泡沫镁的制备及应用前景

泡沫镁材料是一种极具潜力的新型材料,相比于实体金属镁和泡沫铝材料有许多特殊性能,然而国内对泡沫镁材料的研究相对较少。为方便学者对泡沫镁材料进行研究,简要介绍了泡沫镁材料的几种性能特点,论述了渗流铸造法、熔模铸造法、粉末冶金法、熔体发泡法、金属-气体共晶定向凝固法等几种重要的泡沫镁材料制备方法的工艺原理和优缺点。列举了国内外制备泡沫镁材料的一些实例,从泡沫镁材料的阻尼性能、吸能性能、仿生性能、散热性能等方面着重分析了泡沫镁材料在航空航天、生物医学、散热器、汽车等领域的应用前景。     

基于眼动指标的飞行员注意状态识别可行性研究

在未来高度自动化的飞行器中,飞行员的作业将以监控任务为主,飞行员注意状态的实时检测和干预技术是保证飞行安全的重要基础性技术.本文采用心理学的缓发持续操作任务(GradCPT)试验范式和眼动追踪技术,探索采用眼动指标来识别飞行员注意状态的可行性.试验招募了30名被试验者,分别完成约30min的GradCPT任务,同时利用...     

对单脉冲雷达的遮盖性干扰效果评估

振幅和差法是单脉冲雷达常见的测角定向体制。在分析振幅和差式单脉冲雷达工作原理及遮盖性干扰原理的基础上,建立了基于振幅和差式单脉冲雷达的遮盖性干扰评估模型,并对建立的干扰模型进行了计算机仿真。仿真结果表明:在造成足够大的角度跟踪误差时,遮盖性干扰对振幅和差式单脉冲雷达具有较好的干扰效果。     

使用Gao-Yong湍流方程计算翼体角偶流动

Gao-Yong湍流方程基于侧偏统计平均方法保留了湍流脉动量的一阶统计信息,并引入加权漂移速度对称性及正交各向异性,导出漂移流连续方程、动量方程和机械能方程,最后依据湍流物理的唯象论,使用动量传输链概念模化封闭了整个方程组.大量算例验证了此方程对广泛范围的复杂湍流问题的适定性.为了进一步的工程应用,将其加入开源计算流体力学软件OpenFOAM(Open Field Operation and Manipulation)中,并就翼体角偶流动进行了数值模拟.翼体角偶流动具有三维分离、马蹄涡等十分复杂的流动特征,通过与实验测量结果的对比研究表明,Gao-Yong湍流方程不论在定性还是定量上,都成功捕捉到这类复杂流动现象的主要特征,得到了令人满意的结果.     

航空液压泵磨损状况预测

磨损是航空液压泵典型的渐进性故障之一,因磨损量难以测量,对磨损状况进行准确的预测比较困难.针对上述问题,提出了基于多尺度数据的支持向量机预测方法,该方法将支持向量机用于时间序列预测的基本理论和数据多尺度分解、相空间重构方法结合,能更有效地挖掘时间序列的内在联系及变化规律.采用回油流量作为反映航空液压泵磨损状况的敏感信号,将其分解为趋势项和随机项,采用多尺度支持向量机作等维信息一步预测和多步预测,利用网格方法对预测模型参数寻优.对比传统支持向量机算法分析其预测精度,结果表明:多尺度支持向量机模型预测精度更高,适于中长期预测.      

