空间热物理技术发展的探讨

文章以航天器和火箭发动机中的工程热物理问题为背景,探讨了航天器热控技术的现状和发展趋势,介绍了火箭发动机热设计、推进剂燃烧等问题的发展方向.     

中频比较辐射计的设计和实验

叙述了 3mm中频比较辐射计的工作原理、电路结构、特性分析及实验结果 ,研究表明 ,这种辐射计不需 3mm开关 ,其稳定性优于全功率辐射计 ,而成本和尺寸均与全功率辐射计相差不大 ,完全可以满足小型化、实用化的需要。     

小波变换在遥测信号检测中的应用

为了更好地分析和处理弹载固态记录仪所记载的助推火箭在发射时对弹体的冲击和振动信号，本文利用小波变换所具有的空间局部化性质，在对原始采样数据的奇异性及奇异性位置和奇异度的大小的分析中，以及在导弹型号试射实验的后视数据分析中，取得出了良好的分析效果。     

Event-triggered attitude control of spacecraft

The problem of spacecraft attitude stabilization control system with limited communication and external disturbances is investigated based on an event-triggered control scheme. In the proposed scheme, information of attitude and control torque only need to be transmitted at some discrete triggered times when a defined measurement error exceeds a state-dependent threshold. The proposed control scheme not only guarantees that spacecraft attitude control errors converge toward a small invariant set containing the origin, but also ensures that there is no accumulation of triggering instants. The performance of the proposed control scheme is demonstrated through numerical simulation.     

Application of small-size antennas for estimation of angles of arrival of HF signals scattered by ionospheric irregularities

A modification of the Doppler Interferometry Technique is suggested to enable estimating angles of arrival of comparatively broadband HF signals scattered by random irregularities of the ionospheric plasma with the use of small-size weakly directional antennas. The technique is based on the measurements of cross-spectra phases of the probe radiation recorded at least in three spatially separated points. The developed algorithm has been used to investigate the angular and frequency-time characteristics of HF signals propagating at frequencies above the maximum usable one (MUF) for the direct radio path Moscow-Kharkiv. The received signal spectra show presence of three families of spatial components attributed, respectively, to scattering by plasma irregularities near the middle point of the radio path, ground backscatter signals and scattering of the sounding signals by the intense plasma turbulence associated with auroral activations. It has been shown that the regions responsible for the formation of the third family components are located well inside the auroral oval. The drift velocity and direction of the auroral ionosphere plasma have been determined. The obtained estimates are consistent with the classical conception of the ionospheric plasma convection at high latitudes and do not contradict the results of investigations of the auroral ionosphere dynamics using the SuperDARN network.     

非均质壁面对液滴俘获能力的数值模拟研究

为研究不同非均质壁面对液滴的俘获能力,采用界面追踪法（FTM）结合广义滑移边界建立了接触角模型,对液滴在非均匀润湿的非均质壁面上的运动过程进行了数值模拟研究。液滴在倾斜壁面上受到重力作用由均匀润湿部分下滑至非均匀润湿部分,通过改变Bo数、Oh数、非均匀润湿程度研究了液滴在非均匀润湿区域的运动规律。研究表明:Bo数越大,液滴运动受壁面阻力影响越小,液滴下滑的速度越快,液滴越难以被俘获;Oh数越大,液滴运动受壁面阻力影响越小,液滴越难以被俘获;非均匀润湿程度越大,非均质壁面对液滴的阻力越大,液滴越易被俘获。      

Avoid online radiation risk: Theoretical simulation of chromosome breaks in cells exposed to heavy ions

In this study, we report an easy and quick method on simulating chromosome breaks in cells exposed to heavy charged particles. The theoretical value of chromosome break was calculated, and validated comparison with experimental value by using premature chromosome condensation technique. A good consistency was found between theoretical and experimental value. This suggested that higher relative biological effectiveness of heavy ions was closely correlated with its physical characteristics. Also, a safe approach on predicting chromosome breaks in cells exposed to heavy ions at off-line environment can be considered. Furthermore, three key factors influencing the theoretical simulation was investigated and discussed.     

基于中波红外热成像的温度场测量技术研究

随着红外探测技术的不断发展,基于中波红外热成像的测温技术得到了越来越广泛的应用。在研究中波红外成像系统测温原理的基础上,探讨了黑体辐射定标技术,以及环境辐射和定标数据处理方法对测温准确度的影响,提出了一系列的处理方法,实现了一套基于红外成像的温度场测量方案,并有效补偿了环境辐射对测量结果的影响,同时降低了定标数据拟合引起的误差,使测温准确度得到了很好保证。     

基于过程质量数据的制造系统可靠性建模分析

针对传统制造系统可靠性评价不考虑加工过程产品质量数据,无法对制造系统可靠性进行及时准确的建模分析,提出了基于过程质量数据的制造系统可靠性建模分析方法.首先,在给出了包含制造产品质量的制造系统可靠性新内涵的基础上,分析了制造过程中关键质量特性检验数据和制造系统组件的退化故障数据等过程质量数据对制造系统可靠性建模的影响,从而明确建模需求.然后,首次提出了基于产品合格概率和制造系统组件退化失效率的制造系统可靠性分析模型.最后,通过某盖板的加工系统的可靠性建模分析验证了模型的有效性.结果表明该模型能够方便地利用制造阶段的质量数据更准确地估计出制造系统可靠性.     

一种时间欠采样实时频率和二维角估计方法

提出了用均匀平行线阵和阵元输出信号的时间延迟估计时间欠采样来波频率、方位角和仰角的方法.该算法在DFT波束空间使用PRO-ESPRIT方法,实现频率无模糊估计,完成来波信号频率和角度的估计.频率间接估计算法是先估计数字频率,然后用数字频率求模拟频率,其估计方差比直接估计算法的方差要小几个数量级.仿真实验表明了算法的有效性.