应用分力合成方法提高系统性能指标的研究

提出了将柔性结构的分力合成主动振动抑制方法和反馈控制律结合使用来提高柔性结构控制系统性能指标的方法。应用该方法仅需要知道闭环系统及柔性振动的频率及阻尼，而且可以同时抑制任意多个振动模态（包括控制器引起的振动，柔性振动及其他形式的振动），分力合成方法对频率及阻尼的不确定性具有较强的鲁棒性，使该方法易于工程实现，文章针对单柔性杆，将分力合成主动振动抑制方法和反馈控制相结合，设计了不同形式的大角度机动控制律，数值仿真和试验结果充分验证了方法的有效性。     

防静电白色热控涂层的空间环境性能试验

通过在氧化锌晶格中掺入重金属离子，得到具有防静电功能的白色颜料，再以丙烯酸树脂为粘合剂制备出空间飞行器外表面用的ACR－1防静电白色热控涂层；研究了空间环境效应（包括紫外辐照，电子和质子辐照）对该热控涂层太阳吸收率的影响并与有机硅白色热控涂层进行了比较，地面模拟空间环境试验研究结果证明，ACR－1防静电白色热控涂层具有良好的空间稳定性。     

Solar UV irradiance variation during cycles 22 and 23

The Solar Ultraviolet Spectral Irradiance Monitor (SUSIM) aboard the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS) has been measuring solar UV irradiances since October 1991, a period which includes the decline of solar cycle 22 followed by the rise of cycle 23. Daily solar measurements include scans over the wavelength range 115–410 nm at 1.1 nm resolution. As expected, the measured time series of UV irradiances exhibit strong periodicities in solar cycle and solar rotation. For all wavelengths, the UV irradiance time series are similar to that of the Mg II core-to-wing ratio. During solar cycle 22, the irradiance of the strong Ly- line varied by more than a factor of two. The peak-to-peak irradiance variation declined with increasing wavelength, reaching 10% just below the Al edge at 208 nm. Between the Al edge and 250 nm the variation was 6–7%. Above 250 nm, the variation declines further until none is observed above 290 nm. Preliminary results for the first portion of cycle 23 indicate that the far UV below the Al edge is rising at about the same rate as the Mg II index while the irradiances in the Ly- emission line and for wavelengths longer than the Al edge are rising more slowly — even after accounting for the lower level of activity of cycle 23.     

高空高速无人飞行器热控制系统设计

针对飞行时间短、速度和高度变化快、表面温度波动大的无人飞行器UAV(Unmanned Aerial Vehicles)热控制系统设计难题,提出了一种可解决实际工程问题的热分析计算方法.即把热天工况、冷天工况和标准天工况作为设计/试验工况;采用参考温度法、高超音速工程预测法或计算流体动力学CFD(Computational Fluid Dynamics)数值模拟法,确定了飞行器表面温度分布,并把其作为后续热分析数学模型的外边界条件;分析结构热容量对瞬态热载荷的影响,建立与之相应的边值问题方程,并采用有限差分法求解;根据高空高速飞行特点及瞬态热载荷值,确定仪器设备舱调温系统方案.     

Principal components in the PG-X-ray QSO sample

We have performed a spectral principal component analysis for a complete sample of 22 low redshift QSOs with spectra from Ly to H, and found three significant principal components, which account for 78% of the spectrum-to-spectrum variance. We present strong arguments that the first principal component represents the Baldwin effect, relating equivalent widths to the luminosity (i.e. accretion rate). The second component represents continuum variations, probably dominated by intrinsic reddening. The third principal component is directly related to broad emission-line width and X-ray spectral index, and therefore probably driven by Eddington accretion ratio, L/L_Edd. The third set of relationships tie directly to the optical Principal Component 1 found by Boroson and Green [Boroson, T., Green, R.F., Astrophys. J. Suppl. 80, 109, 1992 (BG92)], and are the primary cause of scatter in the Baldwin relationships.     

机器人运动的学习控制

机器人学习控制旨在采用简单的控制器结构和易于实现的控制算法,提高机器人轨迹动态跟踪精度。本文讨论了机器人控制研究中存在的困难,简要回顾了早期学习控制思想的形成和发展,重点介绍了近年来国内外有关机器人学习控制研究的现状。     

A Far Infrared Photometer (FIRP) for the Infrared Telescope in Space (IRTS)

We describe the design and calibration of the Far-Infrared Photometer (FIRP), one of four focal plane instruments on the Infrared Telescope in Space (IRTS). The FIRP will provide absolute photometry in four bands centered at 150, 250, 400, and 700 μm with spectral resolution λ/Δλ ≈ 3 and spatial resolution ΔΘ = 0.5 degrees. High sensitivity is achieved by using bolometric detectors operated at 300 mK in an AC bridge circuit. The closed-cycle ³He refrigerator can be recycled in orbit. A 2 K shutter provides a zero reference for each field of view. More than 10% of the sky will be surveyed during the ≈3 week mission lifetime with a sensitivity of <10⁻¹³ W·cm⁻²·sr⁻¹ per 0.5 degree pixel.     

微结构谐振传感器

阐述了频率输出的新型谐振传感器的发展方向之一——微型化。评价性地论述了热激励硅谐振压力传感器和热激励谐振膜质量流量传感器。重点讨论了热激励的原理,特点等。指出我国应对传感器的这一发展趋势给予足够的重视。     

Experimental drop tube of the metallurgy department of Grenoble

The drop tube which will be available in the “Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Grenoble” is described. Its main features are the following: - Dimensions : Drop height : 47.1 m Drop time : 3.1 s Tube inside diameter : 0.2 m - Experimental atmosphere : 1 Ultra-vacuum : 10⁻⁶ to 10⁻⁷ Pa - Residual gravity level : 10⁻⁸ to 10⁻⁹ g according to the vacuum level and drop diameter.

This facility is unique insofar as it enables experiments to be performed under ultra-vacuum conditions which, by delaying the formation of surface oxides, should contribute to improving maximum undercooling values.

The techniques used for obtaining small metallic drops (0.5 to 3 mm) are described. The availability of this instrument for the scientific community is also foreseen by the french sponsoring organizations (CEA, CNES, CNRS) ; some practicle informations will be given to potential experimenters.