构筑内陆开放型人才高地的对策研究

建设内陆开放型人才高地是中原经济区建设的一个重要任务.先进城市的人才建设经验主要有:引进与培养相结合、培养机制多元化、发挥高校的核心作用和理论联系实际.河南省的人才高地建设应由政府主导,完善人才引进机制；扶持重点产业,鼓励企业培养和吸引创新人才；改革高等教育,着力培养大批高素质的开放型人才；联系实际,实现人才本土化和国际化相结合.     

我国企业债券信用评级存在的问题与对策

由于我国企业债券发展时间短,在发展过程中出现了许多问题.其中,企业债券信用评级的不完善是一个重要方面.文章分析了我国企业债券信用评级的现状和存在的问题,并借鉴美国发展企业债券信用评级的经验,进而提出规范发展我国企业债券信用评级问题的五点对策.     

电容式传感器在飞机燃油测量系统中的应用

叙述了电容式传感器在飞机燃油测量系统中应用。首先,分析了电容式传感器在飞机燃油测量系统中工作的基本原理:因燃油液面位置变化而使电容量产生变化,将其转化为实时电信号,可以实现对飞机油箱油量变化的实时测量。其次,分析了测量误差产生的原因,并提出了改进措施。     

Progress on Microgravity Sciences in China

The main progress of the research activities on microgravity fluid physics, combustion, biotechnology research and fundamental Physics in China are briefly summarized in the present paper. The major space missions and experimental results obtained on board the Chinese recoverable/nonrecoverable satellites and the Chinese manned spaceship named "Shen Zhou" are presented summarily. The recent main activities of the ground-based studies in China are introduced in brief.     

Experimental investigation on aero-heating of rudder shaft within laminar/turbulent hypersonic boundary layers

The aero-heating of the rudder shaft region of a hypersonic vehicle is very harsh, as the peak heat flux in this region can be even higher than that at the stagnation point. Therefore, studying the aero-heating of the rudder shaft is of great significance for designing the thermal protection system of the hypersonic vehicle. In the wind tunnel test of the aero-heating effect, we find that with the increase of the angle of attack of the lifting body model, the increasement of the heat flux of the rudder shaft is larger under laminar flow conditions than that under turbulent flow conditions. To understand this, we design a wind tunnel experiment to study the effect of laminar/turbulent hypersonic boundary layers on the heat flux of the rudder shaft under the same wind tunnel freestream conditions. The experiment is carried out in the ?2 m shock tunnel(FD-14 A) affiliated to the China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center(CARDC). The laminar boundary layer on the model is triggered to a turbulent one by using vortex generators, which are 2 mm-high diamonds. The aero-heating of the rudder shaft(with the rudder) and the protuberance(without the rudder) are studied in both hypersonic laminar and turbulent boundary layers under the same freestream condition. The nominal Mach numbers are 10 and 12, and the unit Reynolds numbers are2.4 × 10~6 m~(-1) and 2.1 × 10~6 m-1. The angle of attack of the model is 20°, and the deflection angle of the rudder and the protuberance is 10°. The heat flux on the model surface is measured by thin film heat flux sensors, and the heat flux distribution along the center line of the lifting body model suggests that forced transition is achieved in the upstream of the rudder. The test results of the rudder shaft and the protuberance show that the heat flux of the rudder shaft is lower in the turbulent flow than that in the laminar flow, but the heat flux of the protuberance is the other way around,i.e., lower in the laminar flow than in the turbulent flow. The wind tunnel test results is also validated by numerical simulations. Our analysis suggests that this phenomenon is due to the difference of boundary layer velocities caused by different thickness of boundary layer between laminar and turbulent flows, as well as the restricted flow within the rudder gap. When the turbulent boundary layer is more than three times thicker than that of the laminar boundary layer, the heat flux of the rudder shaft under the laminar flow condition is higher than that under the turbulent flow condition. Discovery of this phenomenon has great importance for guiding the design of the thermal protection system for the rudder shaft of hypersonic vehicles.     

外加磁场对脉冲等离子体推力器性能的影响

为了研究外加磁场对PPT性能的影响,建立了PPT带外加磁场的机电模型,并用三种不同放电能量水平的PPT验证了该模型的可靠性。利用该模型研究了外加磁场强度、模式、位置以及长度对PPT性能的影响。结果表明,对于尾部馈送型PPT,当外加磁场增加时,PPT性能先增加后减小,存在最优的外加磁场强度。对于LES-6 PPT和LES-8/9 PPT,外加磁场从极板的最左端开始施加效果最好;当外加磁场强度分别为0.25T,0.50T,0.75T,1.00T时,这两种PPT对应的最适合施加磁场长度分别是1.3mm,1.8mm,2.1mm,2.3mm和1.6mm,2.8mm,3.4mm,3.7mm。对于TMU PPT,外加磁场从极板的最右端开始施加效果最好,但是施加磁场长度应该根据具体实验结果并结合仿真计算来决定。     

电大尺寸天线罩电磁特性高效数值仿真技术

针对电大尺寸天线罩电磁特性,分析研究了快速求解表面积分方程的多层快速多极子算法及其改进技术。构造了具有良好矩阵性态的积分方程形式,提出加速迭代求解的并行预条件技术,利用分组稀疏化方式构造预条件矩阵,显著降低了迭代求解次数。采用快速球谐展开技术对聚合和配置因子项进行压缩,将其存储量降低了2/3。通过数值算例验证了方法的精确性和高效性,并实现了大型带罩阵列天线辐射特性的仿真分析。     

等离子体喷嘴在超燃燃烧室中助燃的研究

为提高超燃冲压发动机燃烧效率,参考国内外研究给出了介质阻挡放电等离子体喷嘴基本构型并设计了电弧放电等离子体喷嘴基本构型,数值模拟了电弧(ARC)和介质阻挡放电(DBD)两种等离子体喷嘴安装在火焰稳定凹腔上游时的流场燃烧过程,研究了喷注氢气时等离子体对燃烧室各组分及温度、压力等关键参数的影响。结果表明:产物中水生成量有一定程度的增加,燃烧室压力、温度也有不同程度增长,起到了助燃效果,但电弧喷嘴的助燃效果更明显。     

回流环形燃烧室出口温度场的试验

以某涡轮风扇发动机回流环形燃烧室为研究对象,采用试验的方法,研究了不同工况下该燃烧室出口温度分布特性.部件试验结果得到了出口温度沿周向分布和径向分布特性,重点详细分析了温度沿涡轮导叶叶高的分布特性,并在此基础上提出了局部扇形区域径向温度沿叶高的分布特性这一概念来考核燃烧室出口温度品质,为燃烧室出口温度分布的评估和改进优化提供了有益的参考价值.      

基于圆弧刀廓的端面滚切锥齿轮啮合接触分析

为改善端面滚切法加工的锥齿轮齿面接触质量,基于奥利康锥齿轮全展成加工方法,对直线刀廓圆弧修形及齿面啮合接触分析进行了研究.首先对圆弧刀廓进行了几何设计,推导出了刀齿切削刃方程.在建立锥齿轮端面滚切加工数学模型的基础上,推导出了被加工齿轮理论齿面方程.研究了刀廓圆弧修形对齿面形状的影响,利用数值方法计算出了齿面修形量.建立了考虑安装误差的齿轮副滚检数学模型,推导出了齿面接触分析简化算法.最后对采用圆弧刀廓加工的一对奥利康锥齿轮进行了啮合分析,结果表明,选取合理的圆弧刀廓半径对齿面修形可以降低边缘接触风险,降低对安装误差的敏感性,改善内对角接触,此外还可以实现对两齿面接触区进行独立修正.