差分流量调节推力矢量控制研究

为了了解差分流量调节实现推力矢量控制的特点,参考塞式喷管发动机XRS 2200的工作参数,对多单元直排型塞式喷管模型发动机进行了数值计算。介绍了差分流量调节的计算方法和内喷管与塞锥推力矢量变化的分析过程,计算产生的俯仰力矩。结果表明,差分流量调节时,塞式喷管轴向合力基本保持不变,不损失轴向推力性能;俯仰力矩包括轴向力和侧向力产生的两部分力矩,随差分流量调节增大而增加,有很好的偏转性能。结论可以为差分流量调节的实验研究提供参考。     

Biaxial Mode of Rotation of a Satellite in the Orbit Plane

A mode of motion of a satellite with respect to its center of mass is studied, which is called the biaxial rotation in the orbit plane. In this mode of rotation, an elongated and nearly dynamically symmetric satellite rotates around the longitudinal axis, which, in turn, rotates around the normal to the plane of an orbit; the angular velocity of rotation around the longitudinal axis is several times larger than the orbital angular velocity, deviations of this axis from the orbit plane are small. Such a rotation is convenient in the case when it is required to secure a sufficiently uniform illumination of the satellite's surface by the Sun at a comparatively small angular velocity of the satellite. The investigation consists of the numerical integration of equations of the satellite's motion, which take into account gravitational and restoring aerodynamic moments, as well as the evolution of the orbit. At high orbits, the mode of the biaxial rotation is conserved for an appreciable length of time, and at low orbits it is destroyed due to the impact of the aerodynamic moment. The orbit altitudes and the method of constructing the initial conditions of motion that guarantee a sufficiently prolonged period of existence of this mode are specified.     

纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料中纤维增韧分析模型

对于单向纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料，在考虑纤维桥联和纤维拔出两种主要增韧机理的基础上，建立了研究紧凑拉伸试样断裂行为的理论模型，并利用该模型计算了裂纹扩展的Ｒ－阻力曲线和载荷／位移曲线，计算结果表明：由于纤维桥联与拔出，使得Ｒ－曲线和载荷／位移曲线呈现明显的非线性行为，纤维桥联是主要增韧机制。体积分数５０％ＳｉＣ１／ＬＡＳ复合材料断裂韧性的计算值与实验值吻合。     

铅化合物在双基推进剂燃烧过程的作用机理

本文提出了铅化合物催化双基推进剂燃烧的反应历程。充分说明这类化合物是最终通过提高燃烧表面处嘶嘶区温度梯度提高燃速的。本文还提出了“铅化合物有通过增加燃烧表面上碳质物量增加燃速的一面,还有通过减少碳质物抑制燃速增加的一面”这一新的论点及抑制碳质物增加的反应并阐明了压力对这种抑制能力的影响。最后根据本文提出的作用机理及传热原理圆满解释了超速、平平和/或麦撒效应。     

Statistical Relationships between Solar,Interplanetary, and Geomagnetic Disturbances, 1976–2000: 3

In this paper we continue the analysis of the influence of solar and interplanetary events on magnetic storms of the Earth that was started in [9, 10]. Different experimental results on solar-terrestrial physics are analyzed in the study and the effects are determined that arise due to differences in the methods used to analyze the data. The classifications of magnetic storms by the K _p and D _st indices, the solar flare classifications by optical and X-ray observations, and the classifications of different geoeffective interplanetary events are compared and discussed. It is demonstrated that quantitative estimations of the relationships between two types of events often depend on the direction in which the events are compared. In particular, it was demonstrated that the geoeffectiveness of halo CMEs (that is, the percentage of Earth-directed coronal mass ejections that result in geomagnetic storms) is 40–50%. Higher values given in some papers were obtained by another method, in which they were defined as the probability of finding candidates for a source of geomagnetic storms among CMEs, and, strictly speaking, these values are not true estimates of the geoeffectiveness. The latter results are also in contrast with the results of the two-stage tracing of the events: first a storm—an interplanetary disturbance, and then an interplanetary disturbance—a CME.     

新一代多光谱扫描仪高效率线性扫描系统研制

文章根据新一代多光谱扫描仪的总体技术要求,重点介绍了高效率线性扫描控制系统的设计实现。     

固体火箭发动机性能精度分析

根据固体火箭发动机内弹道计算模型，提出了内弹道计算中的独立随机变量，建立了随机变量的概率统计模型，确定了参数的分布规律，并用Ｍｏｎｔｅ—Ｃａｒｌｏ法进行了内弹道模拟计算。最后对发动机性能的均值。和标准差σ进行了分析和实验验证，得出了计算方法可行，数据可信的结论。     

振动技术在复合固体推进剂浇注工艺中的应用

为了克服在复合团体推进剂浇注过程中采用的常规真空浇注工艺的缺陷，采用了振动浇注技术。对６种配方的高粘度丁羟推进剂进行了实验研究，得出了适用的振动频率和加速度范围。该浇注技术已应用于某小型发动机装药生产中，成品合格率达１００％。     

Uncontrollable Rotational Motion of the Mir Orbital Station

The results of determining the rotational motion of the Mir orbital station are presented for four long segments of its unmanned uncontrolled flight in 1999–2000. The determination was carried out using the data of onboard measurements of the Earth's magnetic field intensity. These data, taken for a time interval of several hours, were jointly processed by the least squares method with the help of integration of the equations of station motion relative to its center of mass. As a result of this processing, the initial conditions of motion and the parameters of the mathematical model used were evaluated. The technique of processing is verified using the telemetry data on angular velocity of the station and its attitude parameters. Two types of motion were applied on the investigated segments. One of them (three segments) presents a rotation around the axis of the minimum moment of inertia. This axis executes small oscillations with respect to a normal to the orbit plane. Such a motion was used for the first time on domestic manned orbital complexes. The second type of motion begins with a biaxial rotation which, in a few weeks, goes over into a motion very similar to the rotation around the normal to the orbit plane, but around the axis of the maximum moment of inertia.     

遥感相机自动调焦的研究

本文介绍一种遥感相机自动调焦技术的实验研究结果，实验表明，差分式对比传递函数法调焦，具有调焦精度高，调焦速度快，受像移影响不明显，适应性好等优点。