航空发动机数控系统中LVDT传感器信号处理及在线故障检测

通过对线位移差动变压器(LVDT)信号处理电路的深刻研究, 给出了芯片发热、温漂、信号精度等问题的一般解决方法, 提出了一种通过软、硬件结合, 在不增加外围器件的情况下对LVDT传感器进行在线故障检测的定值判断法.发动机台架试验结果表明, 所提出的方法是行之有效的.      

高维小失效概率下的改进线抽样方法

 针对隐式极限状态方程的可靠性分析,提出了一种基于失效域样本模拟的高效线抽样法。该法采用马尔可夫链来快速得到失效域中的条件样本,利用这些失效域中的样本可以得到线抽样的重要方向,并且这些样本还可以作为线抽样的样本,来得到隐式极限状态方程失效概率的估计值。由于该法可以较准确地得到线抽样方法的重要方向,因此线抽样的效率可以得到提高,另外失效域的样本又可以作为线抽样的样本,从而进一步降低所提方法的计算工作量。算例表明所提算法的计算精度和效率均高于传统线抽样方法。     

Active damping control of vibrational systems

The problem of vibration suppression in large flexible space structure (LFSS) is investigated. Based on the structure property of LFSS, an active damping strategy is proposed to effectively attenuate the critical vibrations of the structure subject to modeling uncertainty and external disturbance. Control algorithms are derived with the aim of suppressing both the vibrating magnitude and vibrating rate to an acceptable level. It is shown that the strategy exhibits robust and adaptive properties and is truly model-independent. The novelty of the proposed approach lies in the fact that it is fairly easy to set up the strategy and the overall computation involved is much less than any other strategies available to date. A two-bay truss is used to verify the validity of the proposed approach     

Robust wavelet neuro control for linear brushless motors

Design, simulation and experimental implementation of a wavelet basis function network learning controller for linear brushless dc motors (LBDCM) are considered. Stability robustness with position tracking is the primary concern. The proposed controller deals mainly with external disturbances, e.g. nonlinear friction force and payload variation in motion control of linear motors. It consists of two parts, one is a state feedback component, and the other one is a learning feedback component. The state feedback controller is designed on the basis of a simple linear model, and the learning feedback component is a wavelet neural controller. The attenuation effect of wavelet neural networks on friction force is first verified by the numerical method. The learning effect of wavelet neural networks on friction force is also shown in the numerical results. Then, a wavelet neural network is applied on a real LBDCM to on-line suppress the friction force, which may be variable due to the different lubrication. The effectiveness of the proposed control schemes is demonstrated by simulated and experimental results.     

The Genesis Solar-Wind Collector Materials

Genesis (NASA Discovery Mission #5) is a sample return mission. Collectors comprised of ultra-high purity materials will be exposed to the solar wind and then returned to Earth for laboratory analysis. There is a suite of fifteen types of ultra-pure materials distributed among several locations. Most of the materials are mounted on deployable panels (‘collector arrays’), with some as targets in the focal spot of an electrostatic mirror (the ‘concentrator’). Other materials are strategically placed on the spacecraft as additional targets of opportunity to maximize the area for solar-wind collection. Most of the collection area consists of hexagonal collectors in the arrays; approximately half are silicon, the rest are for solar-wind components not retained and/or not easily measured in silicon. There are a variety of materials both in collector arrays and elsewhere targeted for the analyses of specific solar-wind components. Engineering and science factors drove the selection process. Engineering required testing of physical properties such as the ability to withstand shaking on launch and thermal cycling during deployment. Science constraints included bulk purity, surface and interface cleanliness, retentiveness with respect to individual solar-wind components, and availability. A detailed report of material parameters planned as a resource for choosing materials for study will be published on a Genesis website, and will be updated as additional information is obtained. Some material is already linked to the Genesis plasma data website (genesis.lanl.gov). Genesis should provide a reservoir of materials for allocation to the scientific community throughout the 21st Century. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Aperture error mitigation via local-state estimation for frequency-based emitter location

This paper considers the problem of locating a stationary coherent emitter via a single moving platform making frequency measurements in the presence of aperture state uncertainty. It is shown that the estimated emitter location is most sensitive to the receiving aperture velocity uncertainty. The required aperture velocity accuracy is determined through a noninfinitesimal perturbation analysis. A solution to location accuracy enhancement with a minimal hardware addition is attempted. It is shown that this can be achieved by mounting a high-resolution tri-axis microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) accelerometer at the aperture to measure its velocity, which can deviate significantly from that estimated by the on-board navigation system. The Doppler shifts of the GPS signal carrier frequency, whenever it can be acquired through the aperture, are also considered as a way to aid the aperture velocity measurement. A decentralized, federated processing method for the aperture velocity estimate referenced at the aperture, integrating all measurement data, is presented. An upper bound for the error of aperture velocity estimate is derived. The potential for significant accuracy enhancement for emitter location is demonstrated.     

电视自导引制导武器仿真研究

简述了精确制导武器在现代信息化战争中的重要地位和作用.建立了电视自动寻的制导导弹的完整模型,包括了传感器模型、过载控制模型、自动驾驶仪及导引头模型.通过对全弹道的三维仿真确定了该导弹的毁伤概率,命中精度等评估指标,并分析了各种干扰因素对空地导弹命中精度的影响.仿真验证了所提出模型的正确性,也为实弹打靶提供了有效的辅助决策作用.     

利用几何遗传方法优化前缘翼根延伸的外形以增强飞行器升力系数和机动性

为了提高所选定飞行器模型的机动性,采用了一种标准遗传算法设计前缘翼根延伸(LEX).同时使用一种由三维低阶板方法结合DATCOM方法半经验公式的改进方法预测复杂外形飞行器(机身 机翼 尾翼)的空气动力载荷和最大升力系数.结果表明,在前缘翼根存在的情况下,升力系数在马赫数为0.4～0.8时提升了20.5%～15.3%,在马赫数为1.2时提升了6.8%,在马赫数为0.2～0.95之间升力系数最大值提升了9.5%～15%.在1～5 km的高度亚音速飞行时,其回转率得到了6.6%～8.0%的提升.     

基于鲁棒自适应控制策略的混合型步进电机低速伺服控制性能

针对混合型步进电机低速运行状态下脉动转矩较大的特点,应用鲁棒自适应控制策略来设计其低速伺服控制器,以实现高精度的跟踪控制性能.首先,根据混合型步进电机转矩形成的机理,揭示了其固有的脉动转矩对低速运动控制产生不利影响的动力学特征,并将它归结为两种结构不确定性,便于控制器的设计;其次,采取标准的自适应控制及其鲁棒化设计思想,借助于μ-修整策略来实现相应的控制律,确保脉动转矩的最大化补偿及伺服系统低速跟踪控制满足高性能的要求;最后对所建立的低速跟踪控制系统的性能进行了试验评估,并与作者前期的工作进行了比较,试验结果验证了其有效性与可行性.     

Isotopes in comets: Implications from Cr in carbonaceous chondrites

According to their chemical composition, rich in volatile compounds, comets are thought to be primitive materials. They may provide prime samples for the study of nucleosynthetic components of the solar system and of the processes occurring during the formation of the outer planets. Their origin is largely a matter of conjecture. Chromium isotopic measurements in carbonaceous chondrites illustrate how the non-volatile part of cometary material can be investigated both for isotopic heterogeneity and for the extinct nuclide ⁵³Mn. Questions like the possible presence of ²⁶Al as a heat source can also be addressed by these measurements.