPIO）算法的无人机自抗扰控制器优化算法。首先，给出了六自由度无人机（UAV）模型，基于自抗扰控制结构设计了一种受油机的姿态控制器，在此基础上用所提出的变权重变异鸽群优化算法整定了自抗扰控制器参数。随后，将变权重变异鸽群优化与其他基本鸽群优化算法、粒子群优化算法进行了实验对比，并从控制性能和抗噪声性能的角度对自抗扰控制器和传统的比例-微分-积分（PID）控制器进行了仿真对比。实验结果表明所提算法能提高复杂态势环境下无人机空中加油的控制精度和扰动抑制性能。