Bioelectrochemical degradation of urea at platinized boron doped diamond electrodes for bioregenerative systems

The recovery of potable water from space mission wastewater is critical for the life support and environmental health of crew members in long-term missions. NASA estimates reveal that at manned space missions 1.91 kg/person day of urine is produced, with urea and various salts as its main components. In this research we explore the utilization of urease (EC 3.5.1.5, 15,000 U/g) along with a platinized boron doped diamond electrode (Pt-BDD) to degrade urea. Urea is directly degraded to nitrogen by the in situ utilization of the reaction products as a strategy to increase the amount of clean water in future space expeditions. The biochemical reaction of urease produces ammonia and carbon dioxide from urea. Thereafter, ammonia is electrooxidized at the interface of the Pt-BDD producing molecular nitrogen. The herein presented system has been proven to have 20% urea conversion efficiency. This research has potential applications for future long-term space missions since the reaction byproducts could be used for a biomass subsystem (in situ resource recovery), while generating electricity from the same process.     

重力空射稳定伞阻力特征自动化设计

为进行重力空射稳定伞的初步设计,文章以多体动力学软件(ADAMS)为二次开发平台,构建了重力空射箭-伞系统的动力学仿真模型;推导了火箭和稳定伞的气动模型,并利用动态链接子程序实现了气动力的加载;通过ADAMS命令语言建立了参数化模型和用户界面。在此基础上,自编可行方向优化算法实现了稳定伞阻力特征的自动化设计。最后,根据仿真计算结果对试验火箭出舱时间、安全通道、回收方式等问题进行了分析,为后续空射稳定伞的细节设计以及空射总体方案的确定提供了参考。     

Distribution of chlorophyll and harmful algal blooms (HABs): A review on space based studies in the coastal environments of Chinese marginal seas

Monitoring of spatial and temporal distribution of chlorophyll (Chl-a) concentrations in the aquatic milieu is always challenging and often interesting. However, the recent advancements in satellite digital data play a significant role in providing outstanding results for the marine environmental investigations. The present paper is aimed to review ‘remote sensing research in Chinese seas’ within the period of 24 years from 1978 to 2002. Owing to generalized distributional pattern, the Chl-a concentrations are recognized high towards northern Chinese seas than the southern. Moreover, the coastal waters, estuaries, and upwelling zones always exhibit relatively high Chl-a concentrations compared with offshore waters. On the basis of marine Chl-a estimates obtained from satellite and other field measured environmental parameters, we have further discussed on the applications of satellite remote sensing in the fields of harmful algal blooms (HABs), primary production and physical oceanographic currents of the regional seas. Concerned with studies of HABs, satellite remote sensing proved more advantageous than any other conventional methods for large-scale applications. Probably, it may be the only source of authentic information responsible for the evaluation of new research methodologies to detect HABs. At present, studies using remote sensing methods are mostly confined to observe algal bloom occurrences, hence, it is essential to coordinate the mechanism of marine ecological and oceanographic dynamic processes of HABs using satellite remote sensing data with in situ measurements of marine environmental parameters. The satellite remote sensing on marine environment and HABs is believed to have a great improvement with popular application of technology.     

空间邻近目标跟踪与航迹关联的联合优化算法

针对单传感器跟踪空间邻近目标过程中存在航迹交错的问题,提出一种基于分布式多传感器融合结构的跟踪与航迹关联联合优化算法.该算法在单帧航迹全局最优航迹关联的基础上,通过航迹关联质量检测传感器航迹是否存在交错,然后构造交错航迹对的拟测量,并根据拟测量误差协方差计算融合“测量”,最后由融合中心对融合“测量”进行全局最优点迹-航迹互联和交互多模型(IMM)滤波更新融合航迹.考虑分布式融合系统约束情况,给出采用次优拟测量的替代方法.仿真结果表明,与传统航迹关联算法相比,联合优化算法能够明显提高目标跟踪精度和身份正确率.     

企业标准化工作与经济效益

介绍了企业从产品开发生产的相关环节入手,开展企业标准化工作与企业经济效益之间的关系,说明了企业运用标准化这一有力工具,在产品设计、制造、质量控制和企业管理等方面创造经济效益的重要作用。     

不同介质下高速铣削钛合金时切屑的变形研究

开展了不同介质下钛合金切屑变形的高速铣削试验研究,分析比较了不同介质、不同铣削速度对切屑宏观和微观形貌的影响及其原因,得出了干铣削、空气油雾和氮气油雾介质下切屑变形的各自特点以及切屑变形随速度而变化的规律。     

计算机模拟高温下温度波动对简化环氧分子结构参数的影响

对４００Ｋ下简化环氧分子结构的键长、键角、四原子扭转角及非键合原子间距离等结构参数在微小温度波动时进行动态模拟，分析了这些结构参数在该条件下的变形刚性。     

航改燃气轮机改用柴油的适应性试验研究

采用试验手段,完成了QD128航改燃气轮机燃用轻柴油燃料的适应性研究。结果表明:喷嘴雾化锥角对燃料物性改变不敏感,基本稳定;流量受粘度、密度共同影响,设计工况流量减小约3%;粘度增加导致雾化粒度增大约8μm;改用柴油后点火性能依旧良好,贫油点火范围宽;进气温度升高,贫油点火极限略为增加。以上结果为QD128航改燃气轮机柴油燃料机型设计提供了可靠的技术依据。     

基于虚拟样机的起落架收放系统仿真

通过建立某飞机起落架机构动力学模型和液压及控制系统模型,构建了完整的起落架收放系统的虚拟样机。基于虚拟样机,进行了起落架收放系统仿真分析,并与试验结果进行了对比。结果表明:仿真结果与试验结果基本一致,仿真模型可以用于起落架系统收放时间的模拟。     

Radar target novel characteristic detection method

In this paper, a method of radar target detection based on 2-dimensional (2D) fractal dimension is proposed. The proposed approach exploits both range information and azimuth information to estimate fractal dimension. Moreover, the approach can increase the number of the data points. The above two merits result in the fractal dimension estimated by this method is more accurate and robust than the previous method. The detection performance is also better than the previous one, which only makes use of 1-dimensional (1-D) information to estimate fractal dimension. Theoretical analysis and experimental result show that the proposed method performs well in strong clutter background. The proposed method is also validated by real-life radar data, and the better result has been achieved.