Variations of ionospheric total electron content before three strong earthquakes in the Qinghai-Tibet region

We investigate the ionospheric total electron content (TEC) anomalies occurred in the Qinghai-Tibet region before three large earthquakes (M > 7.0). The temporal and spatial TEC variations were used to detect the ionospheric possible precursors of these earthquakes. We identified two TEC enhancements in the afternoon local time 9 days and 2–3 days before each earthquake, between which a TEC decrement occurred 3–6 days before earthquakes. These anomalies happened in the area of about 30° in latitude and the maximum is localized equatorward from the epicenters. These TEC anomalies can be found in all three earthquakes regardless the geomagnetic conditions. The features of these anomalies have something in common and may have differences from those caused by geomagnetic storms. Our results suggest that these ionospheric TEC perturbations may be precursors of the large earthquakes.     

A feasibility study for the detection of the diurnal variation of tropospheric NO2 over Tokyo from a geostationary orbit

We have conducted a feasibility study for the geostationary monitoring of the diurnal variation of tropospheric NO₂ over Tokyo. Using NO₂ fields from a chemical transport model, synthetic spectra were created by a radiative transfer model, SCIATRAN, for summer and winter cases. We then performed a Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (DOAS) analysis to retrieve NO₂ slant column densities (SCDs), and after converting SCDs into vertical column densities (VCDs), we estimated the precision of the retrieved VCDs. The simulation showed that signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) ? 500 is needed to detect the diurnal variation and that SNR ? 1000 is needed to observe the local minimum occurring in the early afternoon (LT13–14) in summer. In winter, the detection of the diurnal variation during LT08–15 needs SNR ? 500, and SNR ? 1000 is needed if early morning (LT07) and early evening (LT16) are included. The currently discussed sensor specification for the Japanese geostationary satellite project, GMAP-Asia, which has a horizontal resolution of 10 km and a temporal resolution of 1hr, has demonstrated the performance of a precision of several percent, which is approximately corresponding to SNR = 1000–2000 during daytime and SNR ? 500 in the morning and evening. We also discuss possible biases caused by the temperature dependence of the absorption cross section utilized in the DOAS retrieval, and the effect of uncertainties of surface albedo and clouds on the estimation of precisions.     

地面防空武器面临的威胁及信息化发展趋势

随着高信息技术在军事领域的广泛应用,防空作战面临着越来越严峻的挑战.主要探讨了信息化战争中地面防空武器面临的主要威胁,分析了防空作战新发展,并对地面防空武器信息化的发展趋势进行了阐述.     

某自动测试系统神经网络故障诊断模块设计与实现

阐述了自动测试系统中故障诊断的重要性,详述了诊断的流程.以某型防空导弹自动驾驶仪为例,首先利用LabVIEW中的MATLAB脚本节点,分别以BP和RBF神经网络为算法编写故障诊断函数;然后用LabVIEW开发故障诊断模块界面,最后将TabVIEW和神经网络两者的优势结合实现自动驾驶仪的故障诊断.实验仿真结果表明:模块设...     

卫星遥感影像外方位元素的误差传播研究

高分辨率卫星遥感影像的几何定位精度与影像外方位元素精度密切相关.文章针对单景影像直接对地定位和立体影像前方交会定位两种典型情况,对影像各外方位元素在目标几何定位中的误差传播规律进行分析比较,相关结论可供卫星姿控及相机载荷设计方参考.     

InGaAs探测器热电制冷方法研究

InGaAs探测器在短波红外领域具有良好的探测率,对空间遥感和探测有重要的价值。为了实现空间红外仪器的高灵敏度要求,使用热电制冷技术设计了探测器制冷系统,使探测器稳定地工作在合适的温度,以相对较小的体积和功耗代价显著地提高红外仪器的探测灵敏度。     

九寨机场航务代理工作浅谈

在分析了九寨机场的气象特点以及环境因素对航空器造成的影响的基础上,就如何做好九寨机场的航务代理工作提出了合理建议和措施,这对提高航班正常率非常重要.     

天问一号探测器高动态着陆惯导系统设计与试验

考虑到火星探测任务着陆过程动态变化大,稀薄大气环境下开伞会对探测器产生剧烈晃动,为此天问一号探测器研制了一套高动态着陆惯导系统,从硬件产品、使用时序到导航算法方面均进行了针对性设计,以适应着陆过程中的高动态环境.此外,为验证天问一号探测器高动态着陆惯导系统的性能,设计了模拟火星开伞工况的火箭弹高空开伞试验,结果表明该高...     

脉冲爆震发动机部分填充效应理论分析

为了研究脉冲爆震发动机的部分填充效应,建立了不依赖于实验数据的通用理论分析模型。将该理论模型得到的计算结果与实验数据进行对比,误差在15%以内。并应用该模型进行了一些算例计算,计算结果表明:部分填充能显著增加比冲,理论比冲最高能接近600s;比冲增益随填充系数的减小而增大,最后趋于某一上限值,计算中,该上限值最高达到4;采用氧气作氧化剂时不仅比采用空气作氧化剂时的比冲更高,而且比冲增益也更大;不可燃气体密度越大,部分填充产生的比冲增益越大;背压降低,部分填充产生的比冲增益也随之减小。     

不确定条件下采用协方差描述函数法的再入轨迹鲁棒优化

Uncertainties are taken into account in reentry trajectory optimization and a robust trajectory optimization model is constructed based on the robust optimization theory. There are computational difficulties in solving this robust trajectory optimization problem due to the random variables associated with the uncertainties. To overcome these difficulties, the covariance analysis describing function technique (CADET) is employed to convert the robust trajectory optimization model into an equivalent deterministic trajectory optimization formulation, which is then solvable by using the existing pseudo spectral method. In the case study, a robust reentry trajectory optimization problem considering the uncertainties of aerodynamic parameters is solved to obtain the robust optimal trajectories. By comparing with the traditional deterministic optimal trajectories, the robust optimal trajectories are significantly less sensitive to the uncertainties of aerodynamic parameters, showing the effectiveness of the presented method.