Beagle 2: a proposed exobiology lander for ESA's 2003 Mars Express mission.

The aim of the proposed Beagle 2 small lander for ESA's 2003 Mars Express mission is to search for organic material on and below the surface of Mars and to study the inorganic chemistry and mineralogy of the landing site. The lander will have a total mass of 60kg including entry, descent, and landing system. Experiments will be deployed on the surface using a robotic arm. It will use a mechanical mole and grinder to obtain samples from below the surface, under rocks, and inside rocks. Sample analysis by a mass spectrometer will include isotopic analysis. An optical microscope, an X-ray spectrometer and a Mossbauer spectrometer will conduct in-situ rock studies.     

偏置动量系统中的挠性天线指向控制研究

从工程实践角度,探讨了在目前广泛采用的偏置动量轮三轴姿态稳定卫星上,进行大尺寸（３～５ｍ）和高指向精度（０．０５°）的挠性天性指向控制问题。在建立具有挠性天线的星体动力学模型,以及在借鉴和改进有关抑制挠性天线振动研究的基础上,设计了三轴稳定卫星平台上的挠性天线指向控制系统的方案。最后,根据数值仿真结果,给出了影响挠性天线指向精度的主要因素。     

利用前缘旋转控制边条翼外翼分离

边条翼在边条较小时中等迎角以上外翼就会出现分离,现提出用转动前缘表面来控制边条翼外翼分离。通过测力、油流和烟丝实验研究了转动前缘对机翼气动特性的影响。结果表明,在这种机翼上转动前缘对控制分离是有效的,升力增量最大可达３０％。可以预期,转动前缘与边条的综合作用,机翼的分离特性将有较大的改善     

保证试验对陶瓷试件疲劳强度的影响

 应用断裂力学理论分析了保证试验对陶瓷试件造成的损伤及其对疲劳强度的影响。保证试验后试件的最低强度可根据材料的亚临界裂纹扩展参量、保证应力和保证试验的卸载速率估算。采用惰性试验环境和高的卸载速率可获得较高的试件最低剩余强度值。     

大型固体火箭发动机喷管故障诊断的流场计算

针对某大型固体火箭发动机的喷管喉道后烧穿的故障进行了数值模拟,运用ＴＶＤ（ＴｏｔａｌＶａｒｉａｔｉｏｎＤｉｍｉｎｉｓｈｉｎｇ）ＭａｃＣｏｒｍａｃｋ格式求解了喷管内流场的二维轴对称Ｎ－Ｓ方程,获得了流场的详细结构图谱,分析了故障的成因,指出喷管型面的导数不连续会导致当地壁温升高,是引发故障的直接原因。     

The Solar Isotope Spectrometer for the Advanced Composition Explorer

The Solar Isotope Spectrometer (SIS), one of nine instruments on the Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE), is designed to provide high- resolution measurements of the isotopic composition of energetic nuclei from He to Zn (Z=2 to 30) over the energy range from ∼10 to ∼100 MeV nucl−1. During large solar events SIS will measure the isotopic abundances of solar energetic particles to determine directly the composition of the solar corona and to study particle acceleration processes. During solar quiet times SIS will measure the isotopes of low-energy cosmic rays from the Galaxy and isotopes of the anomalous cosmic-ray component, which originates in the nearby interstellar medium. SIS has two telescopes composed of silicon solid-state detectors that provide measurements of the nuclear charge, mass, and kinetic energy of incident nuclei. Within each telescope, particle trajectories are measured with a pair of two-dimensional silicon-strip detectors instrumented with custom, very large-scale integrated (VLSI) electronics to provide both position and energy-loss measurements. SIS was especially designed to achieve excellent mass resolution under the extreme, high flux conditions encountered in large solar particle events. It provides a geometry factor of ∼40 cm2 sr, significantly greater than earlier solar particle isotope spectrometers. A microprocessor controls the instrument operation, sorts events into prioritized buffers on the basis of their charge, range, angle of incidence, and quality of trajectory determination, and formats data for readout by the spacecraft. This paper describes the design and operation of SIS and the scientific objectives that the instrument will address. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

箔条云团的后向雷达散射截面积

用矩量法计算了３种箔条云团模型的后向雷达散射截面积。计算结果表明平均间距较大时（大于２λ）互耦对ＲＣＳ影响不大,后向散射截面积的概率分布无论考虑互耦与否都满足指数分布,只是其数学期望有所不同。     

REM measurements aboard Mir during 1995

Measurements of the South Atlantic Anomaly (SAA) made with the Radiation Environment Monitor (REM) aboard Mir from November 1994 to February 1996 are presented. During this period an increase of the SAA radiation by ≈25% is observed, which coincides with a lowering of the radio solar flux. Radio solar flux is one of the parameters controlling the earth's atmospheric distribution and with it the absorption of inner radiation belt protons forming the SAA. Due to the altitude gradient of the atmospheric density, the proton fluxes in the SAA are anisotropic (loss cone, east-west effect). The measured distribution can be accounted for by basic models.     

Study of physiological effects of weightlessness and artificial gravity in the flight of the biosatellite Cosmos-936.

In the 18.5-day flight of the Soviet biosatellite Cosmos-936 (3-22, August 1977) com-parative investigations of the physiological effects of prolonged weightlessness (20 rats) and artificial gravity of 1 g (10 rats) were carried out. Throughout the flight artificial gravity was generated by means of animal rotation in two centrifuges with a radius of 320mm. Postflight examination of animals and treatment of the flight data were performed by Soviet scientists in collaboration with the specialists from Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, the German Democratic Republic, Hungary, Poland, Rumania, France and the U.S.A. During the flight the total motor activity of the weightless rats was higher and their body temperature was lower than those of the centrifuged animals. Postflight examination of the weightless rats showed a greater percentage of errors during maze an increase in water intake and a decrease in diuresis; a fall of the resistance of peripheral red cells; an increase in the conditionally pathogenic microflora in the mouth; a decrease of oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide production and energy expenditures; a drop in the static physical endurance; a decline in the capacity to keep balance on the rail; an increase in the latent period of the lifting reflex, etc. The centrifugal animals displayed lesser or no change of the above type. These findings together with the biochemical and morphological data give evidence that during and after flight adaptive processes in the centrifuged rats developed better.     

复杂产品研制项目标准化效益评估模型

旨在量化计算标准化工作的效益,凸显标准化工作的重要作用.通过分析复杂产品研制项目标准化工作的特点,确定标准化工作权重计算方法,建立了复杂产品研制项目标准化工作项目体系及效益指标体系.深入研究复杂产品研制项目标准化效益评估模型的构建方法,编制总效益调研问卷,收集有关型号标准化工作效果数据,构建了复杂产品研制项目标准化效益评估模型.运用本方法建立了航空领域复杂产品研制项目标准化效益评估模型,并以某型飞机研制项目的真实数据验证了模型的准确度.