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931.
    
This paper describes the construction and performance of a VUV-simulator that has been designed to study degradation of materials under space conditions. It is part of the Complex Irradiation Facility at DLR in Bremen, Germany, that has been built for testing of material under irradiation in the complete UV-range as well as under proton and electron irradiation. Presently available UV-sources used for material tests do not allow the irradiation with wavelengths smaller than about 115 nm where common Deuterium lamps show an intensity cut-off. The VUV-simulator generates radiation by excitation of a gas-flow with an electron beam. The intensity of the radiation can be varied by manipulating the gas-flow and/or the electron beam.  相似文献   
932.
Discussions of future human expeditions into the solar system generally focus on whether the next explorers ought to go to the Moon or to Mars. The only mission scenario developed in any detail within NASA is an expedition to Mars with a 500-day stay at the surface. The technological capabilities and the operational experience base required for such a mission do not now exist nor has any self-consistent program plan been proposed to acquire them. In particular, the lack of an Abort-to-Earth capability implies that critical mission systems must perform reliably for 3 years or must be maintainable and repairable by the crew. As has been previously argued, a well-planned program of human exploration of the Moon would provide a context within which to develop the appropriate technologies because a lunar expedition incorporates many of the operational elements of a Mars expedition. Initial lunar expeditions can be carried out at scales consistent with the current experience base but can be expanded in any or all operational phases to produce an experience base necessary to successfully and safely conduct human exploration of Mars.  相似文献   
933.
This paper is concerned with the problem of time constants in adaptive arrays. The paper presents a improved form of an adaptive array feedback loop, which has the property that its time constants are fixed. This property is an advantage over the well-known least mean square (LMS) loop, for which time constants depend on received signal power. Fixed time constants are of interest because they simplify dynamic range problems for adaptive arrays in communication and radar systems.  相似文献   
934.
The effect of random errors in the steering vector of an Applebaum adaptive array is examined. Each component of the steering vector is assumed to have a random error component uncorrelated between elements. The array output signal-to-interferenceplus-noise ratio (SINR) is computed as a function of the error variance. It is shown that the array output SINR becomes more sensitive to steering vector errors as more elements are added to the array and as the received desired signal power becomes larger. The variance of the steering vector error that may be tolerated depends on the required desired signal dynamic range. The larger the dynamic range that must be accommodated, the smaller the error variance must be.  相似文献   
935.
The matched filter ambiguity function is presented for a burst waveform composed of repeated subbursts, each one of which consists of N pulses in which the phase is varied quadratically from pulse to pulse. The resulting ambiguity function exhibits small residual ambiguities along the delay axis separated by the reciprocal of the pulse repetition frequency (PRF). A cross-ambiguity function is derived which reduces these ambiguities to zero amplitude. A third cross-ambiguity function is presented for a receiver matched to a generalized Hamming weighted repeated quadratic burst. The location in the delay/Doppler plane of the waveform ambiguities for these waveforms is compared with that of an uncoded pulse burst.  相似文献   
936.
Numerical models of Cepheids have been computed with a range of effective temperatures and compositions. The amplitudes increase if the helium abundance increases or if the effective temperature decreases. The latter effect is contrary to observational data. The models also exhibit velocity amplitudes which are much lower than those observed.  相似文献   
937.
基于哈希链表和时间链表的HTTP代理缓存机制的实现   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
随着互联网的快速发展,越来越多的用户需要访问Internet资源,局域网人的众多用户如何能够通过一条Internet连接进行快速的网络浏览?这涉及到WEB代理服务器的核心部分--HTTP缓存系统。HTTP代理服务器的缓存系统将用户浏览的网页保存在代理服务器中,一旦有用户浏览相同的网页并且该网页还没有更新,则代理服务器直接将网页传递给用户,无需重新下载。因此,缓存明显加快了浏览速度。本文首先介绍了代理服务器的缓存原理,然后对缓存机制的具体功能进行了划分,最后给出基于哈希链表和时间链表的缓存系统的实现方法。  相似文献   
938.
基于市场的最适宜质量水平模型   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
以企业利润最大化为目标,引入效用的概念,提出了一个基于市场的最适宜质量水平模型。该模型突破了现有的质量经济学理论仅以质量成本确定最适宜质量水平的模式,将质量水平与产品成本,效用和市场绩效联系起来,使模型具有更为方法的适用性,本文还就市场不确定性,消费者偏好,技术进步,市场竞争等因素对模型的影响展开了讨论,揭示了质量,销量,价格,成本,技术与竞争之间的关系,为企业产品决策,技术改造决策和质量策划提供了参考依据。  相似文献   
939.
    
On the basis of generalization of the results of extensive trajectory calculations for trial charged particles moving in the geomagnetic field the method of calculation of effective vertical cutoff rigidity, taking into account the values of K p -index and local time, is developed. The IGRF and Tsyganenko-89 models are used for the geomagnetic field. A comparison of the results of model simulations with the experimental data on penetration of charged particles into near-Earth space is made, and penetration functions for typical spacecraft orbits are calculated.  相似文献   
940.
Alfvén waves are considered to be viable transporters of the non-thermal energy required to heat the Sun’s quiescent atmosphere. An abundance of recent observations, from state-of-the-art facilities, have reported the existence of Alfvén waves in a range of chromospheric and coronal structures. Here, we review the progress made in disentangling the characteristics of transverse kink and torsional linear magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) waves. We outline the simple, yet powerful theory describing their basic properties in (non-)uniform magnetic structures, which closely resemble the building blocks of the real solar atmosphere.  相似文献   
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