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271.
本组系列论文(I)-(Ⅴ)从数学和认识论的角度系统地研究了无穷观问题的历史发展和现状,确立了无穷观背景世界的三分法原则,指出了两种穷观相互排斥的局限性,形成了统一两种无穷于同一框架中的基本观点,并建立了一个统一实无限与潜无限于同一框架中的公理集合论系统APAS。 相似文献
272.
华东地区围护结构节能研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
根据南京市的典型年逐时气象参数,对于该市的某一座高层建筑物,应用自编的逐时动态负荷模拟程序,输入围护结构(窗户、墙体和屋顶)相关的物理参数及其与周围环境的关系(地点及朝向等),计算围护结构冬季采暖期散热量及夏季制冷得热量。结果表明,采用双层塑窗代替单层塑窗,使用节能墙体代替传统墙体能够使得冬季围护结构传散热量减少51%,夏季围护结构总得热量减少46%。因此,这一结果为华东地区建筑节能技术提供了理论依据。 相似文献
273.
金属载体上线天线阻抗与辐射特性的矩量法研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
用线网格模拟金属载体表面,应用矩量法求出天线及载体网格上的电流分布,据此研究在该金属载体影响下的天线特性,在计算阻抗矩阵元素时,利用了非对称正弦偶极子辐射场的精确表达式,并采用了直接复数积分,简化了计算公式,本文给出了几种金属载体上线天线的阻抗与辐射特性的计算结果,它们与有关文献上的数据或实验结果一致,最后计算了一种舰船简单模型上两根线天线的远区辐射场及它们的自阻抗与互阻抗。 相似文献
274.
基于BP网络的热工过程模型辨识方法 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
主要研究了人工神经网络在辨识火电厂热工过程模型中的应用,利用Visual C^ 语言构造BP神经网络,提出了把BP网络权值转换为传递函数的方法,针对火电厂常见的热工过程,不用人为加入特殊的激励信号,只利用现场生产中自然存在的扰动信号进行辨识试验,试验结果准确可靠。 相似文献
275.
Induction and repair of DNA strand breaks in bovine lens epithelial cells after high LET irradiation. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
C Baumstark-Khan J Heilmann H Rink 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2003,31(6):1583-1591
The lens epithelium is the initiation site for the development of radiation induced cataracts. Radiation in the cortex and nucleus interacts with proteins, while in the epithelium, experimental results reveal mutagenic and cytotoxic effects. It is suggested that incorrectly repaired DNA damage may be lethal in terms of cellular reproduction and also may initiate the development of mutations or transformations in surviving cells. The occurrence of such genetically modified cells may lead to lens opacification. For a quantitative risk estimation for astronauts and space travelers it is necessary to know the relative biological effectiveness (RBE), because the spacial and temporal distribution of initial physical damage induced by cosmic radiation differ significantly from that of X-rays. RBEs for the induction of DNA strand breaks and the efficiency of repair of these breaks were measured in cultured diploid bovine lens epithelial cells exposed to different LET irradiation to either 300 kV X-rays or to heavy ions at the UNILAC accelerator at GSI. Accelerated ions from Z=8 (O) to Z=92 (U) were used. Strand breaks were measured by hydroxyapatite chromatography of alkaline unwound DNA (overall strand breaks). Results showed that DNA damage occurs as a function of dose, of kinetic energy and of LET. For particles having the same LET the severity of the DNA damage increases with dose. For a given particle dose, as the LET rises, the numbers of DNA strand breaks increase to a maximum and then reach a plateau or decrease. Repair kinetics depend on the fluence (irradiation dose). At any LET value, repair is much slower after heavy ion exposure than after X-irradiation. For ions with an LET of less than 10,000 keV micrometers-1 more than 90 percent of the strand breaks induced are repaired within 24 hours. At higher particle fluences, especially for low energetic particles with a very high local density of energy deposition within the particle track, a higher proportion of non-rejoined breaks is found, even after prolonged periods of incubation. At the highest LET value (16,300 keV micrometers-1) no significant repair is observed. These LET-dependencies are consistent with the current mechanistic model for radiation induced cataractogenesis which postulates that genomic damage to the surviving fraction of epithelial cells is responsible for lens opacification. 相似文献
276.
R. Schmidt H. Arends W. Riedler K. Torkar F. Rüdenauer M. Fehringer B. Maehlum B. Narheim 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1992,12(12):61-64
Future space missions aiming at the accurate measurement of cold plasmas and DC to very low frequency electric fields will require that the potential of their conductive surfaces be actively controlled to be near the ambient plasma potential. In the near-Earth space these spacecraft are usually solar-cell powered; consequently, parts of their surface are most of the time exposed to solar photons. Outside the plasmasphere, a positive surface potential due the dominance of surface-emitted photoelectrons over ambient plasma electrons is to be expected. Photo- and ambient electrons largely determine the potential and positive values between a few Volts up to 100 V have been observed. Active ion emission is the obvious solution of this problem. A liquid metal ion emitter and a saddle field ion emitter are nearing the stage of flight unit fabrication. We will attempt to clamp the spacecraft potential to values close to the plasma potential. We present first results from vacuum chamber tests and describe the emission behaviour and characteristics of emitters producing, respectively, In+ and N2+ beams with an energy of ≥ 5 keV. 相似文献
277.
