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561.
During strong magnetic storms in July and November of 2004 the fluxes of trapped particles (protons and electrons of MeV energies)
in the Earth’s radiation belts have increased by orders of magnitude and then decreased remaining on an enhanced level for
several months. These enhancements allowed us to study the processes of relaxation of the radiation belts. Measurements of
energetic particles by low-altitude satellites Coronas-F and Servis-1 have shown that predictions of the theory about the rate of pitch-angle diffusion are not always correct, giving both overestimated
and underestimated values for the lifetime of energetic particles. 相似文献
562.
The observation of the galactic anticenter region by the balloon borne gamma-ray telescope Natalya-I
A.F. Iyudin V.G. Kirillov-Ugryumov Yu.D. Kotov Yu.V. Smirnov L.V. Kurnosova M.I. Fradkin S.V. Damle B.V. Sreekantan G.S. Gokhale P.K. Kunte 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1983,3(4):53-56
This paper presents the results of measurements of gamma radiation with energies above 5 MeV, from the galactic anticenter region. The balloon-borne gamma ray telescope “Natalya-I”, was launched on 6 November, 1980 from the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research's Balloon Facility (Hyderabad, India) and reached ceiling altitude of 35 km. The results on the accelerator calibration of the telescope, using a “tagged” gamma ray beam are also presented. 相似文献
563.
T.L. Gulyaeva 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1982,2(10):191-194
The shape of electron density profile in the International Reference Ionosphere could be improved significantly if the height hg and electron density Ng of the F region sub-peak inflexion point were entered in the set of the profile standard parameters. To study variations of these important parameters, the N(h) analysis of the statistically-summarized ionograms at the latitudes of 40–80°N of the Eastern hemisphere has been carried out for the two-hours intervals of local time, three seasons (winter, equinox and summer) and two levels of solar activities characterized by Covington indicesF10.7 = 100 and 200. It is shown that the parameters of the inflexion point can be expressed in most cases via the peak parameters of the F2 layer ashg= 0.8 hmF2 and Ng= 0.5 NmF2. 相似文献
564.
Kretschmer F.F. Feng-Ling C. Lin Lewis B.L. 《IEEE transactions on aerospace and electronic systems》1983,(3):398-404
An analysis based on statistical considerations and Monte Carlo simulations indicates that a noncoherent moving target indicator (MTI) using a linear envelope detector differs from one using a square law envelope detector. The square law envelope detector is usually described in the literature because of ease of analysis, and it is commonly stated or implied that the results are the same for the two cases because of the similar spectral characteristics of the detectors. A comparison is made between the two noncoherent MTIs and the coherent MTI in terms of clutter attenuation and MTI improvement factors. 相似文献
565.
Concatenated sequences are suggested and developed for use in spread spectrum (SS) systems. Special receiver realization is discussed and it is shown that the concatenated sequences offer great advantage in reducing the size of the matched filter correlators (MFC) in the SS receiver. Experimental systems have been built using concatenated sequences and their performance is reported here. It has been shown that a processing gain of 60 is obtainable with a 15 × 4 concatenated sequence which requires three tapped delay lines (TDL), two of length 15 and one of 4. Thus a total of only 34 delay units (with a nonlinear interface network, only 19 delay units) are required. Teleprinter signals can be transmitted over telephone channels using a bandwidth (BW) expansion of 60 with an input signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of only -5.1 dB, resulting in a character- error-rate of 1 in 103. Techniques have been developed to reduce the sidelobe levels in the aperiodic autocorrelation functions (ACF) of the pseudonoise (PN) codes. For 15 length and 7 length PN sequences, sidelobes are reduced by 9 dB and 9.4 dB, respectively, using transversal filters. Application of the SS systems to the problem of multiaccessing and antijamming are discussed. 相似文献
566.
James M. Russell Ellis E. Remsberg John C. Gille Larry L. Gordley 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1981,1(4):271-277
The Limb Infrared Monitor of the Stratosphere (LIMS) experiment is a limb scanning infrared sounder designed to measure vertical temperature profiles and the concentrations of key chemical compounds which are important in the stratospheric ozone-nitrogen photochemistry. This paper describes results from the O3 and HNO3 channels with emphasis on validation of the data. Similar discussions of results from the other channels are presented in two companion papers published in these proceedings. 相似文献
567.
Distributed filtering using set models 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
A distributed filtering algorithm using set models with confidence values is derived. No noise distribution statistics are needed. The only information required is the confidence values from which the modeling and measurement errors and the initial values are obtained. Therefore, the algorithm has great potential for real-world applications 相似文献
568.
We review the X- and gamma-ray observations of Cygnus X-1 and their theoretical interpretations, with emphasis on new developments since the mid-1970's. The overall data base at present is most consistent with the inverse Compton model by hot thermal electrons of T
e 109 K, for the hard X-ray luminosity (10–200 keV). However, the origin of the soft X-rays ( 10 keV) in high states and gamma rays (> 200 keV) remain unsettled.Operated under DOE Contract W-7405-Eng-48.Partially supported by NASA Grant NGR 05-020-668.NRC/NRL Research Associate. 相似文献
569.
P Groza R Vrancianu M Lazar R M Baevski V L Funtova 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1984,4(10):11-14
Heart rate, systolic time intervals (pre-ejection period, left ventricular ejection time , ejection friction, stroke volume and QT interval of two cosmonauts (Leonid Popov--L.P. and Dumitru Prunariu--D.P.) were studied before, during, and after an ergometric bicycle exercise test performed before and after the seven-day Soviet-Romanian orbital flight on the Soyuz 40-Salyut 6 Complex in May 1981. For this purpose one precordial electrocardiogram (ecg) and the ear photodensitopram (den) were recorded stimulaneously. The method used permitted recording even during exercise, Ecg and den signals were stored on magnetic tape, processed in an analogue device and in a digital computer. The data obtained after landing suggest a slight cardiac deconditioning in L.P., demonstrated especially by augmentation of the pre-ejection period, which was unchanged in D.P. corresponding to a sympathoadrenergic hypertonia. The seven-day orbital flight has not produced important cardiovascular changes. 相似文献
570.
This note deals with the effect of the common process noise on the fusion (combination) of the state estimates of a target based on measurements obtained by two different sensors. This problem arises in a multisensor environment where each sensor has its information processing (tracking) subsystem. In the case of an ?-? tracking filter the effect of the process noise is that, over a wide range of its variance, the uncertainty area corresponding to the fused estimates is about 70 percent of the single-sensor uncertainty area as opposed to 50 percent obtained if the dependence is ignored. 相似文献