行政自由裁量权的道德边界

行政自由裁量权的正确行使,不仅离不开法律控制,而且需要设立道德边界。行政自由裁量权的道德边界,由行政主体在行政自由裁量中应当遵循的道德原则所构成。这样的道德原则主要有:平等裁量原则、公正裁量原则和据实裁量原则。行政自由裁量的道德原则,内化为行政主体的道德信念,就可以使行政主体自觉地控制其自由裁量行为。而公众舆论对于行政自由裁量过程的道德监督,则是实现行政自由裁量的道德原则内化的外部条件。     

Dynamics and de-spin control of massive target by single tethered space tug

This paper investigates the dynamics and de-spin control of a massive target by a single tethered space tug in the post-capture phase. The dynamic model of the tethered system is derived and simplified to a dimensionless form. Further, a decoupled PD controller is proposed, and the local stability of the controller is analyzed by linearization technique. Parametric studies of the dynamics and de-spin control of a massive target are conducted to characterize the dynamic process of de-spin with the proposed control law. It is shown that the massive target can be de-span by a single and small space tug with limited thrust within finite time. The thrust tangent with the tether de-spins the target while the thrust normal to the tether prevents the tether from winding up the target. The tether length has a positive contribution to the de-spin of a target. The longer tether leads to a faster de-spin process.     

An evolutionary computational framework for capacity-safety trade-off in an air transportation network

Airspace safety and airport capacity are two key challenges to sustain the growth in Air Transportation. In this paper, we model the Air Transportation Network as two sub-networks of airspace and airports, such that the safety and capacity of the overall Air Transportation network emerge from the interaction between the two. We propose a safety-capacity trade-off approach,using a computational framework, where the two networks can inter-act and the trade-off between capacity and safety in an Air Transport Network can be established. The framework comprise of an evolutionary computation based air traffic scenario generation using a flow capacity estimation module(for capacity), Collision risk estimation module(for safety) and an air traffic simulation module(for evaluation). The proposed methodology to evolve air traffic scenarios such that it minimizes collision risk for given capacity estimation was tested on two different air transport network topologies(random and small-world) with the same number of airports. Experimental results indicate that though airspace collision risk increases almost linearly with the increasing flow(flow intensity) in the corresponding airport network, the critical flow depend on the underlying network configuration. It was also found that, in general, the capacity upper bound depends not only on the connectivity among airports and their individual performances but also the configuration of waypoints and mid-air interactions among conflicts. Results also show that airport network can accommodate more traffic in terms of capacity but the corresponding airspace network cannot accommodate the resulting traffic flow due to the bounds on collision risk.     

纳米复合镍粉雷达吸波涂层研究

采用机械化学法将纳米SiC包覆在镍粉表面制备复合吸波材料,将该材料喷涂在基体上制备吸波涂层,并研究了SiC在复合材料中的含量变化对涂层吸波性能的影响.研究表明,SiC含量为10%时,纳米复合涂层的吸波性能最佳.与镍粉吸波涂层相比,该纳米复合涂层中频段的吸波性能明显提高,发射率小于-5 dB的带宽由7 GHz增加到10.4 GHz,涂层最高吸收值达到-23.4 dB.     

TC11合金高温变形行为及其机理

采用Gleeble-1500热模拟机研究了TC11合金在800～1 050℃、应变速率0.005～5/s条件下的高温变形行为.根据动力学分析,确定了不同温度区间的热激活能和热变形方程.结合变形微观组织观察确定了TC11合金的高温变形机制.结果显示:TC11合金在(α β)两相区和β相区的热变形激活能分别为285.38和141.98 kJ/mol,表明不同温度区间的热变形机理不同;在两相区变形主要发生片状组织的球化,在β相区变形时低应变速率下(0.005～0.05/s)主要发生β相的动态再结晶,高应变速率下(0.05～5/s)主要发生动态回复.研究结果为确定该合金的最佳变形工艺参数提供了理论依据.     

AZ91镁合金搅拌摩擦加工后的组织与性能

采用400rpm-100mm/min,800rpm-100mm/min,800rpm-200mm/min三种工艺参数对铸态AZ91镁合金进行搅拌摩擦加工(FSP)处理,并对合金加工前后的显微组织和拉伸性能及微观断裂机制进行分析。结果表明,经800rpm-100mm/min工艺FSP处理后,合金的显微组织明显细化,延伸率和抗拉强度显著提高,综合拉伸性能最好,且拉伸断口主要表现为韧性断裂的特征。这主要是由于在FSP过程中合金发生动态再结晶,使合金晶粒显著细化及粗大β相的溶解和破碎所致。     

山特维克可乐满CoroPak08.2新品亮相CIMES 2008

山特维克可乐满是山特维克集团旗下最大的金属切削刀具公司,是全球金属切削行业的领导品牌。作为全球排名第一的金属切削业刀具制造和供应商,山特维克可乐满始终致力于提升制造业的综合实力,并为客户不断提供创新的高效率金属切削刀具和解决方案。金秋9月新鲜     

HBM测量系统在航空航天中的应用

RUAG公司用HBM测量系统进行飞机全尺寸疲劳试验瑞士RUAG公司的研究人员对瑞士版F/A-18战斗机的加强结构进行了大规模的综合试验研究,以验证飞机结构是否能满足较高的要求,达到所需的5000个飞行小时的工作寿命。     

昆虫翅悬停飞行中的三维空间旋涡结构

昆虫(果蝇)悬停飞行中,翅膀按照特定的拍动方式往复运动,产生非定常高升力维持身体的平衡.研究昆虫高升力机理,需要探索拍动翼运动引发的三维空间非定常流场的特性,尤其是三维空间非定常涡的发展变化过程.本文将氢气泡流动显示技术应用于动态模型实验,定性的观察拍动翼前缘涡(LEV)的发展破裂过程.并利用数字体视粒子图像测速,DSPIV(Digital Steroscopic Particle Image Velocimetry)技术,测得了拍动翼运动瞬时相位和相位平均的三维空间流场信息(速度向量场、截面涡量场、空间涡量场,以及三维空间流线),揭示了拍动翼展向流动的存在,并结合定性和定量方法多角度说明了前缘涡沿展向发展到破裂的流动结构,并说明了侧缘涡与前缘涡的相互影响.测量结果表明:在雷诺数960的情况下,拍动翼运动至相位时,翼面上前缘涡在距翼根约60%展长的位置发生破裂;翼根至破裂点之间,展向流动稳定,指向翼梢;破裂点以后,展向流改变方向,指向翼根.     

The Electric Antennas for the STEREO/WAVES Experiment

The STEREO/WAVES experiment is designed to measure the electric component of radio emission from interplanetary radio bursts and in situ plasma waves and fluctuations in the solar wind. Interplanetary radio bursts are generated from electron beams at interplanetary shocks and solar flares and are observed from near the Sun to 1 AU, corresponding to frequencies of approximately 16 MHz to 10 kHz. In situ plasma waves occur in a range of wavelengths larger than the Debye length in the solar wind plasma λ _D ≈10 m and appear Doppler-shifted into the frequency regime down to a fraction of a Hertz. These phenomena are measured by STEREO/WAVES with a set of three orthogonal electric monopole antennas. This paper describes the electrical and mechanical design of the antenna system and discusses efforts to model the antenna pattern and response and methods for in-flight calibration.