Magnetospheric signatures of auroral disturbances during the passage of the solar wind’s CIR and sheath regions

Based on Polar satellite data, the authors have studied the auroral disturbances that arose during the passage by the Earth of compressed plasma regions formed in front of high-speed solar wind streams (the CIR region) and in front of magnetic clouds (the Sheath region). The aurorae observed by the Polar satellite possessed basic signatures of a substorm: a localized onset and expansion toward the pole and westward and eastward. However, in these cases they had a very large size in longitude and latitude and occupied a very large area. All disturbances observed by the Polar satellite during the Sheath and CIR regions of the solar wind in December of 1996, in 1997–1998, and in 2000 were analyzed. Eight events during disturbance development in the ionosphere, when the Geotail satellite was located in the plasma sheet of the magnetospheric tail, were selected. It is shown that in all selected cases some typical signatures of substorm development in the magnetospheric tail were observed, namely: (1) fast plasma flows (flow reversal, i.e., from tailwards to Earthwards) and (2) a sharp decrease of the total pressure, which followed an interval of total pressure increase. One can draw the conclusion that in the CIR and Sheath regions with a high solar wind density, substorm disturbances of a specific type are observed, with large latitudinal and longitudinal size (sometimes occupying the entire polar cap).     

On the large-scale structure of the tail current as measured by THEMIS

The magnetic field structure and the spatial characteristics of the large-scale currents in the magnetospheric tail were studied during quiet and moderately disturbed geomagnetic conditions in 2009. The magnetic field of the currents other than the tail current was calculated in terms of a paraboloid model of the Earth’s magnetosphere, A2000, and was subtracted from measurements. It was found on the base of obtained tail current magnetic field radial distribution that the inner edge of the tail current sheet is located in the night side magnetosphere, at distances of about 10 R_E and of about 7 R_E during quiet and disturbed periods respectively. During the disturbance of February 14, 2009 (Dst_min ∼ −35 nT), the B_x and the B_z component of the tail current magnetic field near its inner edge were about 60 nT, and −60 nT that means that strong cross-tail current have been developed. The tail current parameters at different time moments during February 14, 2009 have been estimated. Solar wind conditions during this event were consistent with those during moderate magnetic storms with minimum Dst of about −100 nT. However, the magnetospheric current systems (magnetopause and cross-tail currents) were located at larger geocentric distances than typical during the 2009 extremely quiet epoch and did not provide the expected Dst magnitude. Very small disturbance on the Earth’s surface was detected consistent with an “inflated” magnetosphere.     

Spectroscopic data and Stark broadening of Cu I and Ag I spectral lines: Selection and analysis

Optical emission and linear laser absorption spectroscopy techniques were used in investigation of plasma with copper and silver admixture. The method of selection of spectral lines and spectroscopic data with the aim of diagnostics of multicomponent air plasma with two metal vapors admixture was developed. Energy level populations behavior on the Boltzmann plot were used for Cu I and Ag I spectroscopic data selection. In this way the selection of spectroscopic data for some of Cu I and Ag I lines was realized. Stark broadening parameters of Cu I and Ag I were examined. Experimentally obtained temperature and electron density radial distributions were used in the calculation of plasma composition in the assumption of local thermodynamic equilibrium. Linear laser absorption spectroscopy was used to examine the state of plasma.     

Stochastic processes for line shapes and intensities

Stochastic processes provide flexible and fast calculations for modeling dynamical interactions between an atom and charged particles. We use a stochastic renewal process for the plasma microfield being the cause of Stark broadening. The accuracy and improvement possibilities of Lyman profiles calculations with a renewal process are analyzed by comparing to ab initio simulations for ion broadening only. Stochastic processes may also be applied to out of equilibrium plasmas. We present our first results for the effect of Langmuir waves on a line broadened by electrons only, and for the changes of atomic populations submitted to strong temperature fluctuations.     

遗传算法综合阵列的幅度和相位方向图

分析了阵列方向图分别为对称、实的或实的且对称时所对应的单元激励关系,简要介绍了遗传算法,并将其用于阵列方向图综合.遗传算法是一种自适应全局优化概率搜索算法,它直接以目标函数作为搜索信息.通过合理地设计目标函数,遗传算法不仅可以综合幅度方向图,还可以综合相位,适合于需要进行幅度和相位补偿的情况,以及多目标的情况.最后,结合平顶波束方向图与抛物面天线初级馈源的正割平方方向图进行综合,证明了遗传算法的有效性和灵活性,说明使用遗传算法时尽量利用方向图的实的或对称特性,可以减少待优化变量的数目,加快收敛.并提出将传统遗传算法与传统方向图综合方法相结合,可以进一步减少得到最优解所需要的进化代数.     

