用推力矢量控制技术改进超声速飞行器空气动力特性

为了提高某超声速飞机的空气动力学效率和机动性能,本文采用低阶的三维板块法和DATCOM半经验公式,在亚声速和超声速条件下,对不同马赫数和迎角情况计算了基本气动外形的飞机空气动力学特性、表面压力分布以及最大升力。此外还开发了一套软件以实现由引进的先进气动操纵面（如鸭翼等）控制的二维推力矢量技术。试验结果表明：气动操纵面结合推力矢量技术能够产生足够的低头力矩,且有能力满足高度机动飞行时的稳定性要求。此外,不论是亚声速还是超声速飞行,气动操纵面均可以提高气动效率5％-6％。     

电视自导引制导武器仿真研究

简述了精确制导武器在现代信息化战争中的重要地位和作用.建立了电视自动寻的制导导弹的完整模型,包括了传感器模型、过载控制模型、自动驾驶仪及导引头模型.通过对全弹道的三维仿真确定了该导弹的毁伤概率,命中精度等评估指标,并分析了各种干扰因素对空地导弹命中精度的影响.仿真验证了所提出模型的正确性,也为实弹打靶提供了有效的辅助决策作用.     

利用几何遗传方法优化前缘翼根延伸的外形以增强飞行器升力系数和机动性

为了提高所选定飞行器模型的机动性,采用了一种标准遗传算法设计前缘翼根延伸(LEX).同时使用一种由三维低阶板方法结合DATCOM方法半经验公式的改进方法预测复杂外形飞行器(机身 机翼 尾翼)的空气动力载荷和最大升力系数.结果表明,在前缘翼根存在的情况下,升力系数在马赫数为0.4～0.8时提升了20.5%～15.3%,在马赫数为1.2时提升了6.8%,在马赫数为0.2～0.95之间升力系数最大值提升了9.5%～15%.在1～5 km的高度亚音速飞行时,其回转率得到了6.6%～8.0%的提升.     

应力波天平在国内激波风洞上的应用

介绍了应力波天平的特点、原理,通过应力波天平设计、制作、校准、试验、数据处理等方面在中国空气动力研究与发展中心φ0.6m激波风洞上的应用情况,指出有必要在国内激波风洞上更进一步地开展应力波天平测力技术.     

双立尾/三角翼布局的立尾抖振研究

在北航的风洞中进行了双立尾-三角翼布局的立尾抖振实验,目的是研究立尾抖振产生的原因.主要采用了激光测振仪测立尾加速度和动态压力传感器测立尾表面的动态压力的实验方法.实验结果表明在旋涡破裂以后,立尾上就会产生强烈的抖振.抖振是由立尾上表面压力的周期性脉动造成的.对机翼和立尾表面的压力频谱分析表明,立尾上的压力脉动来源于机翼前旋涡破裂流中的螺旋波.对于本实验使用的模型来说,当机翼迎角α=0°~20°范围,由于流动是附着流和涡流,所以立尾没有明显抖振;当机翼迎角在α=20°~56°范围,立尾处在破裂涡流的范围,立尾抖振明显,并且抖振强度在35°~50°之间达到最大.因此,三角翼破裂涡流中的螺旋波正是双立尾产生抖振的主要原因.     

大迎角试验数据精度及影响因素分析

着重分析了粗糙带、偏航角β、模型抖动以及滤波频率、采样时间和样本长度等因素对于大迎角试验数据精度的影响.结果认为:常规试验采用的滤波频率会导致关键气动信息的丢失,滤波频率的选取尤为重要;弯刀系统的横向刚度是影响大迎角数据精度的一个重要因素,试验中如何降低其横向刚度的影响是一难点.     

大攻角流动的非定常特性分析

本文首先通过动态测量手段研究了大攻角流场中的能量成分,分析了各种成分引发的非定常性对大攻角流动的影响。结果表明大攻角流动本身是一种“涡行为”,非定常性对大攻角流动非对称性的影响较弱,影响大攻角流动的本质因素是涡的动力不稳定性对于前体不确定小扰动的响应。     

Four-peak longitudinal distribution of the equatorial plasma bubbles observed in the topside ionosphere: Possible troposphere tide influence

In this paper we consider an idea of the troposphere tide influence on the character of the longitudinal variations in the distribution of the equatorial plasma bubbles (EPBs) observed in the topside ionosphere. For this purpose, the obtained EPB longitudinal patterns were compared with the thermosphere and ionosphere characteristics having the prominent “wave-like” longitudinal structures with wave number 4, which are uniquely associated with the influence of the troposphere DE3 tides. The characteristics of the equatorial mass density anomaly (EMA), equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA), zonal wind and pre-reversal E?×?B drift enhancement (PRE) were used for comparison. The equinox seasons during high solar activity were under consideration. It was obtained that the longitudinal patterns of the EMA and zonal wind show the surprising similarity with the EPB distributions (R???0.8, R???0.72). On the other hand, the resemblance with the ionosphere characteristics (EIA, PRE) is rather faint (R???0.37, R???0.12). It was shown that the thermosphere zonal winds are the most possible transfer mediator of the troposphere DE3 tide influence. The most successful moment for the transfer of the troposphere DE3 tide energy takes place in the beginning of the EPB production, namely, during the seed perturbation development.     

The quiescent spectrum of 2S1636-536

During the EXOSAT observation of 2S1636-536 in July 1983 the quiescent flux was observed to brighten from 1.7×10 ^-9 ergs/cm. ² /sec to 2.6×10^-9 ergs/cm. ² /sec, this increase being accompanied by a decrease in effective temperature. Further analysis of the spectrum reveals that the best fit is a power law with an index which increases from -1.75 to-2.1 while the source brightens; there is some evidence for an upper cut off. This spectrum is interpreted as the result of soft photons from the neutron star surface which are Comptonised in a hot plasma cloud surrounding the neutron star (neutron star corona). The increasing spectral index is seen as the result of Compton cooling of the corona as the output of quiescent flux rises in response to an increasing accretion rate.     

Composition,structure and properties of Venus rocks

Physical and mechanical properties as well as chemical and mineral composition of Venus rocks are discussed on the basic of the data obtained by ground-based radar observations and the experiments in situ.