民用飞机舱门飞行锁机构接触力计算分析

研究飞机飞行锁机构中的接触力对于民用飞机飞行锁机构的设计具有重要意义。首先介绍飞行锁机构的功能和主要设计依据,阐明某民用飞机飞行锁机构的工作原理,并对其传力路径进行分析;然后采用工程算法、多刚体模型和多柔体模型三种计算方法计算飞行锁工作时曲柄与飞行锁摇臂之间的接触力;最后对三种计算方法进行对比,分析不同方法计算得到的接触力力值产生差异的原因。结果表明:多刚体模型计算值与工程算法计算值产生差异的主要原因是机构空行程导致的力臂变化,多柔体模型计算值与多刚体模型计算值产生差异的原因主要是受力过程中的结构变形。     

用于深层月壤采样返回的软质取心袋的设计与测试验证

月壤钻探采样技术尤其无人自主采样返回技术是我国探月工程的关键技术之一。文章提出了一种适于深层月壤钻探采样的取心机构,能够实现对月壤样品的原位包裹,以保持样品的层理特性信息。该机构选用Kevlar作为包裹样品用的软质取心袋材料,采用满足要求的编织工艺织造出致密薄壁的软袋,并对软袋进行了翻转抽拉力、力学性能及涂层测试分析等测试试验,验证其可满足深层月壤钻探采样任务的需求。     

Analysis on Potential Conflict Frequency of Intersected Air Routes in Terminal Airspace Design

In order to obtain accurate conflict risks in terminal airspace design, the concept and calculation model of potential conflict frequency for intersected routes are proposed. Conflict frequency is represented by the product of horizontal conflict frequency and vertical conflict probability. The horizontal conflict frequency is derived from the probability density distribution of conflicts in a period of time. Based on the recorded radar trajectory data, the concept and model of ROUTE distance are proposed, and the probability density function of aircraft height at a specified ROUTE distance is deduced by kernel density estimation. Furthermore, vertical conflict probability and its horizontal distribution are achieved. Examples of three intersected arrival and departure route design schemes are studied. Compared with scheme 1, the conflict frequency values of the other two improved schemes decrease to 53 % and 24%, respectively. The results show that the model can quantify potential conflict frequency of intersec ted routes.     

空中乘务专业双语教学初探

对空中乘务人员的素质要求越来越高,其中要求最高的就是在英语能力方面。本文基于在让乘务专业学生学习专业知识的同时,如何更有效地提高他们的英语水平,简要阐述了目前这方面教学的现状,分析了空乘专业的课程设置,并对如何实施双语教学提出了几点对策。     

基于热电类比法的光纤陀螺环模块热分析

为分析光纤陀螺（FOG,Fiber-Optic Gyroscope）受外界环境变化温度影响导致产生Shupe误差,采用热电类比法对不同结构形式的光纤环（FOR,Fiber Optical Ring）模块进行热分析,比较对应的电路模型,提出并联的热容和串联的电阻是影响FOG温度性能的关键因素.采用有限元热仿真定性分析了并联的热容和串联的电阻对FOG温度的影响,验证了电路模型的正确性;在与热仿真相同条件下,通过温箱实验,将FOR温度变化与FOG输出性能建立关联.结果表明,通过加大FOR模块连接处的串联热阻和并联热容,可有效降低FOR的瞬时温差,尤其是较大的热容能有效减小FOR温变速率,从而减小Shupe误差,改善FOG的温度性能.      

The impact of orbital errors on the estimation of satellite clock errors and PPP

Precise satellite orbit and clocks are essential for providing high accuracy real-time PPP (Precise Point Positioning) service. However, by treating the predicted orbits as fixed, the orbital errors may be partially assimilated by the estimated satellite clock and hence impact the positioning solutions. This paper presents the impact analysis of errors in radial and tangential orbital components on the estimation of satellite clocks and PPP through theoretical study and experimental evaluation. The relationship between the compensation of the orbital errors by the satellite clocks and the satellite-station geometry is discussed in details. Based on the satellite clocks estimated with regional station networks of different sizes (∼100, ∼300, ∼500 and ∼700 km in radius), results indicated that the orbital errors compensated by the satellite clock estimates reduce as the size of the network increases. An interesting regional PPP mode based on the broadcast ephemeris and the corresponding estimated satellite clocks is proposed and evaluated through the numerical study. The impact of orbital errors in the broadcast ephemeris has shown to be negligible for PPP users in a regional network of a radius of ∼300 km, with positioning RMS of about 1.4, 1.4 and 3.7 cm for east, north and up component in the post-mission kinematic mode, comparable with 1.3, 1.3 and 3.6 cm using the precise orbits and the corresponding estimated clocks. Compared with the DGPS and RTK positioning, only the estimated satellite clocks are needed to be disseminated to PPP users for this approach. It can significantly alleviate the communication burdens and therefore can be beneficial to the real time applications.     

激光有源干扰的防御措施

激光有源干扰是目前光电干扰领域发展的热点,如何对其实现成功防御是一个重要课题。主要讨论了激光有源干扰的各种防御措施,重点是激光测距机和半主动激光制导武器的抗干扰措施、激光防护器材的防护原理以及新体制导弹的强激光防护技术。     

多分量雷达辐射源信号的检测与分离

针对多分量雷达辐射源信号难以有效检测与分离的问题,提出了时频变换结合时变滤波的方法。通过图像分割中的区域生长法在时频平面对各分量进行检测,对其中的线性调频分量采用分数阶傅里叶变换进行优先分离,再对时频或频域没有耦合的分量进行滤波,最后通过支持向量机划分分类线,用于时频耦合分量的分离。仿真实验结果表明,该方法可以对多分量信号进行有效的检测与分离。     

静压气浮直驱转台热特性

以开发满足精密工程应用的静压气浮直驱转台为目标,研究静压气浮直驱转台结构的热稳定性.首先,分析了静压气浮直驱转台的发热-传热特性,建立了三维热特性有限元模型,计算了气浮直驱转台的温度场云图;用间接耦合的分析方法,将温度场作加载条件,进行转台热-结构耦合分析;然后,对比研究了两种直驱电机安置结构对转台热稳定性的影响,提出了静压气浮直驱转台的空气强制对流冷却方案;最后,完成了无框力矩电机后置式静压气浮直驱转台的温度场检测实验.实验结果表明,静压气浮直驱转台测试点的计算与实测温度的最大误差为1.93 ℃,稳态温度场分布计算精度较高;温度分布稳态时,气浮转台止推轴承气膜单侧间隙的变化量为0.55 μm,在空气轴承气膜设计允许的波动范围内,对轴承性能不产生明显的影响.电机后置式直驱静压气浮转台结构的热稳定性好,适合工业应用.