全文获取类型
收费全文 | 7510篇 |
免费 | 6篇 |
国内免费 | 20篇 |
专业分类
航空 | 3666篇 |
航天技术 | 2515篇 |
综合类 | 191篇 |
航天 | 1164篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 52篇 |
2018年 | 114篇 |
2017年 | 76篇 |
2016年 | 71篇 |
2014年 | 127篇 |
2013年 | 173篇 |
2012年 | 164篇 |
2011年 | 262篇 |
2010年 | 183篇 |
2009年 | 286篇 |
2008年 | 323篇 |
2007年 | 188篇 |
2006年 | 143篇 |
2005年 | 180篇 |
2004年 | 199篇 |
2003年 | 222篇 |
2002年 | 242篇 |
2001年 | 284篇 |
2000年 | 138篇 |
1999年 | 175篇 |
1998年 | 222篇 |
1997年 | 157篇 |
1996年 | 181篇 |
1995年 | 230篇 |
1994年 | 240篇 |
1993年 | 132篇 |
1992年 | 173篇 |
1991年 | 84篇 |
1990年 | 92篇 |
1989年 | 171篇 |
1988年 | 82篇 |
1987年 | 79篇 |
1986年 | 78篇 |
1985年 | 241篇 |
1984年 | 191篇 |
1983年 | 176篇 |
1982年 | 167篇 |
1981年 | 261篇 |
1980年 | 79篇 |
1979年 | 73篇 |
1978年 | 80篇 |
1977年 | 58篇 |
1976年 | 62篇 |
1975年 | 75篇 |
1974年 | 62篇 |
1973年 | 50篇 |
1972年 | 81篇 |
1971年 | 64篇 |
1970年 | 46篇 |
1969年 | 50篇 |
排序方式: 共有7536条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
51.
52.
G Horneck R Facius G Reitz P Rettberg C Baumstark-Khan R Gerzer 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2003,31(1):87-95
Human missions to Mars are planned to happen within this century. Activities associated therewith will interact with the environment of Mars in two reciprocal ways: (i) the mission needs to be protected from the natural environmental elements that can be harmful to human health, the equipment or to their operations; (ii) the specific natural environment of Mars should be protected so that it retains its value for scientific and other purposes. The following environmental elements need to be considered in order to protect humans and the equipment on the planetary surface: (i) cosmic ionizing radiation, (ii) solar particle events; (iii) solar ultraviolet radiation; (iv) reduced gravity; (v) thin atmosphere; (vi) extremes in temperatures and their fluctuations; and (vii) surface dust. In order to protect the planetary environment, the requirements for planetary protection as adopted by COSPAR for lander missions need to be revised in view of human presence on the planet. Landers carrying equipment for exobiological investigations require special consideration to reduce contamination by terrestrial microorganisms and organic matter to the greatest feasible extent. Records of human activities on the planet's surface should be maintained in sufficient detail that future scientific experimenters can determine whether environmental modifications have resulted from explorations. 相似文献
53.
The governments’ priority and budgets for space activities are steadily decreasing and the importance of space activities is not any longer reaching the front pages of the newspaper, as in the 1960s. On the other hand in Europe the people, at large, have shown an important interest and support for space activities. A contribution to bridge the gap between decreasing funding and important support of citizen can come from teaching space policy in universities as well as in special workshops for government, industrial and military circles. The paper will outline a course that fulfils this goal. 相似文献
54.
D. Koschny V. Dhiri K. Wirth J. Zender R. Solaz R. Hoofs R. Laureijs T.-M Ho B. Davidsson G. Schwehm 《Space Science Reviews》2007,128(1-4):167-188
ESA’s Rosetta mission was launched in March 2004 and is on its way to comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, where it is scheduled
to arrive in summer 2014. It comprises a payload of 12 scientific instruments and a Lander. All instruments are provided by
Principal Investigators, which are responsible for their operations.
