新型含铜催化剂对RDX／HTPB推进剂燃速影响的研究

用热分析方法筛选出两含铜催化剂对ＲＤＸ／ＨＴＰＢ推进剂进行了配方试验研究，采用声发射法测定４－８ＭＰａ条件下药条燃速，由实验结果可看出：这两种新型含铜催化剂对提高燃速，降低燃速压强指数有明显效果；燃速提高４２％，压强指数降低１４％，经适当组合，可进一步提高燃速，降低燃速压强指数。     

航天器零推进剂姿态机动启发式规划方法

针对零推进剂姿态机动约束耦合,导致规划效率低的问题,提出一种基于约束评价启发式的差分进化算法.基于零推进剂姿态机动约束分析,在规划空间中建立约束评价函数,对航天器约束和控制力矩陀螺约束进行解耦分类处理.设计基于约束评价函数的启发式策略,用于改进差分进化算法的种群变异,主动控制规划进程,引导零推进剂姿态机动规划序列满足多...     

A simple algorithm for regional mid-latitude ionospheric modelling

A simplified model of the key vertical-incidence ionospheric characteristics such as f₀ F2, M(3000) F2, h'F, f₀F1, and f₀E that are used for prediction of operational parameters of HF telecommunication system in restricted area has been developed. The model is based upon the Fourier analysis of the monthly median values of these characteristics from seven ionospheric stations in Europe. It is shown that only 12 dominant Fourier coefficeints, expressed as function of local time, solar activity and geographic latitude are sufficient to reproduce the main features of the diurnal, seasonal and solar cycle behaviour of the mid-latitude ionosphere under median conditions.     

航天器用钛合金表面镀覆技术

介绍了改进的钛合金镀覆前处理工艺,采用二次酸性浸锌的方法对钛合金进行活化,克服了钛合金表面易氧化造成的镀覆层结合不良的问题,并对比了不同磷含量对化学镀镍层结合性能的影响,在TC4及TA1钛合金表面制备得到了结合强度高的化学镀镍、镀金、镀银层。通过热震和划格法测试钛合金表面镀覆层与基体的结合强度;利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱分析(EDS)、3D显微镜、金相显微镜等方法对镀层微观形貌和组成进行测试;并测试了镀层的电化学性能、镀银层的导电性以及镀金层的热辐射性能。实验结果表明:采用酸性浸锌溶液对钛合金进行活化,并以中磷镍作为底镀层,能够显著提高钛合金表面镀覆层的结合强度。化学镀镍层的腐蚀电位相对于钛合金基体提高了60 mV,镀金层的腐蚀电位则提高了600 mV。镀层的导电性、热控性能等都较基体钛合金有明显的提高。     

Multi precursors analysis associated with the powerful Ecuador (MW = 7.8) earthquake of 16 April 2016 using Swarm satellites data in conjunction with other multi-platform satellite and ground data

After DEMETER satellite mission (2004–2010), the launch of the Swarm satellites (Alpha (A), Bravo (B) and Charlie (C)) has created a new opportunity in the study of earthquake ionospheric precursors. Nowadays, there is no doubt that multi precursors analysis is a necessary phase to better understand the LAIC (Lithosphere Atmosphere Ionosphere Coupling) mechanism before large earthquakes. In this study, using absolute scalar magnetometer, vector field magnetometer and electric field instrument on board Swarm satellites, GPS (Global Positioning System) measurements, MODIS-Aqua satellite and ECMWF (European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts) data, the variations of the electron density and temperature, magnetic field, TEC (Total Electron Content), LST (Land Surface Temperature), AOD (Aerosol Optical Depth) and SKT (SKin Temperature) have been surveyed to find the potential seismic anomalies around the strong Ecuador (M_w = 7.8) earthquake of 16 April 2016. The four solar and geomagnetic indices: F10.7, D_st, K_p and a_p were investigated to distinguish whether the preliminary detected anomalies might be associated with the solar-geomagnetic activities instead of the seismo-ionospheric anomalies. The Swarm satellites (A, B and C) data analysis indicate the anomalies in time series of electron density variations on 7, 11 and 12 days before the event; the unusual variations in time series of electron temperature on 8 days preceding the earthquake; the analysis of the magnetic field scalar and vectors data show the considerable anomalies 52, 48, 23, 16, 11, 9 and 7 days before the main shock. A striking anomaly is detected in TEC variations on 1 day before earthquake at 9:00 UTC. The analysis of MODIS-Aqua night-time images shows that LST increase unusually on 11 days prior to main shock. In addition, the AOD variations obtained from MODIS measurements reach the maximum value on 10 days before the earthquake. The SKT around epicentral region presents anomalous higher value about 40 days before the earthquake. It should be noted that the different lead times of the observed anomalies could be acknowledged based on a reasonable LAIC earthquake mechanism. Our results emphasize that the Swarm satellites measurements play an undeniable role in progress the studies of the ionospheric precursors.     

