计算机网络技术在航天测控领域的应用

介绍了计算机网络技术的发展概况，讲述了国外航天测控领域计算机网络发展的最新动态，以典型实例详细描述了NOVELL网在航天测控领域的应用情况。最后，对计算机网络技术在我国航天未来型号测控领域的应用前景提出了一些建议。     

Laser Shock Peening of Aluminum Alloy 7050 for Fatigue Life Improvement

The effects of laser shock peening (LSP) on improving fatigue life of aluminum alloy 7050 are investigated.Surface hardness is increased corresponding to a high dislocation density induced by LSP.The X-ray diffraction stress measurement shows that LSP results in prominent increase of surface compressive stress,quasi-symmetrically distributed in the laser peened region.The fatigue life of the alloy 7050 in rivet fastener hole structure is notably improved owing to LSP.The sequence of LSP and fastener hole preparation also influence the fatigue cycle life of the alloy.     

血药浓度在位检测仪的光路设计

介绍了血药浓度在位检测仪的光路设计，重点阐述发如何降低光能的损耗。该仪器利用Ｙ型光纤束把紫外光照射到血液中的药物上，再把药物发出的荧光收集并送到检测器，其信号供计算机实时采集。     

返回舱动稳定特性风洞试验的影响参数

再入飞行器需要大阻力减速而采取钝锥外形,这种气动布局外形的飞行器动稳定风洞试验结果易受到质心位置、尾迹干扰和极限环运动等因素的影响。通过风洞试验研究了不同质心位置、不同支撑方式下尾迹干扰对返回舱配平角和动稳定性的影响,以及不同稳定模态下,试验方法对试验结果的影响。指出了在动稳定风洞试验中必须精确模拟返回舱质心位置,在大攻角状态下采取弯支杆支撑方式减少尾迹干扰,并针对极限环运动,采取轴承一滑块大振幅自由振动试验,才能得到正确的返回舱动稳定特性。     

基于经验模态分解的有限阵元宽带自适应阵列DBF方法

针对有限阵元条件下宽带自适应阵列自由度不够和抗干扰性能下降的问题,提出一种基于经验模态分解(Empirical mode decomposition,EMD)的宽带自适应阵列数字波束形成(Digital beamforming,DBF)方法。该方法首先对阵元接收的快拍数据进行EMD处理,然后对各个模态函数矩阵应用线性约束最小方差(Linearlyconstrained minimum variance,LCMV)波束形成算法求解自适应权矢量,最后对信号进行重构。与传统的基于快速傅里叶变换(Fast Fourier transform,FFT)子带自适应阵列方法相比,该方法具有以下优势:适用于阵元数目受限的宽带自适应阵列,无需事先指定模态函数划分的频段,可以提高阵列处理的自由度。仿真验证了所提方法的有效性。     

基于系统动力学的装备研制项目风险传递研究

通过对装备研制项目进行系统分析,确定了项目技术风险、费用风险和工期风险三者相互之间的影响方式和传递关系,建立了基于系统动力学的项目研制活动风险传递因果关系模型。运用VensimPLE软件对某型装备研制项目研制活动的技术风险、费用风险和工期风险的变化规律进行了仿真。结果表明,技术风险对费用风险和工期风险有着显著的影响,这三者均随项目活动的推进而逐渐降低。3种类型风险随时间的动态变化可作为项目风险管理工作的参考和决策支持。     