Charged-particle mutagenesis II. Mutagenic effects of high energy charged particles in normal human fibroblasts. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
D J Chen K Tsuboi T Nguyen T C Yang 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1994,14(10):347-354
The biological effects of high LET charged particles are a subject of great concern with regard to the prediction of radiation risk in space. In this report, mutagenic effects of high LET charged particles are quantitatively measured using primary cultures of human skin fibroblasts, and the spectrum of induced mutations are analyzed. The LET of the charged particles ranged from 25 KeV/micrometer to 975 KeV/micrometer with particle energy (on the cells) between 94-603 MeV/u. The X-chromosome linked hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyl transferase (hprt) locus was used as the target gene. Exposure to these high LET charged particles resulted in exponential survival curves; whereas, mutation induction was fitted by a linear model. The Relative Biological Effect (RBE) for cell-killing ranged from 3.73 to 1.25, while that for mutant induction ranged from 5.74 to 0.48. Maximum RBE values were obtained at the LET of 150 keV/micrometer. The inactivation cross-section (alpha i) and the action cross-section for mutant induction (alpha m) ranged from 2.2 to 92.0 micrometer2 and 0.09 to 5.56 x 10(-3) micrometer2, respectively. The maximum values were obtained by 56Fe with an LET of 200 keV/micrometer. The mutagenicity (alpha m/alpha i) ranged from 2.05 to 7.99 x 10(-5) with the maximum value at 150 keV/micrometer. Furthermore, molecular analysis of mutants induced by charged particles indicates that higher LET beams are more likely to cause larger deletions in the hprt locus. 相似文献
278.
Annual solar UV exposure and biological effective dose rates on the Martian surface. 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
M R Patel A Bérces T Kerékgyárto Gy Rontó H Lammer J C Zarnecki 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2004,33(8):1247-1252
The ultraviolet (UV) environment of Mars has been investigated to gain an understanding of the variation of exposure throughout a Martian year, and link this flux to biological effects and possible survival of organisms at the Martian surface. To gain an idea of how the solar UV radiation varies between different regions, including planned landing sites of two future Mars surface missions, we modelled the total solar UV surface flux throughout one Martian year for two different dust scenarios. To understand the degree of solar UV stress on micro-organisms and/or molecules essential for life on the surface of Mars, we also calculated the biologically effective dose (BED) for T7 and Uracil in relevant wavelength regions at the Martian surface as a function of season and latitude, and discuss the biological survival rates in the presence of Martian solar UV radiation. High T7/Uracil BED ratios indicate that even at high latitudes where the UV flux is significantly reduced, the radiation environment is still hostile for life due to the persisting UV-C component of the flux. 相似文献
279.
T.L. Zhang H. Zhao C.T. Russell S.M. Petrinec K. Schwingenschun W. Riedler 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1997,19(12):1943-1946
The northward and southward orientation of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) is usually considered as providing the external boundary conditions in the solar wind interaction with the Earth's magnetopause but it is the magnetic field in the magnetosheath that interacts with the Earth's magnetic field. In this paper, we consider the possibility that the wave activity in the foreshock region may affect the magnetic field orientation in the magnetosheath with time scales that might be geomagnetically effective. If magnetosheath magnetic field becomes disturbed on plasma streamlines which are connected to the quasi-parallel bow shock and foreshock, the magnetic field orientation on the inner magnetosheath may differ significantly from the undisturbed IMF. We present a model of dayside reconnection which may occur when the IMF northward and illustrate its effects on the erosion of the magnetopause. 相似文献
280.
L. E. Floyd D. K. Prinz P. C. Crane L. C. Herring 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2002,29(12):296-1962
The Solar Ultraviolet Spectral Irradiance Monitor (SUSIM) aboard the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS) has been measuring solar UV irradiances since October 1991, a period which includes the decline of solar cycle 22 followed by the rise of cycle 23. Daily solar measurements include scans over the wavelength range 115–410 nm at 1.1 nm resolution. As expected, the measured time series of UV irradiances exhibit strong periodicities in solar cycle and solar rotation. For all wavelengths, the UV irradiance time series are similar to that of the Mg II core-to-wing ratio. During solar cycle 22, the irradiance of the strong Ly- line varied by more than a factor of two. The peak-to-peak irradiance variation declined with increasing wavelength, reaching 10% just below the Al edge at 208 nm. Between the Al edge and 250 nm the variation was 6–7%. Above 250 nm, the variation declines further until none is observed above 290 nm. Preliminary results for the first portion of cycle 23 indicate that the far UV below the Al edge is rising at about the same rate as the Mg II index while the irradiances in the Ly- emission line and for wavelengths longer than the Al edge are rising more slowly — even after accounting for the lower level of activity of cycle 23. 相似文献