GPS scintillation and TEC gradients at equatorial latitudes in April 2006

We use observations of ionospheric scintillation at equatorial latitudes from two GPS receivers specially modified for recording, at a sampling rate of 50 Hz, the phase and the amplitude of the L1 signal and the Total Electron Content (TEC) from L1 and L2. The receivers, called GISTM (GPS Ionospheric Scintillation and TEC Monitor), are located in Vietnam (Hue, 16.4°N, 107.6°E; Hoc Mon, 10.9°N, 106.6°E). These experimental observations are analysed together with the tomographic reconstruction of the ionosphere produced by the Multi-Instrument Data Analysis System (MIDAS) for investigating the moderate geomagnetic storm which occurred on early April 2006, under low solar activity. The synergic adoption of the ionospheric imaging and of the GISTM measurements supports the identification of the scale-sizes of the ionospheric irregularities causing scintillations and helps the interpretation of the physical mechanisms generating or inhibiting the appearance of the equatorial F layer irregularities. In particular, our study attributes to the turning of the IMF (Interplanetary Magnetic Field) between northward and southward direction an important role in the inhibition of the generation of spread F irregularities resulting in a lack of scintillation enhancement in the post-sunset hours.     

Signatures of the Sudden Stratospheric Warming events of January–February 2008 in Seoul,S. Korea

The period January–February 2008 was characterized by four Sudden Stratospheric Warmings (SSWs) in the Northern Hemisphere, of which the last warming, at the end of February 2008, was a major warming. A significant decrease in mesospheric water vapour (H₂O) of more than 2 ppmv (∼40%) was observed by the ground-based microwave (GBMW) radiometer in Seoul, S. Korea [37.3°N, 126.3°E] during the major SSW. A comparison with ground-based mesospheric H₂O observations from the mid-latitude station in Bern [46.9°N, 7°E] revealed an anticorrelation in the mesospheric H₂O data during the major SSW. In addition, prior to the major warming, strong periodic fluctuations were recorded in the Aura MLS vertical temperature distribution between 15 and 0.05 hPa at Seoul. The mesospheric temperature oscillation was found to have a period of ∼10–14 days with a persistency of 3–4 cycles.     

Boundary layer aerosol retrieval from thermal infrared nadir sounding – Preliminary results

A non-empirical algorithm is presented to retrieve the optical depth in the 750–1250 cm⁻¹ spectral range, of aerosol located in the boundary layer over the ocean, from nadir high-resolution radiance spectra in the thermal infrared. The algorithm is based on a line-by-line radiative transfer forward model and used the Optimal Estimation Method for the retrieval. Its performance strongly depends on the quality of the a priori temperature and H₂O atmospheric profiles. To demonstrate the relevance of the algorithm, distributions of maritime aerosol parameters have been retrieved from IMG/ADEOS data for December 1996, using the algorithm with the LBLRTM radiative transfer code, and ERA40 (ECMWF) a priori atmospheric profiles and surface conditions.