中继卫星系统按需接入业务应用模式研究

DAS(按需接入业务)作为一种新兴业务,不但扩展了美国TDRSS(跟踪与数据中继卫星系统)的多址返向能力,而且还采用模块化的体系结构,为未来的空间网络互联提供了支撑。根据规划,我国未来的中继卫星系统也将提供按需接入业务。因此,在简要介绍TDRSS DAS概念与体系结构,并对其用户分类、返向波束工作方式、典型操作场景、服务模式进行分析的基础上,总结出6种DAS应用模式:1)航天器用户+随机接入+动态波束跟踪方式+任意TDRS或全TDRS服务模式;2)航天器用户+非随机接入+动态波束跟踪方式+特定TDRS服务模式;3)航天器用户+非随机接入+动态波束跟踪方式+任意TDRS或全TDRS服务模式;4)非航天器用户+随机接入+静态波束组合方式+特定TDRS服务模式;5)非航天器用户+随机接入+动态波束跟踪方式+任意TDRS或全TDRS服务模式;6)非航天器用户+非随机接入+动态波束跟踪方式+特定TDRS服务模式,以期能对我国未来中继卫星系统S频段多址业务的应用提供技术支撑。     

一种用于高分辨扇扫成像的MIMO阵列

为了提高扇扫成像系统的方位分辨率,设计了一种具有高方位分辨率的多输入多输出(MIMO)阵列。首先,建立了同时适用于窄带和宽带信号的MIMO阵列与虚拟阵列之间的等效模型。在分析匹配滤波输出成分的基础上,证明了当发射信号具有良好相关特性时,MIMO阵列的匹配滤波输出可等效为单输入多输出(SIMO)阵列上经过脉冲压缩后的回波。接着,根据这一等效关系,获得了与MIMO阵列等效的虚拟阵列中虚拟发射阵元与虚拟接收阵元坐标解析解。最后,在约束阵列物理尺寸为固定值的前提下,利用该解析解设计出一种由2个发射阵元和一条接收均匀线阵列(ULA)组成的MIMO阵列。理论推导和仿真结果表明:所设计的MIMO阵列可以在恒定的物理尺寸和虚拟阵列为均匀直线阵的前提下,获得优于其他MIMO阵列和SIMO阵列的方位分辨率。     

Active flutter suppression of a multiple-actuated-wing wind tunnel model

In this study, a multi-input/multi-output（MIMO） time-delay feedback controller is designed to actively suppress the flutter instability of a multiple-actuated-wing（MAW） wind tunnel model in the low subsonic flow regime. The unsteady aerodynamic forces of the MAW model are computed based on the doublet-lattice method（DLM）. As the first attempt, the conventional linear quadratic-Gaussian（LQG） controller is designed to actively suppress the flutter of the MAW model. However, because of the time delay in the control loop, the wind tunnel tests illustrate that the LQG-controlled MAW model has no guaranteed stability margins. To compensate the time delay, hence, a time-delay filter, approximated via the first-order Pade approximation, is added to the LQG controller. Based on the time-delay feedback controller, a new digital control system is constructed by using a fixed-point and embedded digital signal processor（DSP） of high performance. Then, a number of wind tunnel tests are implemented based on the digital control system.The experimental results show that the present time-delay feedback controller can expand the flutter boundary of the MAW model and suppress the flutter instability of the open-loop aeroelastic system effectively.     

Interaction of single-pulse laser energy with bow shock in hypersonic flow

Pressure sensing and schlieren imaging with high resolution and sensitivity are applied to the study of the interaction of single-pulse laser energy with bow shock at Mach 5. An Nd:YAG laser operated at 1.06 lm, 100 mJ pulse energy is used to break down the hypersonic flow in a shock tunnel. Three-dimensional Navier–Stokes equations are solved with an upwind scheme to simulate the interaction. The pressure at the stagnation point on the blunt body is measured and calculated to examine the pressure variation during the interaction. Schlieren imaging is used in conjunction with the calculated density gradients to examine the process of the interaction. The results show that the experimental pressure at the stagnation point on the blunt body and schlieren imaging fit well with the simulation. The pressure at the stagnation point on the blunt body will increase when the transmission shock approaches the blunt body and decrease with the formation of the rarefied wave. Bow shock is deformed during the interaction. Quasi-stationary waves are formed by high rate laser energy deposition to control the bow shock. The pressure and temperature at the stagnation point on the blunt body and the wave drag are reduced to 50%, 75% and 81% respectively according to the simulation. Schlieren imaging has provided important information for the investigation of the mechanism of the interaction.