捷联式天线稳定平台动力学建模与仿真分析

对于体积有限制的战术导弹应用,导引头天线伺服系统的体积受到严格限制,传统的速率陀螺稳定平台的应用受到挑战,为此提出采用捷联稳定方式来解决视线稳定问题.根据弹载捷联式天线平台的结构特点及稳定原理,应用坐标变换方法,完整地建立了两自由度捷联式天线平台的运动学与动力学模型.通过分析平台框架运动学耦合关系,表明捷联稳定方式与速率陀螺稳定方式的基本区别在于信息的获取和控制方式上,速率陀螺稳定方式是一种直接硬件稳定方法,而捷联稳定方式是一种软件补偿方法.在此基础上,对框架动力学耦合特性进行了数值仿真,结果表明:弹体对框架的耦合较强,需要进行弹体解耦,而框架之间的交叉耦合相对较弱,实际设计时可以忽略.所得结果为进一步研究捷联式天线稳定平台提供了理论基础,也为小型化导引头视线稳定平台系统的工程设计提供了一种解决方案.     

厚度和环境对复合涂层导电性能的影响

为了给数字化刻铣曲面频率选择表面(FSS)结构的制作和加工提供参考和依据,对比研究了含片状银粉颗粒的聚氨酯基和环氧树脂基2种复合导电涂层的基本性能,并通过环境加速试验,重点研究了温度、湿度以及腐蚀气氛对2种导电涂层的界面强度、微观结构和导电性能的影响.通过电桥法测量涂层表面电阻的变化,并通过扫描电境观察环境试验前后,涂层表面和剖面的微观结构和形貌变化.试验结果表明:聚氨酯基涂层的综合性能优于环氧树脂基涂层;在实验所涉及的参数变化范围内,环境因素对2种涂层与基体的界面结合影响不大,但对其导电性能的影响比较明显.环境因素对导电性能的削弱作用,源于相应过程中导电涂层的微观结构损伤.     

空间高阶差分近似对三维ADI-FDTD数值色散的影响

研究采用空间高阶差分近似的三维交替方向隐式时域有限差分法(ADI-FDTD,Alternating-Direction Implicit Finite-Difference Time-Domain)数值色散问题,首先推导了采用空间高阶差分近似的数值色散迭代公式,分别对最小相速方向和最大相速方向进行二阶、四阶、六阶、十阶空间差分数值色散误差的数值计算和比较,并分析数值色散对空间差分阶数的依赖关系,最后发现在均匀网格中采用四阶空间差分能得到较好的效果.     

屋盖MRD隔震升船机结构模型振动台试验

升船机结构塔柱平台处的刚度突变会引起升船机顶部厂房强烈的地震鞭梢效应,在升船机结构模型上设置屋盖磁流变阻尼器MRD(Magnetorhelogical Damper)隔震系统并进行振动台试验,以验证该系统对控制升船机结构顶部厂房地震鞭梢效应的有效性.设计制作了升船机结构模型和磁流变阻尼器隔震系统,分别进行了原结构模型和屋盖MRD隔震结构模型的振动台试验,并对模型结构的动力特性和振动反应进行了对比分析.试验结果表明:MRD隔震系统改变了模型结构的动力特性,有效地减小了升船机结构模型顶部排架层的层间侧移反应.最后进行了数值分析,并与试验结果进行了比较,验证了屋盖MRD隔震-升船机结构系统力学模型与数值分析方法的正确性.     

TC-1和Geotail对亚暴过程中近地等离子体片磁扰动的联合观测

以2004年9月28日02:53:20 UT的亚暴为例, 通过TC-1在磁尾约12.5 R_e 和Geotail卫星在近地磁尾等离子体片约8～9 R_e的联合观测, 研究亚暴触发过程中近地磁尾等离子体片中等离子体波动特征. 结果表明, 亚暴触发区是近地磁尾中心等离子体片中较小的一个区域, 在亚暴触发区中低混杂不稳定性在近地磁尾等离子体片中存在, 准垂直传播的低混杂波发生在亚暴触发过程中, 而亚暴触发过程中近地磁尾等离子体片外边界区内的磁场偶极化信号和扰动都非常微弱. 在亚暴触发和亚暴膨胀相过程中出现了多次具有不同特征的磁场偶极化现象.