As for most ESA science missions, the ground segment of the mission consists of a Mission Operations Centre (MOC) and a Science
Operations Centre (SOC). While the MOC is responsible for all spacecraft-related aspects and the final uplink of all command
timelines to the spacecraft, the scientific operations of the instruments and the collection of the data and ingestion into
the Planetary Science Archive are coordinated by the SOC. This paper focuses on the tasks of the SOC and in particular on
the methodology and constraints to convert the scientific goals of the Rosetta mission to operational timelines. 相似文献
55.
A novel stochastic optimal control guidance law is presented for a missile with bounded acceleration. The nonlinear optimal guidance law (NOGL) is obtained by numerically solving the stochastic optimization problem. Since the certainty equivalence principle is not valid in the investigated problem, the resulting NOGL depends on the conditional probability density function of the estimated states. It is shown that the NOGL is also nonlinear in the estimated zero effort miss distance, and that the probability density function of the miss distance is non-Gaussian. The dependence of the new guidance law on the acceleration limit is investigated and it is shown that only for an extremely large acceleration limit does the proposed guidance law degenerate to the classical optimal linear one 相似文献
56.
Although the elemental composition in all parts of the solar photosphere appears to be the same this is clearly not the case
with the solar upper atmosphere (SUA). Spectroscopic studies show that in the corona elemental composition along solar equatorial
regions is usually different from polar regions; composition in quiet Sun regions is often different from coronal hole and
active region compositions and the transition region composition is frequently different from the coronal composition along
the same line of sight. In the following two issues are discussed. The first involves abundance ratios between the high-FIP
O and Ne and the low-FIP Mg and Fe that are important for meaningful comparisons between photospheric and SUA compositions
and the second involves a review of composition and time variability of SUA plasmas at heights of 1.0≤h≤1.5R
⊙. 相似文献
57.
F. Capitanio A. Bazzano P. Ubertini G. De Cesare M. Del Santo A. Tarana A. Joinet 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2006,38(12):2816-2819
On March 2003, IBIS, the γ-ray imager on board the INTEGRAL satellite, detected an outburst from a new source, IGR J17464-3213, that turned out to be an HEAO-1 transient, namely H1743-322. The spectral and temporal evolutions of the source were observed by INTEGRAL in different periods. Also RXTE observed the source for the first time on 2003 March 29 during a PCA Galactic bulge scan. The source flux decayed below the RXTE PCA sensitivity limit in November 2003, then in April 2004 it was again detected by INTEGRAL. On July 3, 2004 the source was again detected by RXTE/PCA at a 2–10 keV intensity of 16 mCrab and on July 7, reached 69 mCrab. Recently, a new outburst was observed on August 2005. We briefly summarise here the behaviour of the source observed by INTEGRAL from March 2003 to August 2005. The new outbursts of the source and the analysis of all the data collected (now public) give a global view of the spectral and time behaviour of this X-ray transient. 相似文献
58.
Kacelenga R. Erickson D. Palmer D. 《Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine, IEEE》2003,18(8):13-19
This paper presents a voting fusion application for use with a remotely controlled multisensor vehicle platform for antitank landmine detection. Data from three landmine detection sensors mounted at the front of the vehicle enhance the probability of detection and, when combined via data fusion, limit the false alarm density to practical levels. The performance of the voting fusion scheme presented in this paper is contrasted with a heuristic data fusion approach developed by General Dynamics Canada. 相似文献
59.
C Lindberg G Horneck 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1995,15(3):277-280
The ESA MarsNet mission proposal consists most probably of a trio of Mars landers. These landers each contain a variety of scientific equipment. The network of stations demands for a definition of its planetary protection requirements. With respect to the MarsNet mission only forward contamination problems will be considered. Future involvement of European efforts in planetary exploration including sample returns will also raise the problem of back contamination. A tradeoff study for the overall scientific benefit with respect to the approximative cost is necessary. Planetary protection guide-lines will be proposed by an interdisciplinary and international board of experts working in the fields of both biology and planetary science. These guide-lines will have to be flexible in order to be modified with respect to new research results, e.g. on adaptation of microorganisms to extreme (space) conditions. Experiments on the survival of microorganisms at conditions of simulated Mars surface and subsurface will have to be conducted in order to obtain a baseline data collection as a reference standard for future guide-lines. 相似文献
60.