路径积分差分吸收激光雷达反演模型设计与测试

激光雷达作为主动探测手段,能够较好地弥补被动卫星(如OCO-2/3、GOSAT-1/2和Tan Sat等)的不足,实现高精度、全天候和全天时的观测。中国在2022年4月16日成功发射世界首颗基于主动理论探测二氧化碳柱浓度(XCO2)的激光雷达卫星。本文基于前期在秦皇岛的缩比飞行试验数据,围绕优化积分权重函数和优化差分吸收光学厚度两大核心要素,提出了基于光谱能量模型的算法框架。该框架旨在提高基于主动理论的星载激光雷达探测XCO2反演的精度。评估获得光谱能量模型在海上、陆地上的测距精度分别为0.74和6.20 m。论文的工作在10 s滑动平均值下,海洋、城市和山区的平均XCO2值分别为411.07、425.71、417.87 ppm,标准差分别为1.93、0.85、0.96 ppm。综上所述,光谱能量模型对我国发展基于差分吸收激光雷达的二氧化碳浓度算法具有重要的参考意义。     

含多处损伤未加筋铝合金壁板的剩余强度

 进行了含多处损伤（MSD）的未加筋LY12CZ铝合金壁板的剩余强度试验。用0.12的钼丝切割预制裂纹,在垂直于裂纹面的方向施加单调增加的拉伸载荷,直至壁板破坏。得到了含不同裂纹几何的未加筋壁板的剩余强度。试验结果表明随着主裂纹长度增加,未加筋壁板的剩余强度减小;对相同的主裂纹长度,主裂纹和相邻的MSD裂纹之间的距离b减小,平板的剩余强度也减小。用5种失效准则分别计算了每个壁板的剩余强度。与试验结果的比较表明,净截面屈服准则和表观断裂韧性准则的误差较大,塑性区连通准则预测的平均误差为22.17%,改进的表观断裂韧性准则的平均误差为16.98%,而改进的塑性区连通准则预测的平均误差为8.27%,改进的塑性区连通准则大大提高了预测结果的精度。     

某雷达模拟系统宽带频综的电磁兼容设计

介绍了某型号雷达模拟系统宽带数字频综设备的电磁兼容设计.通过分析宽带频综设备中可能出现的各种电磁干扰环境,介绍了几种电磁兼容设计方法,最后给出应用结果.     

A Cause-Selecting Control Chart Method for Monitoring and Diagnosing Dependent Manufacturing Process Stages

Many industrial products are normally processed through multiple manufacturing process stages before it becomes a final product.Statistical process control techniques often utilize standard Shewhart control charts to monitor these process stages.If the process stages are independent,this is a meaningful procedure.However,they are not independent in many manufacturing scenarios.The standard Shewhart control charts can not provide the information to determine which process stage or group of process stages has caused the problems(i.e.,standard Shewhart control charts could not diagnose dependent manufacturing process stages).This study proposes a selective neural network ensemble-based cause-selecting system of control charts to monitor these process stages and distinguish incoming quality problems and problems in the current stage of a manufacturing process.Numerical results show that the proposed method is an improvement over the use of separate Shewhart control chart for each of dependent process stages,and even ordinary quality practitioners who lack of expertise in theoretical analysis can implement regression estimation and neural computing readily.     

A new stochastic model considering satellite clock interpolation errors in precise point positioning

Precise clock products are typically interpolated based on the sampling interval of the observational data when they are used for in precise point positioning. However, due to the occurrence of white noise in atomic clocks, a residual component of such noise will inevitable reside within the observations when clock errors are interpolated, and such noise will affect the resolution of the positioning results. In this paper, which is based on a twenty-one-week analysis of the atomic clock noise characteristics of numerous satellites, a new stochastic observation model that considers satellite clock interpolation errors is proposed. First, the systematic error of each satellite in the IGR clock product was extracted using a wavelet de-noising method to obtain the empirical characteristics of atomic clock noise within each clock product. Then, based on those empirical characteristics, a stochastic observation model was structured that considered the satellite clock interpolation errors. Subsequently, the IGR and IGS clock products at different time intervals were used for experimental validation. A verification using 179 stations worldwide from the IGS showed that, compared with the conventional model, the convergence times using the stochastic model proposed in this study were respectively shortened by 4.8% and 4.0% when the IGR and IGS 300-s-interval clock products were used and by 19.1% and 19.4% when the 900-s-interval clock products were used. Furthermore, the disturbances during the initial phase of the calculation were also effectively improved.